RU2289692C1 - Device for taking samples of liquid from a well - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hydro-geological well research.

SUBSTANCE: device has cable suspension, rod with diaphragms in form of plugs, cylindrically shaped body, mounted on external side of upper diaphragm with possible longitudinal movement. A stop is provided on exterior of rod from above. Between aforementioned stop and diaphragm on external surface of rod circular recesses are made, which in terms of amount and distance between one another are equal to amount of diaphragms and distance between diaphragms. Body is provided with apertures in upper section, which from outside are closed by bushing spring-loaded upwardly, made with possible limited downward movement and provided with circular recess. Aforementioned spring in lower part is abutted against external circular recess of body. Balls are mounted in apertures of body, in transport position interacting with circular recesses of rod and with internal surface of bushing, and in working position - with external surface of rod and with circular recess of bushing. In upper section of body, cylindrical chamber is mounted with technological recess outside, connected from above to cable suspension, below which technological apertures are made, and from below - to rod with possible limited upward movement. Outside the chamber, a barrel is mounted with spring localizers and a pin interacting with recess. Barrel is made with possible interaction with bushing in working position, and rod is provided with channel, connecting internal hollows of body and chamber. Recess is made in form of longitudinal grooves successively extended in downward direction and connected by profiled groove.

EFFECT: increased reliability and sample separation quality.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hydrogeological studies of wells, and in particular to a technique for sampling fluid from wells with different depth levels.

A known sampler (copyright certificate SU No. 924362, IPC 7 E 21 B 49/08, publ. BI No. 16 of 04/30/1982), including a housing, a receiving chamber, spring-loaded upper and lower valves, a sealed working chamber, while he equipped with two pistons, rigidly connected to the rods with valves and installed in a working chamber filled with gas under atmospheric pressure, and the receiving chamber is filled with compressed gas, and the lower piston has a channel for communicating the working chamber with the external environment at the upper position of the piston and a piston stroke limiter,made in the form of a sleeve fixed with a shear pin on the stock.

The disadvantages of this device:

firstly, the complexity of the design, due to the presence of a large number of nodes and technically complex parts;

secondly, such a structural element as a check is cut off only at a certain pressure, which must be achieved, otherwise the sampler will not work, and this significantly reduces the reliability of its operation;

thirdly, the presence of a large number of technologically complex parts that require high precision manufacturing, which leads to an increase in the cost of the design of the device as a whole.

A known sampler (copyright certificate SU No. 1461899, IPC 7 E 21 B 49/08, publ. BI No. 8 of 02.28.1989), comprising a housing with a suspension and a receiving chamber with valves, a valve drive mechanism with an emphasis in contact with the walls wells, and a rod with a protrusion spring-loaded relative to the housing and interacting with the valves of the receiving chamber. The sampler is equipped with a ball lock made in the form of a step sleeve spring-loaded relative to the housing, inside of which there is a separator with balls, rigidly fixed to the upper part of the housing and to the suspension, and the emphasis is made of elastic material in the form of a hollow cone, turned downward and mounted on the upper part step sleeve, while the hollow cone is made with the possibility of contact of its outer surface with the walls of the well and turning the inner surface out, and the rod is placed inside the sep Rathore and mounted for fixing relative to the body in the lower position in contact with the protrusion of the separator beads stem and the interior surface of small diameter stepped bushing.

The disadvantages of this device are:

firstly, the complexity of the design, due to the large number of nodes and parts;

secondly, with large alternating loads, the spring elements can break and fail, in connection with which the reliability of the sampler as a whole decreases;

thirdly, assembly is possible only in a specialized workshop, which causes additional costs.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the proposed one is a device for sampling fluid from a well (copyright certificate SU No. 1698432, IPC 7 E 21 V 49/08, publ. BI No. 46 dated 12/15/1991), including suspended on cable suspension rod with upper and lower diaphragms made in the form of plugs, a cylindrical body mounted on the outer side of the diaphragm with the possibility of longitudinal movement when interacting with a messenger cargo, while it is equipped with additional diaphragms installed on and the rod between the upper and lower diaphragms, and additional messenger loads, and the body is spring-loaded relative to the rod, while the additional diaphragms are mounted on the rod with the possibility of movement and fixing relative to the latter.

The disadvantages of the design are:

- firstly, the need for constant monitoring of the spring stiffness, the strength characteristics of which change over time. In addition, the weight of the cargo that is discharged from the wellhead to the device depends on the density of the wellbore fluid, which is not amenable to control during sampling. Due to the above factors, the reliability of the device as a whole is reduced;

- secondly, if at least one of the seals of the additional diaphragm is not tight, then the samples are mixed, and therefore the quality of the samples taken is reduced.

An object of the invention is to increase the reliability of the device regardless of external factors and to improve the quality of separation of selected samples.

