RU2293608C1 - Method of forming electrified aerosol of dielectric liquid with toxic chemicals or drugs - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: environment control; reduced use of toxic chemicals and drugs in farming.

SUBSTANCE: proposed method consists in forming electrified aerosol by passing dielectric liquid at high velocity of 30-60 m/s through narrow passage at diameter of 1-1.5 mm which is made from another dielectric; passages have nozzle-shaped form with several constrictions and widened sections; external metal clips are fitted in narrow sections of passage; liquid is set in rotation with the aid of swirlers before inlet part of passage and outlet part narrowed.

EFFECT: enhanced ecological safety; enhanced economical efficiency; enhanced energy safety.

3 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to the field of ecology and can be used to repeatedly reduce the required amount of pesticides or drugs used in agriculture.

Closest to the claimed method is a method comprising electrifying an aerosol from a high voltage source by passing it through a nozzle channel [1].

The disadvantages of this method are low efficiency, poor charging of the aerosol and increased requirements for its electrical safety.

The claimed method is aimed at eliminating these disadvantages.

This result is achieved by the fact that for the intensive electrification of a dielectric fluid with pesticides or drugs and the creation of a highly electrified aerosol, a dielectric fluid is passed at a high speed of 30-60 m / s through narrow nozzle-shaped channels from another dielectric, several narrowings and extensions of the channels are made, mounted external metal clamps in the narrow parts of the channels create rotation in the fluid flow with the help of special swirls in front of the inlet part of the channels and narrow the output hour t channels.

Distinctive features of the claimed method are:

- transmission of a dielectric fluid with a high speed of 30-60 m / s through a narrow channel of 1-1.5 mm;

- changing the shape of the nozzle channel by adding several constrictions and extensions;

- installation of external metal clamps in the narrow parts of the nozzle channel;

- the creation of rotation in the fluid flow using special swirls in front of the inlet of the channel;

- narrowing of the output part of the channel.

Changing the shape of the nozzle channels by adding several constrictions and expansions leads to an improvement in the conditions for the formation of cavitation and electrification due to sharp pressure drops - in the places of narrowing the pressure drops, in the places of expansion increases. In this case, cavitation bubbles correspondingly more intensively arise and collapse more rapidly.

Installation of external metal clamps in the narrow parts of the nozzle channel contribute to a more intensive electrification of the liquid due to the additional "supply" of free electrons.

The creation of rotation in the fluid flow using special swirlers contributes to a better electrification of the fluid due to the formation of stronger surface velocity gradients, as well as better aerosol spray at the end of the channel due to the presence of centrifugal effects.

The passage of a dielectric fluid with a high speed in the range of 30-60 m / s through a narrow dielectric channel with a diameter of 1-1.5 mm leads to the formation of cavitation, sonoluminescence, electrification of the liquid and the channel with a voltage drop of tens of kilovolts. Electrification of a liquid is used to create a charged aerosol at the exit of the channel. In this case, there is no need for an external source of high voltage and for a complex technological process of charging them with all drops of aerosol. Electrification of the channel can also be used if you want to create an aerosol with a different sign of charging. The narrowing of the outlet of the channel also contributes to a more intense atomization of the electrified fluid and the creation of an electrified aerosol with smaller droplets.

The essence of the claimed method is illustrated by the drawings presented in figures 1-2 and the following description.

Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a General use of the proposed method;

figure 2 is a diagram of the electrification of a liquid.

With a high-speed flow of a dielectric fluid through a dielectric channel at a speed of 30-60 m / s, which arises under the influence of an external pressure drop of 10-100 atm, cavitation bubbles and strong electrification arise - free electrons are formed in the stream, and the channel itself is positively charged. The voltage drop in the experiments can vary from several tens of kilovolts to several hundred kilovolts. This eliminates the need for an external high voltage source and the need for a complex electrification procedure for individual aerosol droplets. In addition, the electrification of the entire aerosol and the charge on its individual drops increases many times. Changing the shape of the nozzle channels by adding several constrictions and extensions significantly improves the conditions for the occurrence of cavitation and reduces the required pressure drop by several times. Metal clamps enhance aerosol electrification. The rotation of the flow increases the surface velocity gradients, contributing to increased cavitation and electrification, and ensures the creation of a fine aerosol.

The narrowing of the outlet of the channel also contributes to a more efficient aerosol spray.

Aerosol electrification can be useful in a wide variety of areas of human activity. In particular, it is particularly effective to use an electrified aerosol when pollinating plants with pesticides or drugs.

The fact is that, as a rule, when pollinating plants from above, only a small part of the sprayed preparations fall on the back of the leaf. At the same time, agricultural pests are located on the back shaded side. When aerosol is electrified, droplets repel each other and hundreds of times more sprayed substance gets to the back side than without electrification. This is especially noticeable in the central part of the leaf, where agricultural pests are located.

This effect can be significantly enhanced if you use the different charges of the sheet and aerosol. To do this, you can take advantage of the positive charge of the channel and bring this high voltage to the output of another spray device. The sheet itself, like the earth, is negatively charged.

Verification of the achievement of the claimed technical result was carried out as follows. The dielectric fluid was passed through a dielectric nozzle channel with a diameter of 1-1.5 mm with several contractions and extensions and with a metal clamp (Fig. 1), with a pressure drop varying in the range of 10-100 atm, the speed of the dielectric fluid was 30-60 m /from. At the output, the sign and magnitude of the voltage were measured, which varied in the range of 10-70 kV, which is quite enough to achieve intensive charging of aerosol droplets. The aerosol charging circuit is shown in FIG. 2.

Then the aerosol flow was directed to a vertical plate 1, simulating a leaf of a plant (figure 3). In its lower part, on the leeward (shadow) side, the dripping drops accumulated in test tubes 2 and made it possible to control the flow rate and its distribution along the shadow part of the sheet. At the same time, the total current (charge) and its distribution along the shadow part of the sheet were monitored.

The experiments showed the stability of aerosol charging, reliability, safety and, in general, the high efficiency of the proposed method.

Information sources

1. A.S. No. 1753198 / Herzenstein S.Ya., Nekrasov I.V., Rudnitsky A.Ya., Rustambekov M.K. // A device for creating an aerosol. 1992.

Claims (1)

A method of creating an electrified aerosol of a dielectric fluid with pesticides and drugs, comprising electrifying an aerosol of a dielectric fluid, characterized in that the dielectric fluid is passed at a high speed of 30-60 m / s through a narrow channel with a diameter of 1-1.5 mm from another dielectric, then through a nozzle channel with several constrictions and extensions and external metal clamps in the narrow parts of the channel, create a rotation in the fluid flow using special swirls in front of the inlet th channel and passed through the liquid outlet portion narrowing channel.

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