RU2288755C1 - Device for radionuclide surgery - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medical facilities.

SUBSTANCE: device can be used as a tool for malignant tumors surgery. Device for radionuclide surgery has gamma radiation detector, collimator and handle. Wire of detector is connected with measuring unit. Gamma radiation detector is fixed in metal tip with sharpened side edge, which passes in plane being perpendicular to optical axis of gamma radiation detector. Detector is made in form of semiconductor crystal; two collimators adjoin opposite surfaces of crystal. Collimators have cells which pass in parallel to optical axis of gamma detector. Measuring unit has electronic circuit with sonic signal source.

EFFECT: ability of reaching area of lesion for removing it.

4 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to medical equipment, more specifically to instruments specifically designed for use in surgery of malignant neoplasms.

A device for surgery is known, containing a metal tip with a pointed lateral edge mounted on the handle [1]. This device is intended for general surgery and cannot be used for targeted access to the lesion site containing radionuclides, since it does not have detectors for intraoperative radiometry.

A device for radionuclide surgery Neo 2000 production of the company "Ethicon Ltd." (Great Britain) [2]. It is specially designed for use in the surgery of malignant neoplasms.

The closest in design to the claimed object is a device for radionuclide surgery containing a gamma radiation detector, having a photodiode optically coupled to a scintillator and a collimator, mounted on a handle, inside which passes an electric wire connecting the gamma radiation detector with a connector connected by a flexible wire to the measuring unit [3].

This analogue [3] was chosen by us as a prototype.

The main disadvantage of the device for radionuclide surgery, which we adopted as a prototype, as well as an analogue [2], is that there is no element in its design that allows the surgeon to make targeted access to the lesion site containing the radionuclide in order to excise it.

The aim of the present invention is to provide a device for radionuclide surgery, which provides the possibility of targeted access to the lesion containing a radionuclide, to remove it.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in a device for radionuclide surgery containing a gamma radiation detector, equipped with a collimator, mounted in a handle, inside which passes an electric wire connecting the gamma radiation detector with a connector connected by a flexible wire to the measuring unit, a gamma radiation detector fixed in a metal tip with a pointed lateral edge extending in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the gamma detector, and made in the form of a semiconductor crystal with adjacent and to opposite sides of its working surfaces of the two collimators, wherein the collimators comprise a cell, extending parallel to the optical axis of a gamma detector and the measuring unit is provided with circuitry to a source of audio signal.

The invention is further illustrated by drawings and a description thereof.

Figure 1 is a general view of the proposed device, and figure 2 shows a gamma-sensitive scalpel (the manual part of the proposed device): figure 2, a is a side view; figure 2, b - section aa figure 2, a; figure 2, in - view along arrow In figure 2, a.

The proposed device for radionuclide surgery consists of two parts, a hand tool - a gamma-sensitive scalpel 1 and a measuring unit 2, equipped with a digital display 3 (figure 1). Gamma-sensitive scalpel 1 is connected to the measuring unit 2 by a flexible electric wire 4.

Gamma-sensitive scalpel 1 has a tip 5 made of surgical steel, with a pointed lateral edge 6 (figure 2). The tip 5 is rigidly connected to the handle 7. The lateral surfaces of the handle 7 are closed by applicators 8 having a rough surface. They provide reliable contact of the instrument with the surgeon's hand. In the upper part of the tip 5 there is a through hole 9 of a round shape, inside which a gamma radiation detector 10 is fixed. It consists of a semiconductor cadmium-teluride crystal (CdTl) 11 and two collimators 12 and 13. The collimators 12, 13 are made of high atomic material number, for example tungsten. They are adjacent to the working surfaces of the crystal 11. Each collimator contains cells 14 that are parallel to the optical axis ii of the detector 10. The pointed edge 6 of the tip 5 is in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis ii of the detector 10. This design of the collimators 12, 13 protects the crystal 11 of the detector 10 from oblique rays that reduce the sensitivity of the device. Cells 14 of the collimators are filled with gamma-transparent and biologically neutral material, for example fluoroplastic. It protects the cells of 14 collimators from the ingress of blood particles during the operation. The outer surface of each of the collimators 12, 13 has an oval and streamlined shape. Such a technical solution reduces the resistance of biological tissues during the operation. Inside the tip 5 and the handle 7 passes a channel 15 for the wire 16 connecting the crystal 11 of the detector 10 with an electrical connector 17 fixed to the base of the handle 7.

In the measuring unit 2, the processing of electrical signals coming from the detector 10 of the gamma-sensitive scalpel 1 is performed, and the resulting information is displayed on the digital display 3 (Fig. 1). In addition, in the measuring unit 2 there is an electronic circuit with a sound signal source, the level of which depends on the intensity of gamma radiation.

A device for radionuclide surgery is used as follows.

Before surgery, a small dose of a radioactive colloid is introduced along the perimeter of the tumor, for example technetium - 99 (half-life - 6 hours). About an hour after the colloid is introduced using a gamma-ray detector, such as Neo 2000, the surgeon performs a transdermal scan of the axillary zone to determine the source of radioactivity. A place with the highest signal coming, for example, from a sentinel lymph node, is fixed on the patient’s body. Using a gamma-sensitive scalpel 1, which is part of the device for radionuclide surgery, the doctor makes a dissection of the tissues and carries out targeted exit to the lesion. The surgeon determines the target point by the maximum level of the sound signal and the readings on the display 3 of the measuring unit 2. Next, the surgeon excises the affected area in the patient's body. A gamma-sensitive scalpel allows the surgeon to perform surgery with less injuries in a shorter time.

Information sources

1. Illustrated catalog "SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS" of the company "SKLAR - WITTE GMBH", 1973. - C.365.

2. Neo 2000 gamma radiation detector. - Prospectus of Ethicon Ltd. (Great Britain), 2003

3. Fougeres P., Kazandjian A., Prat V., Simon H., Ricard M., Bede J. Sentinel node in cancer diagnosis with surgical probes // Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, 2001. - A 458. - P.-34-40.

Claims (4)

1. A device for radionuclide surgery, comprising a gamma radiation detector connected by a wire through a connector to the measuring unit, a collimator and a handle, characterized in that the gamma radiation detector is mounted in a metal tip with a pointed lateral edge extending in the plane perpendicular to the gamma-axis optical axis detector, and is made in the form of a semiconductor crystal with two collimators adjacent to the opposite sides of its working surfaces, while the collimators contain cells passing pairs Along the optical axis of the gamma detector, and the measuring unit is equipped with an electronic circuit with a sound source. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the semiconductor crystal is cadmium-teluride (CdTl). 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the collimator cells are filled with gamma-transparent and biologically neutral material. 4. The device according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the outer surface of each of the collimators has an oval and streamlined shape.

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