RU2287743C1 - System for supplying heat and cold water - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heat and water supply systems.

SUBSTANCE: system comprises main pipelines for heat and cold water supply connected with the pipelines distributing the hot and cold water in the building through hot and cold water flow meters, and individual heat supply systems. The individual heat supply systems are additionally provided with a heat-transforming member connected with the supplying and return stand pipes of heat supply system and stand pipe of cold water supply system and individual heat supply system and mixer with the circulating pipeline of the hot water supply system that is provided with circulation pump and surge tank. The heat-transforming member has at least two heat exchangers. One space of the first heat exchanger is connected to circulation pipeline for hot water supply, and the inlet and outlet of the other space is connected with the supplying stand pipe of hot water supply system. One space the second heat exchanger is connected with the mixer and stand pipe of the system of cold water supply, and the inlet and outlet of the other space are connected with the supplying stand pipe and return pipeline of the individual heating system and return stand pipe of the hot water supply system.

EFFECT: enhanced efficiency.

5 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to techniques for heating, ventilation, hot and cold water supply and heat supply.

Known systems for supplying a building with heat and cold water, which contain heat and cold water main pipelines connected to the building, connected through shut-off valves and, respectively, through cold water supply pipelines throughout the building and supply and return heat supply pipelines connected to consumers via risers, respectively, with mixers cold water supply, connected to the circulation pipeline of hot water supply, and individual system heating (see Designer Handbook Internal Sanitary Devices, Part 1 "Heating, Plumbing, Sewerage", edited by IG Staroverov - M .: Stroyizdat, 1975, pp. 70-102).

In connection with the need to determine the amount of heat and cold and hot water consumed by each consumer, systems for supplying heat and cold water to the building have recently appeared, which contain heat and cold water supply pipelines connected to the building, connected through shut-off valves and, accordingly, through a heat meter and a water meter with cold water supply pipelines distributing throughout the building and supply and return heat supply pipelines connected to consumers COROLLARY riser respectively with mixers cold water, connected to the circulation piping hot water and individual heating systems (see. SniP "HVAC" SNIP 2.04.05-91 * p.3.15).

These systems have the following disadvantages:

- They provide an account of the consumed amount of heat and cold water, but require an increased number of heat meters and water meters (for hot water supply - a water meter and a heat meter; and for a heating system - a heat meter).

- They do not provide the consumer with heating of the supply air during the organization of forced ventilation, which, when introducing sealed double-glazed windows, becomes an urgent need. And if there is a need for a ventilation device, it is additionally necessary to organize additional laying from shut-off valves and a heat meter to the consumer of the heat supply pipes of the supply air air heaters with the installation of additional heat meters on the hoses.

- In addition, with modern construction practice, when the consumer cannot, at his discretion, decide on the temperature regime in the premises by installing heated floors without adversely affecting other systems (hot water supply).

The proposed system allows to avoid these drawbacks and, in addition, to increase the efficiency of accounting for thermal energy consumed by the consumer, while increasing their functionality.

In the industrial production of thermotransforming units, the quality is increased and the construction time is reduced, and operating conditions are improved.

These positive qualities of the proposed system are achieved by the fact that the system of supplying the building with heat and cold water, containing heat and cold water supply pipelines connected to the building, connected through shut-off valves and, respectively, through a heat meter and water meter with cold water supply pipelines leading to the building and supply and return pipelines heating pipelines connected to consumers through risers, respectively, with cold water mixers connected to the hot water circulation pipe, and individual heating systems, each consumer is additionally equipped with thermo-transforming units installed in the places where consumers are connected to the risers, which are connected on the one hand to the supply and return heating pipes and the cold water riser, and on the other hand, to the individual system heating and mixer with a circulation pipe of hot water supply, the last mounted circulation pump and expand ny tank; moreover, the thermotransforming unit includes at least two heat exchangers, one of which is included in the circulation pipe of the hot water supply with one cavity, the other is connected at the inlet and outlet to the supply riser of the heat supply; and the second heat exchanger - one cavity connected to the mixer and the cold water riser, and the other cavity - at the inlet respectively to the supply riser and the return pipe of the individual heating system, and at the outlet - to the return heating riser, in addition, the thermotransforming unit can be additionally equipped

a) a pump mixing device connected respectively to an individual heating system and to the supply and return risers of the heat supply;

b) an air heater having a pump mixing device connected to the supply and return risers of the heat supply;

c) air and water heaters, the cavities of which are interconnected by a circulation ring with a pump and an expansion tank, and the second cavity of the water heater is connected to the risers;

d) an expansion tank and a heating heat exchanger, which is connected through one pump to the individual heating system and the other to the supply and return risers, and the expansion tank is connected to the individual heating system.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, presented in figures 1-7.