The technical problem is solved by the proposed device for sampling fluid from a well, including cable suspension, a rod with diaphragms made in the form of plugs, a cylindrical body mounted on the outside of the upper diaphragm with the possibility of longitudinal movement.

What is new is that the rod is equipped with a stop on the outside from above and ring samples are made between the stop and the upper diaphragm on its outer surface, which are equal in number and distance to the number of diaphragms and the distance between the diaphragms, while the case at the top is equipped with holes that are outside covered by a spring-loaded sleeve made with limited downward movement and equipped with an annular groove upward on the inner surface, with ricks interacting in the transport position with the annular rod samples and the inner surface of the sleeve, and in the working one with the outer surface of the rod and the annular groove of the sleeve, with a cylindrical chamber with a technological groove on the outside connected to the cable suspension from above, under which technological holes, and from the bottom with the stem with the possibility of limited upward movement due to the stop of the rod, and a cup with spring centros is installed outside the cylindrical chamber with a pin interacting with the technological groove, the cup is made to interact with the sleeve in the working position, and the stem is equipped with a channel communicating the internal cavities of the housing and the cylindrical chamber, and the technological groove is made in the form of longitudinally extending downward longitudinal grooves connected by a figured groove so that when the reciprocating movement of the glass relative to the cylindrical chamber, the pin is made with the possibility of sequential movement in an increasingly long a longitudinal groove, while moving the pin in each longitudinal groove downward corresponds to the operating position of the device, starting from the second longitudinal groove.

Also new is the fact that the number of longitudinal grooves of a technological groove is at least one greater than the number of diaphragms.

Figure 1 shows the proposed device in longitudinal section.

Figure 2 shows the technological groove made on the outer surface of the cylindrical chamber.

A device for sampling fluid from a well (see FIG. 1) consists of a cable suspension 1, a rod 2 with diaphragms 3 made in the form of plugs, a cylindrical body 4 mounted on the outside of the upper diaphragm 3 with the possibility of longitudinal movement.

The diaphragms 3 are made in the form of annular pistons installed at the bottom of each cylinder 5 of the housing 1, while the sub-piston cavity 14 (under the diaphragms 3) of each of the cylinders 5 is connected through the channel 6 with the valve 7 with the internal space of the well (not shown in the figures), and above the piston cavity 15 of the cylinder 5 is communicated through the through holes 16 of the rod 2 with the low pressure chamber 8.

Technological groove 10 is made in the form of successively elongated down longitudinal grooves 17; 17 '; 17 "; 17" 'connected by a figured groove 18; eighteen'; 18 "; 18" 'so that when the reciprocating movement of the sleeve 11 relative to the housing 4, the pin 13 sequentially moves into an increasingly long longitudinal groove 17 - 17' - 17 "- 17 '", while sequentially opening one cylinder channel 6 5 from top to bottom.

Unauthorized fluid flows on the mating surfaces of the parts are excluded by the sealing rings 19, 20, 21.

A device for sampling fluid from a well works as follows.

At the wellhead (not shown in the figures), the device is installed in the transport position - the pin 13 is placed in the figured groove 18 of the technological groove 10 (see figure 2). Then the device through the cable suspension 1 (see figure 1) on the cable 22 is lowered into the well (in figures 1 and 2 not shown) for sampling fluid. During the descent, the spring centralizers 12 of the sleeve 11 are constantly in contact with the inner wall of the well, and the fluid in the well flows freely upward through the space between the inner walls of the well and the device.

The device must be lowered below the liquid level in the well (not shown in the figures) by at least 10 meters to activate valve 7 of cylinder 5, and sampling can be carried out both from top to bottom and from bottom to top. If necessary, you can remove the device from the well after descent without sampling fluid.

For example, consider the case of sampling fluid from a well from the bottom up.

Having lowered the device into the well at the lowest interval of fluid sampling, the device is lifted up by about 0.5 meter from the wellhead by a rope 22 and lowered.

As a result, the device, with the exception of parts 11, 12, 13, which are in a fixed position due to the contact of the spring centralizer 12 with the inner wall of the borehole, makes a reciprocating movement, and the pin 13 moves along the technological groove 10 made on the outer surface of the hollow shaft 9 of the housing 4 from the figured groove 18 through the shortest axial longitudinal groove 17 into the figured groove 18 '.

To start sampling a liquid, the device is raised by about 1 meter, during the lifting process, the pin 13 moves from the curly groove 18 'down to the axial longitudinal groove 17', which is 0.5 meters longer than the axial longitudinal groove 17, while the housing 4 moves upward relative to the sleeve 11, allowing access to the valve 7 of the upper cylinder 5.

Due to the pressure drop Δ P inside and outside the upper cylinder 5, the valve 7 opens and the fluid sample located in the well through the channel 6 begins to flow into the sub-piston cavity 14 of the upper cylinder 5 from a given sampling interval.

