RU2291379C1 - Cluster warhead - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: military equipment, applicable in cluster warheads of mines, bombs, rockets, in which blasting charges are used for ejection of subammunition.

SUBSTANCE: the warhead has war components, central propellant powder charge and a body consisting of the central perforated manifold and end face flanges. Holes are made in the central part of one or both end face flanges, their diameter is less than the inside diameter of the manifold, pistons are positioned in them, the positions have a cylindrical part and are made for axial motion relative to the flanges.

EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of operation and reliability of action of the warhead.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of military equipment and can be used in cluster munitions.

A technical solution is known according to US patent No. 4231293 dated 11.26.77, according to which a system for dispersing ammunition from a compact cylindrical container made of brittle material is protected, inside of which an axial support rod and a plurality of cylindrical ammunition resting around each other mounted around the support rod are installed. In the intervals between ammunition, around the carrying rod, explosive charges are located.

A technical solution is known according to the application of France No. 2664503 of 04/27/89, according to which a device is protected for ejecting containers in the radial direction relative to the container carrier, having a detonating charge with its sealing means, located along the device axis along the entire length of the container set, the containers being connected with sealing means by means of holding devices.

The aforementioned technical solutions do not provide for the regulation of the radial dispersion of submunitions (ejection at different speeds), which does not allow them to disperse uniformly over a given area with optimal density to ensure maximum combat effectiveness of the cartridge carrier.

Known design of a cluster warhead (CBC) according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2190827 dated 10.10.02, containing a housing located on its axis perforated collector with a propelling charge. On the outer surface of the collector, combat elements (BEs) are tightly stacked in rows. The holes in the collector, which gasdynamically connects the internal cavity of the collector and the surfaces of the BEs laid on it, are made under each row of BEs with a different total area proportional to the square of the BE discharge velocity. At the same time, from the ends, the collector is limited by flanges separating the CBF from adjacent compartments.

The indicated design of the CBF in terms of technical nature, the number of matching features and the achieved result is the closest analogue and adopted as a prototype.

The technical result to which the claimed invention is directed is:

- to increase the efficiency of the BCF by increasing the stability of the distribution of BE on the emission rates, provided by maintaining the integrity of the cassette of the warhead;

- to increase the reliability of operation of the CBF due to the guaranteed preservation of the connection of one or both end flanges with the collector.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the proposed technical solution:

- a hole is made in the central part of the flange (one or both) connecting the internal volume of the collector with an adjacent media compartment; the diameter of the hole is less than the inner diameter of the collector;

- a piston is located in the hole of the flange, overlapping this hole and having the possibility of free movement relative to the flange of the CBF;

- the length of the cylindrical part of the piston ("skirt") is selected on the basis of the equality of the time the piston exits beyond the flange of the control element and the time of the BE discharge process.

Distinctive features in a stable relationship of the totality of essential features allowed:

- significantly reduce the force acting on the flange of the CBF, than to ensure its safety in the process of ejection and the safety of the connection between the flange and the collector, and thereby to ensure the possibility of controlling the rate of discharge of BE from the CBF in accordance with the optimal law;

- to increase the reliability of the operation of the CBF by increasing the stability of the ejection speeds, which is due to the preservation of gas-dynamic bonds between subregions inside the cartridge.

According to the results of the analysis of the prior art, no analogues have been identified that have features similar to the claimed solution, therefore, it can be considered that the claimed CBF is new and has a sufficient inventive step. Each of the above essential features is necessary, and their combination is sufficient to achieve the novelty of the quality of the new effect, which is not inherent in the signs of their disunity.

The essence of the proposed technical solution is illustrated by the drawing, where Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a CBF with a five-row stacking of BE, and Fig. 2 is a transverse section along section AA.

