RU2291083C1 - Hull of surface displacement-type vessel and surface displacement-type vessel - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: shipbuilding; designing surface displacement-type ships.

SUBSTANCE: proposed ship has at least two interconnected hulls. Each hull has outer and inner envelopes. Outer envelope of each hull is made in form of body of revolution or combination of bodies of revolution having common axis of rotation; they are provided with paddles located on envelope generatrix. Outer envelope is so mounted relative to inner one that it should rotate under action of counter flow of water.

EFFECT: reduction of total resistance of water to motion of ship at varying running speeds.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of shipbuilding and for the construction of hulls of surface displacement vessels.

It is known that streamlined hulls of surface ships experience great resistance to movement of water. With increasing speed of the vessel, the total resistance (friction and wave drag) increases exponentially. Viscous fluid sticks to the fixed walls of the streamlined body. This leads to inhibition of the moving fluid, to the separation of the flow in the stern. As a result, friction and pressure resistance increase. In addition, with increasing speed, the wave resistance increases (EG Pavlenko. Water resistance to the movement of ships, M .: Sea transport, 1956).

To reduce the resistance to fluid movement in pipelines, in the flows flowing around underwater vehicles and ship hulls, the Toms effect is applied, which is caused by the formation of molecular solutions on the solid – liquid interface that limit flow turbulence (US patent No. 3435796, USSR copyright certificate No. 244032) .

There is a method of reducing hydrodynamic resistance to the movement of bodies, such as ships, by reducing friction in the boundary layer (USSR copyright certificate No. 364493).

The practical implementation of these inventions is extremely complex and does not completely solve the problem of water resistance to ship movement, since in addition to frictional resistance, the hull of a surface vessel experiences wave drag increasing with speed.

A model is also known, the design of which is two cylinders connected by a plate (V.I. Merkulov. Familiar and Unfamiliar Hydrodynamics, M., 1989. p. 72).

The cylinders rotate in the direction of fluid flow at a flow rate. Moreover, their peripheral speed is exactly equal to the fluid velocity near the cylinders, i.e. cylinders do not accelerate or inhibit fluid.

This model allows you to reduce movement resistance by five times.

The design of the model described in the work cannot be used to create hulls of surface ships, because The model works when completely immersed in a liquid.

The purpose of the invention is the reduction of the total resistance of water to the movement of displacement vessels at various speeds.

The goal is achieved in that the hull is made in the form of a body of revolution or a combination of bodies of revolution having one common axis of rotation.

The essence of the invention is as follows.

The hull of the surface displacement vessel includes an outer and inner shell, while the outer shell of the hull is made in the form of a body of revolution or a combination of bodies of revolution having one common axis of rotation, with plates located on the shell forming, the outer shell is mounted relative to the inner shell with rotation counter flow of water.

The essence of the invention is also as follows.

A surface displacement vessel contains at least two hulls connected to each other, each of which includes an outer and inner shell, while the outer shell of each hull is made in the form of a body of revolution or a combination of bodies of revolution having one common axis of rotation, located on forming the shell with tiles, and the outer shell is installed relative to the inner shell with the possibility of rotation under the action of a counter flow of water.

The design of the rotating casing, each point of the surface of which can move downstream, in a tangent plane reduces the resistance of water to movement. Resistance to the movement of a rotating body is determined by the viscosity of the liquid — friction resistance, and the formation of waves — wave resistance.

For a viscous fluid:

- at the points on the surface of the fixed wall, the fluid velocity is zero (conditions for adhesion of the boundary layer);

- at the surface points of the moving wall, the fluid velocity is equal to the velocity of the corresponding wall point.

These conditions determine the laminar fluid flow in the rotating hull of the vessel.

Studies have shown that the magnitude of the waves generated by the movement of the rotating body, and the flow associated with the body, are negligible. This suggests that the wave resistance to motion is small.

The increase in the size of the rotating body and the speed of the oncoming flow will reduce the resistance of water to movement, inversely proportional to the square root of these values.

The rotating hull of a displacement vessel may be single or composed of a plurality of interconnected hulls, similar to single ones. Such a variety of designs is explained by the possibility of an optimal choice of vessel architecture.

The presented drawing schematically depicts the proposed hull of a surface displacement vessel, consisting of outer and inner shells.

The outer shell 1 of the hull of the surface displacement vessel is rotated by the counter flow F in the direction W by the plates 2 located on the generatrix of the outer shell of the hull near the surface of the water.

At points on the surface of a rotating body, the fluid velocity is equal to the average velocity of the corresponding points. Due to this, the rotating body does not experience much resistance to movement of water.

The movement of the device is carried out by engines 3 in the direction of the thrust R.

The outer shell 1 of the housing rotates on bearings 4 around a fixed shaft 5.

The ballast 7 is located in the fixed shell 6 of the body (in its lower part). The low location of the center of gravity of the central heating unit and the position of the center of magnitude of the CV relative to the GVL cargo water line shown in the diagram makes the structure of the housing absolutely stable.

The placement of cargo in compartment 8 is effective for the tanker, as the cargo is protected by two shells 1 and 6 of the housing.

Due to the small wetting surface, the advantage of the housing, the outer shell of which is made in the form of a body of revolution, with an unsteady counter flow of liquid, is a small resistance to movement of water.

In addition, the hull of such a vessel has great strength, which reduces the metal structure.

Conducted towing tests of the model of the proposed hull of a surface displacement vessel showed an effective reduction in water resistance to movement at different speeds.

Claims (2)

1. The hull of a surface displacement vessel, including the outer and inner shells, characterized in that the outer shell of the hull is made in the form of a body of revolution or a combination of bodies of revolution having one common axis of rotation, with plates located on the shell forming, while the outer shell is installed relative to the inner shells with the possibility of rotation under the action of a counter flow of water. 2. A surface displacement vessel containing at least two hulls connected to each other, each of which includes an outer and inner shell, characterized in that the outer shell of each hull is made in the form of a body of revolution or a combination of bodies of revolution having one common axis rotation, with plates located on the generatrix of the shell, while the outer shell is mounted relative to the inner shell with the possibility of rotation under the action of a counter flow of water.