As fluid samples enter the upper cylinder 5, the diaphragm 3, made in the form of an annular piston, rises up due to the communication of the supra-piston cavity 15 of the cylinder 5 through the through holes 16 of the rod 2 with the low pressure chamber 8.

The flow of fluid into the piston cavity 14 of the upper cylinder 5 will end when the diaphragm 3 abuts against the upper end 23 of the cylinder 5 and seals through the opening 16 of the rod 2 through the sealing rings 20 and 21, while the valve 7 of the upper cylinder 5 closes. From practical experience, 1-2 minutes is enough to fill the cylinder 5, and the deeper the device is located below the liquid level in the well, the greater the pressure drop Δ P and the less time is required to fill the cylinder 5.

To take a fluid sample from the next upper interval of the well, the device is raised from the wellhead to a predetermined interval by a rope 22, after which the device is lowered by 1 meter, and then raised by 1.5 meters.

As a result, the device, with the exception of parts 11, 12, 13, which are in a fixed position due to the contact of the spring centralizer 12 with the inner wall of the borehole, makes a reciprocating movement, and the pin 13 moves along the technological groove 10 made on the outer surface of the hollow shaft 9 of the housing 4, from the axial longitudinal groove 17 'through the figured groove 18 "into the axial longitudinal groove 17", which is 0.5 meters longer than the axial longitudinal groove 17', while the housing 4 is shifted even higher relative to the sleeve 11, allowing access to the valve 7 of the middle cylinder 5.

The sequence and technology of filling the middle cylinder 5 is similar to filling the upper cylinder 5, and liquid does not enter the upper cylinder 5 during the filling of the middle cylinder 5, since it was previously filled with a sample of fluid from the lower interval of the well.

To take a fluid sample from the next upper interval of the well, the device is raised from the wellhead to a predetermined interval by a rope 22, then lowered by 1.5 meters, and then raised by 2 meters.

As a result, the device, with the exception of parts 11, 12, 13, which are in a fixed position due to the contact of the spring centralizer 12 with the inner wall of the well, makes a reciprocating movement, and the pin 13 moves along the technological groove 10 made on the outer surface of the hollow shaft 9 from axial longitudinal groove 17 "through the curly groove 18 '" into the axial longitudinal groove 17' ", which is 0.5 meters longer than the axial longitudinal groove 17", and the housing 4 rises even higher relative to the sleeve 11, opening I access to the valve 7 secondary cylinder 5, the lower end 24 of the sleeve 11 cooperates with an annular sample 25 formed at the lower end of the hollow shank 9.

The sequence and technology of filling the lower cylinder 5 is similar to filling the upper and middle cylinders 5, and liquid does not enter the upper and middle cylinders 5 during the filling of the lower cylinder 5, since they were previously filled with a sample of fluid from the lower intervals of the well.

In the process of sampling fluid from the well, the housing 4 is displaced upward relative to the sleeve 11.

The proposed sampler has high reliability, since its operation does not depend on external factors, in addition, the cylinders into which the borehole fluid is taken from various depths of the borehole are hermetically separated from each other, which improves the separation quality of the selected samples.

Claims (2)

1. A device for sampling fluid from a well, including a rope suspension, a rod with diaphragms made in the form of plugs, a cylindrical body mounted on the outside of the upper diaphragm with the possibility of longitudinal movement, characterized in that the rod is equipped with an abutment from above from above and between the emphasis and the upper diaphragm on its outer surface are made ring samples, which are equal in number and distance to each other respectively the number of diaphragms and the distance between the diaphragms, with the case up u is equipped with holes that are externally blocked by an upward-loaded sleeve made with limited downward movement and equipped with an annular groove upward on the inner surface, and balls are installed in the body openings that interact in the transport position with the ring rod samples and the inner surface of the sleeve, and in the working with the outer surface of the rod and the annular groove of the sleeve, while on top of the casing there is a cylindrical chamber with a technological groove outside, connected I am on top with a rope suspension under which the technological holes are made, and below - with the rod with the possibility of limited upward movement due to the rod stop, and a cup with spring centralizers and a pin interacting with the technological groove is installed outside the cylindrical chamber, while the cup is made with the possibility of interaction with the sleeve in the working position, and the rod is equipped with a channel communicating the internal cavity of the housing and the cylindrical chamber, and the technological groove is made in the form of a of longitudinally extending down longitudinal grooves connected by a figured groove so that upon reciprocating movement of the cup relative to the cylindrical chamber, the pin is arranged to move sequentially into an increasingly long longitudinal groove, while moving the pin in each longitudinal groove downward corresponds to the operating position of the device, starting with second longitudinal groove. 2. A device for sampling from a well according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of longitudinal grooves of the technological groove is at least one greater than the number of diaphragms.

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