Figure 1 - system of supplying the building with heat and cold water (circuit diagram);

figure 2 is a diagram of a thermotransforming unit made for individual hot water supply systems based on heat exchangers, and for individual heating and ventilation systems of a consumer, connected directly to the supply and return riser pipes;

figure 3 is a diagram of a thermotransforming unit made for individual hot water supply systems based on heat exchangers, and for individual heating and ventilation systems of a consumer with pump mixing devices;

4 is a diagram of a thermotransforming unit made for individual hot water supply systems based on heat exchangers, and for individual heating systems with pump mixing devices;

5 is a diagram of a thermotransforming unit made for individual hot water supply systems and individual heating and ventilation systems of a consumer based on heat exchangers;

figure 6 - symbols;

7 is an exemplary layout of a thermotransforming unit.

The systems and diagrams of thermotransforming units shown in the drawings can be supplemented by various combinations (from those indicated in the drawings) of connecting individual systems to risers.

The building's heat and cold water supply system contains heat and (2) and cold (3) water supply pipelines connected to the building (1), which are through shut-off valves (4, 5, 6,) and through a heat meter (7) and a water meter (8 ) are connected to the cold water supply pipelines spreading through the building and the supply and return (9, 10, 11) heat supply pipelines. The risers (12) of cold water supply and (13, 14) of heat supply, respectively, depart from these pipelines to consumers. The first of which (12) are connected to the mixers (15) connected to the circulation (16) pipeline of the hot water supply system. The risers (13, 14) are connected to individual heating systems (17).

According to the invention, the system of supplying the building with heat and cold water for each consumer is additionally equipped with thermotransforming units (18), which are connected on the one hand to the supply and return risers of the heat supply (13, 14) and the riser of cold water supply (12), and on the other hand to the individual heating system (17) and a mixer (15) with a circulation pipe (16), on which a circulation pump (19) and an expansion tank (20) are mounted. The thermotransforming unit consists of at least two heat exchangers (21, 22), one of which (21) is connected by one cavity to the circulation pipe (16) of hot water supply, and the other cavity is connected at the inlet and outlet to the heat supply riser (13). The second heat exchanger (22) is connected in one cavity to the mixer (15) and the cold water riser (12), and the other at the inlet to the supply and return heat risers, respectively, and at the outlet to the return heat riser (14). Alternatively, the thermotransforming unit can be additionally equipped with a pump mixing device (23), connected respectively to an individual (17) heating system and to the supply and return risers (13, 14) of the heat supply. If the building supply system with heat and cold water is entrusted with the task of supplying consumers with heated supply ventilation air, then the thermotransforming unit is additionally equipped with an air heater (24) having a pump mixing device (25) connected to the supply and return risers (13, 14) of the heat supply .

Sometimes, when overpressure is not allowed in individual heating systems, the thermotransforming unit should be performed with an expansion tank (26) and a heating heat exchanger (27), which is connected to the individual heating system (17) through one pump (28) and the other to heat supply and return risers (13, 14), and the expansion tank (26) is connected to the individual heating system (17).

The heat supply of the air heaters (24, 29) can be carried out in a closed system, for which it is necessary to equip the thermotransforming unit with air and water heaters (28, 29), the cavities of which are interconnected by a circulation ring (30) with a pump (31) and an expansion tank (32 ), and the second cavity of the water heater (29) is connected to the risers (13, 14) of the heat supply.

Depending on the conditions of use of the unit, the latter can be equipped with:

33 - pressure regulators,

34 - individual water meters,

35 - water filters,

36 - balancing cranes,

37 - individual shut-off valves,

38 - individual heat meters of the consumer,

39 - differential pressure regulators,

40 - check valves,

41 - circulation pumps

42 - control valves

43 - air temperature sensors,

43w - water temperature sensors,

44 - flow switch,

45 - three-way control valves,

46 - bypass valves.

The system of supplying the building with heat and cold water works as follows.

Heat carrier is supplied and discharged through main pipelines 2 supplied to building 1, and cold water is supplied through main pipeline 3 for water supply purposes. Next, the coolant and cold water through the shutoff valves 4, 5, 6, and through the heat meter 7 and the water meter 8 enter the pipelines distributing the coolant through the building to the supply and return risers 13, 14 and cold water to the risers 12. The risers 13, 14 are connected to individual heating systems 17 of each consumer, and mixers 15 are connected to the riser of cold water supply 12, to which a circulation pipe 16 of hot water supply is connected at each consumer. According to the invention, at each consumer, at the points where the risers are connected to individual heating systems and water mixers, thermo-transforming units 18 are connected to the risers 12, 13, 14 of water and heat supply systems and to individual heating systems and a hot water circulation pipe 16 with a mixer 15. Thermo-transforming units are intended for thermal transformation (changes in temperature and amount of heat, pressure of the working medium in individual sweat systems faucet, preparing hot water for the hot water supply system and ensuring that the temperature and the required flow rate are constant in it) of the heat supplied to the consumer through the risers 13, 14 of the heat supply, depending on consumer requirements. As a rule, the thermotransforming unit contains at least two heat exchangers 21, 22. The heat exchanger 21 is included in one circulation cavity in the hot water circulation pipe 16 and the other cavity is connected at the inlet and outlet to the supply riser (13) of the heat supply. The heat carrier entering the heat exchanger is then used to maintain the temperature of the heat carrier in individual heating and ventilation systems using heat exchangers or pump mixing devices. Only hot water circulates and warms through this heat exchanger, which has cooled in the pipelines of the hot water supply system, thereby providing constant temperature water to the mixer. The heat exchanger 22 in one cavity is connected to the mixer 15 and the riser 12, and the other cavity is connected at the inlet to the supply and return risers 13, 14; at the outlet - only to the back riser 14. This heat exchanger provides, in the presence of a water intake through mixer 15, heating of cold water supply to the required temperature of the hot water supply system. The connection of the heat exchanger at the inlet of the heat carrier simultaneously to the return and supply risers with the equipment of this connection by check valves 40, circulation pump 41, control valves 42, and bypass valves 46 allows the rational use of the temperature potential of the return heating water for preparing hot water in the water supply system.