KBCH contains a housing consisting of an indestructible (durable) collector 1 mounted on the KBCH axis, connected to the front 2 and rear 3 flanges. CBF is closed by a thin-walled shell 4. A thin-walled container 5 with propellant powder charge 6 is installed inside the collector. Axial igniter 7 is located along the container axis 7. BE 8 are arranged in rows around the collector rows. Supporting intermediate flanges are placed on the outer surface of the collector 9. On the side surface holes 10 are made of the collector, the number and diameter of which varies along the length of the collector, and the total area of the holes under each row of BEs is proportional to the square of the required speeds emissions for a given number of EB. In each hole on the side surface of the collector there is a sleeve with a beveled end facing the inside of the collector. Through holes in the center of the front and rear flanges are made with a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the collector, into which pistons ("glasses") 11 are installed, equipped with a robust cylindrical skirt facing the inside of the collector. Through holes can be made on the side surface of the skirt, designed to balance gas flows into adjacent compartments (bow 12 and tail 13), as well as to compensate for the propellant charge screening. The length of the cylindrical skirt, in a first approximation, is determined by the formula:

where Kf is the coefficient (from Kf ~ 0.5 to Kf ~ 2, depending on the design), P _call is the pressure in the reservoir, S _piston and M _piston are the area and mass of the piston, D _el is the diameter of the element, V _el is the average element ejection rate. In more detail, the piston parameters are selected according to the results of the calculation of the ballistic parameters of the operation of the CBF by known methods, based on the conditions for ensuring a given velocity distribution.

KBC works as follows. At a given point in the flight path of the carrier from the fuse, the propellant powder charge 6 is undermined and, under the action of its combustion products flowing through the openings 10 of the collector 1, BE 8 receive various radial pulses, as a result of which they are emitted from the CBF with different radial velocities. The shell 4 of the cassette carrier housing at the moment of detonation of the propellant powder charge 6 is removed by any of the known methods, for example, by the products of the explosion of the propellant charge expiring through the gaps between the BE. The high level of pressure of the products of the explosion of the propellant powder charge in the collector determines the independence of the rate of expiration of the combustion products from the collector from the pressure in the sub-element region of the CBF, which is ensured by the critical flow regime at a given pressure ratio inside and outside the collector.

Simultaneously with the throwing of BEs, the combustion products of the MZ gunpowder flowing out of the collector provide reliable cocking of the pyrotechnic assemblies of BE fuses in all known conditions for the use of CBFs and, penetrating through the gaps between the BEs in the superelement area of CBF, they provide (or contribute, if an additional opening device is used) opening the case compartment.

In the process of discharge of the BE, the pistons 11 freely move axially in the holes of the flanges. This ensures a decrease in the load on the flanges, since it eliminates (or, when the hole diameter is less than the inner diameter of the collector, it significantly decreases) the pressure zone on them in the manifold and the surface area of the flanges decreases. The inertia of the pistons 11 prevents the rapid release of pressure in the manifold. A slight decrease in collector pressure due to the expansion of the pistons, if necessary, can be compensated by an increase in the weight of the powder. The mass of the pistons and the length of their cylindrical part (“skirt”) are selected from the condition of equality of the time of emission of BE and the time of exit of the pistons from the collector. Evaluation of times can be made both by known methods for calculating the ballistic parameters, and experimentally - according to the test results.

Reducing the load on the flanges of the CBP due to the use of freely moving pistons, allows for minimal deformation and eliminates the possibility of their separation from the collector, which determines the stability of the parameters of the operation of the CBP.

Using the proposed technical solution allows you to more stably control the level of radial BE emission from the CBF, and, therefore, to ensure uniform dispersion of the BE on the ground, thereby increasing the efficiency of the CBF.

Positive results of field tests have confirmed the operability and reliability of the device. In particular, a more than twofold reduction in the load on the flange was achieved, the absence of its separation from the collector during the operation of the CBF, which was previously not possible to provide in other ways due to the limitations on the overall dimensions and mass of the CBF.

Claims (2)

1. A cartridge warhead containing warheads, a central propellant powder charge and a housing consisting of a central perforated collector and end flanges, characterized in that in the central part of one or both end flanges holes are made whose diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the collector and in which placed pistons having a cylindrical part and made with the possibility of their axial movement relative to the flanges. 2. The warhead according to claim 1, characterized in that through holes are made in the cylindrical part of the piston.

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