RU2291978C1 - Internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: internal combustion engine comprises tank filled with a fuel, pump, cylinder for burning fuel, piston, and dispergator interposed between the pump and cylinder. The engine has device for sucking and supplying air to the inlet of the dispergator. The dispergator comprises rods and plates that are arranged in the internal space of the dispergator and provide mixing of fuel and air by means of cavitation. The pipeline between the dispergator and cylinder is provided with a cock. The pipeline connected to the fuel tank through the cock is connected with the pipeline between the cock and dispergator. The device for sucking and supplying air to the inlet of the dispergator has vessel with compressed air.

EFFECT: enhanced efficiency and completeness of fuel combustion.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used in the development, manufacture and operation of various internal combustion engines.

State of the art

An analogue and prototype of the invention can be an internal combustion engine described in the patent of the Russian Federation for invention No. 2136940 dated 09/10/1999. The internal combustion engine contains a tank with fuel, a pump, a cylinder, in the cavity of which fuel, a piston, a dispersant are burned.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the low efficiency of fuel combustion in a gaseous (saturated exhaust gas) atmosphere.

Disclosure of invention

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the internal combustion engine.

The technical results of the claimed invention are:

- improving the quality of fuel combustion in a gassed atmosphere (lack of oxygen in the air);

- increase engine power when working in a gassed atmosphere.

The claimed technical results are achieved due to the fact that the internal combustion engine contains a container with fuel, a pump, a cylinder, in the cavity of which fuel is burned, a piston, a dispersant, characterized in that the dispersant is located in the pipeline between the pump and the cylinder, and the internal combustion engine contains a device for intake and air supply to the entrance of the dispersant, and the dispersant contains located in the inner cavity of the dispersant rods or plates that provide mixing of fuel and air a cavitation mixture.

The invention differs from the prototype by the following features: "the dispersant is located in the pipeline between the pump and the cylinder, and the internal combustion engine contains a device for intake and air supply to the inlet of the dispersant, and the dispersant contains rods or plates located in the inner cavity of the dispersant, providing mixing of fuel and air by cavitation mixture. "

The dispersant contains a diffuser and a housing with an internal cavity. In the inner cavity, rods or plates are located that provide mixing of the flow of fuel and air received into the dispersant by means of cavitation of the mixture. With at least a double pressure drop, the dispersant provides high-quality finely dispersed mixing of air with liquid fuel. The diameters of air bubbles in liquid fuel are from 5 to 500 microns. The diameter of air cavities in gaseous fuels is difficult to measure.

A crane is located in the pipeline between the dispersant and the cylinder, and a pipeline is connected to the pipeline between the crane and the dispersant, connected through the valve to the fuel tank. This allows, by blocking the access of the dispersed mixture of fuel and air to the cylinder, to ensure its movement back into the tank with fuel and thereby to obtain dispersed fuel in the tank.

The device for intake and supply of air to the inlet of the dispersant can be made in the form of a tube connected to the inlet of the pump (for example, an ejector pump) or may contain a container with air, in particular with compressed air.

In the general case, the pump may be absent, and the fuel may be supplied to the cylinder due to the pressure drop (the tank with the fuel is inflated). This design can be implemented on engines running on gas (for example, natural gas).

The fuel entering the cylinder is preliminarily mixed with air. The contact surface of air and fuel before it enters the cylinder increases significantly and therefore the fuel burns out completely, even with a very gassed atmosphere (lack of oxygen in the air). Less fuel is required for engine operation. This increases the efficiency of the engine.

The best use of such engines can be on cars operating in a gassy atmosphere.

With complete combustion of the fuel, a reduction in harmful emissions into the atmosphere will be achieved. The experiments showed that when mixing a fuel mixture containing 10% air and 90% diesel fuel in volume, the efficiency of fuel combustion increases. Dispersed fuel burns when the combustion air is artificially limited. Thus, the cost of such a dispersed fuel is lower than pure fuel.

With a decrease in the cost of fuel, the price of the work produced by the engine will decrease.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Figure 1 and 2 shows a diagram of the inventive engine indicating the location of the dispersant.

The implementation of the invention

Figure 1 presents one of the possible embodiments of the invention. The engine contains a tank 1 with fuel 2, a pump 3, a cylinder 4, in the cavity of which fuel is burned, a piston 5, a device 6 for intake and air supply to the inlet of the dispersant 7, a dispersant 7 for mixing fuel 2 and air, and the dispersant is located in pipe between pump 3 and cylinder 4.

In the pipeline (see figure 2) between the dispersant 7 and the cylinder 4, a valve 8 is located, and a pipeline 9 is connected to the pipeline between the valve 8 and the dispersant 7, connected through the valve 10 with a capacity of 1.

The device 6 for intake and supply of air to the inlet of the dispersant may include a pipeline (see figure 1) or a container 11 (see figure 2) with air, in particular with compressed air, and a valve 12.

The engine operates as follows. The starting position of the taps: tap 8 is open, tap 10 is closed, tap 12 is open. Fuel, in particular diesel fuel, from tank 1 and air from the atmosphere (or tank 11) in a predetermined proportion (for example, by volume of 10% air and 90% fuel) enter dispersant 7, where they are mixed, and the resulting mixture enters the cylinder, where burned by moving the piston and doing work. During engine operation, better fuel combustion occurs due to the larger contact surface of air (even gassed) with fuel, engine power increases when working in a gassed atmosphere.

When using combustible gas as fuel in the dispersant, gas is mixed with air.

If the valve 10 is open, then when the engine is running, part of the dispersed fuel with air enters the tank 1 and only then through the pump and dispersant is burned into the cylinder.

A third option is also possible - this is pre-saturation of fuel with air when the valve is closed 8. In this case, it is advisable to carry out air saturation, for example, from an atmosphere with a low exhaust gas content (in the morning). Then the engine works, as described above, but only without air intake from the atmosphere.

When implementing the invention, the claimed technical results will be achieved.

Claims (3)

1. An internal combustion engine containing a container with fuel, a pump, a cylinder, in the cavity of which fuel is burned, a piston, a dispersant, characterized in that the dispersant is located in the pipeline between the pump and the cylinder, the internal combustion engine contains a device for intake and air input dispersant, and the dispersant contains located in the inner cavity of the dispersant rods or plates that provide mixing of fuel and air through cavitation of the mixture. 2. The internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that a valve is located in the pipeline between the dispersant and the cylinder and a pipe is connected to the pipeline between the valve and the dispersant, connected through the valve to the fuel tank. 3. The internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for intake and supply of air to the inlet of the dispersant contains a container with air, in particular with compressed air.

Images