The temperature of the water heating is regulated by means of water sensors 43w and control valves 42 in combination with a bypass valve 46.

The heating of the circulating water of the hot water supply system is provided by the supply coolant intended for individual heating, ventilation and domestic hot water systems. Regulation is carried out by a regulating three-way. Further, the heat carrier after the heat exchanger 21 is used in individual heating, ventilation systems and in the DHW heat exchanger.

Individual heating and ventilation systems can be connected directly to the supply and return risers 13, 14 of the heat supply (figure 2). In this case, in the thermotransforming unit 18, control valves 42 are provided for each system, controlled by a signal from the air temperature sensors 43 at the consumer. Sometimes, when it is not directly possible to use a heat carrier with the available temperatures in terms of temperature parameters, the thermotransforming units can be equipped with pump mixing devices (Fig. 3), which, by the signal of the air temperature sensor 43, regulate the temperature of the heat carrier entering the individual systems by control valves 42 ( three-way valves 45) and bypass valves 46.

If the hydrostatic pressure in the system is high and cannot be reduced, the equipment of individual systems cannot withstand it. That thermotransforming unit must necessarily contain heat exchangers (Figs. 4, 5), and individual systems connected to heat exchangers are equipped with circulation pumps 41, and control valves 42 operating on the signal from air temperature sensors 43 installed at the consumer are placed on the heat carrier inlets to the heat exchangers .

At the input of the connection lines of the thermotransforming units to the risers 12, 13, 14, each consumer has a pressure regulator 33, an individual water meter 34, a water filter 35, a shut-off valve 37, respectively, on the cold water supply line, and on the communication lines of the thermotransforming units with the riser 13, 14 - differential pressure controller 39, individual heat meters 38, balancing valve 36, filters 35, shut-off valves 37.

Due to the fact that in the proposed system, in comparison with the known ones, three pipelines (supply and return coolant pipelines and a cold water supply pipeline) are supplied to the consumer instead of 5 (1 supply and 2 return coolant pipelines and cold, hot water supply pipelines 3, 4, 5 and DHW circulation) we offer to designate the system as the "3T" system.

Claims (5)

1. A system for supplying heat and cold water to a building, containing heat and cold water main pipelines connected to the building, connected through shut-off valves and, respectively, through a heat meter and water meter to the cold water supply pipelines throughout the building and the supply and return heat supply pipelines connected to consumers through risers, respectively, with cold water mixers connected to the hot water circulation pipe, and individually heating systems, characterized in that the system for each consumer is additionally equipped with thermo-transforming units installed at the points where consumers are connected to the risers, which are connected on one side to the supply and return heating pipes and the cold water riser, and on the other hand, to an individual heating system and a mixer with a circulation pipe for hot water supply; a circulation pump and an expansion tank are mounted on the latter; moreover, the thermotransforming unit includes at least two heat exchangers, one of which is connected by a cavity to the circulation pipe of the hot water supply, the other is connected at the inlet and outlet to the supply riser, and the second heat exchanger is connected to the mixer and the cold water riser by one cavity, and the other cavity is at the entrance, respectively, to the supply riser and the return pipe of the individual heating system, and at the exit, to the return heating riser. 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermotransforming unit is additionally equipped with a pump mixing device connected respectively to an individual heating system and to the supply and return risers of the heat supply. 3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermotransforming unit is additionally equipped with an air heater having a pump mixing device connected to the supply and return risers of the heat supply. 4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermotransforming unit is equipped with an expansion tank and a heating heat exchanger, which is connected through one pump to the individual heating system and the other to the supply and return heat pipes, and the expansion tank is connected to the individual heating system . 5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermotransforming unit is additionally equipped with air and water heaters, the cavities of which are interconnected by a circulation ring with a pump and an expansion tank, and the second cavity of the water heater is connected to the riser pipes.

Images