RU2287360C2 - Device for physico-chemical treatment of liquid medium - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: treatment of liquid medium for conducting various physico-chemical, hydrodynamic and heat and mass exchange processes in "liquid-liquid" and "solid-liquid" systems.

SUBSTANCE: proposed device has body with medium inlet and outlet branch pipes with rotor and stator mounted in this body coaxially, insonifying chamber and drive. Inlet branch pipe is provided with additional branch pipe and attachment in form of Venturi tube for delivery of free gas to liquid flowing medium; narrowed part of Venturi tube is provided with smoothly distributed holes. Distance between centers of holes and beginning of narrowing does not exceed diameter of narrowed part. Stator is provided with additional passages whose inlets are connected with collector and outlets are connected with passages in side wall of stator.

EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of treatment.

3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for processing liquid media and can be used for various physicochemical, hydrodynamic and heat and mass transfer processes in the liquid-liquid and solid-liquid systems.

A rotary-pulse apparatus is known, including a housing, a rotor and a stator with vertical channels arranged coaxially with longitudinal slots made in them, and vertical channels are made in the end surface of the rotor, coaxial with the stator channels. The apparatus provides for the use of several processed components (AS USSR No. 725691, MKI B 01 F 7/28, BI No. 13, 1980). The disadvantage of this device is that only liquid components are mixed in it, i.e. according to the invention, the supply and selection of the gaseous component is not provided. In addition, a separate discharge device is required to supply each component, as increased pressure is created in the apparatus due to pumping of the main flow of the processed medium.

The closest to the invention in terms of the effect obtained is a device for dispersing liquid food products, including coaxially arranged rotor and stator rings enclosed in a housing, two disks with holes for product passage connected by vanes are mounted on the rotor shaft, the rotor is mounted on one of the disks, while on opposite walls of the casing there are openings displaced relative to each other for alternate inlet of the product into the working chamber; openings in the casing may be provided with disk shutters mi (A.S. USSR No. 460884, MKI B 01 F 3/00, A 23 L 1/02, BI No. 7, 1975). The disadvantage of this device is an increase in hydraulic resistance to the passage of the processed medium into the working chamber due to the fact that it undergoes perforation in one of the disks and, consequently, an increase in energy consumption. The device does not provide for the supply and selection of free gas to optimize the speed of the process in the cavitation area.

The technical task of the invention is to increase the efficiency of technological processes in a liquid flowing medium, leading to a reduction in the processing time of raw materials in a rotary apparatus and to obtain a better product by optimizing the pulsed hydrodynamic and acoustic effects on the processed flowing medium.

The stated technical problem is achieved in that in a device for physicochemical processing of a liquid medium, comprising a housing with inlet and outlet nozzles of the medium, a rotor and a stator coaxially mounted in it, with channels in the side walls, a sounding chamber and a drive, characterized in that the inlet nozzle has an additional nozzle and nozzles in the form of a venturi with holes uniformly located on the side surface of the narrowed part, and the distance between the centers of the holes and the beginning of the narrowing is not more than the diameter of the narrowed Asti, supply of free gas in the liquid working fluid or a selection thereof, in a stator made additional channels whose inputs are connected to the channels in the side wall of the stator by the linear velocity of the side of the working surface of the rotor.

Rotary apparatus, characterized in that the additional nozzle and manifold are connected by a pump.

Rotary apparatus, characterized in that the additional pipe and manifold are connected by a compressor.

Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of a device for physico-chemical processing of a liquid medium; figure 2 shows a longitudinal section of a stator; figure 3 shows a modulator in section, formed by the holes of the rotor and stator, and the position of the channels in the stator for supplying or removing gas from the medium to be treated.

A device for physicochemical processing of a liquid medium comprises a housing 1 with a medium outlet 2 and an adjustment valve 3, a cover 4 with an inlet 5 and an adjustment valve 6, a rotor 7 with channels 8 in the side walls, a stator 9 with channels in the side walls 10 and additional channels 11, a sounding chamber 12 formed by a housing 1, a cover 4 and a stator 9, a collector 13 with a valve 14, an additional pipe 15 with a valve 16 and nozzles in the form of a venturi 17 with holes 18.

The device operates as follows. The medium to be processed enters through the nozzle 5 into the cavity of the rotor 7, from where, under the influence of external pressure and the pressure of centrifugal forces, it moves through periodically overlapping channels 8 of the rotor 7 and channels 10 of the stator 9, forming a modulator — nonlinear hydraulic resistance to the flow of the processed liquid flowing medium. At the same time, in the process of changing the flow cross section when the fluid moves from the rotor channels to the stator channels, variable pressure impulses and periodic narrowing of the flow area - Venturi pipes with a variable flow area of the tapering part of the pipe occur. Variable pressure pulses excite pulsed acoustic cavitation, and the Venturi tube hydrodynamic cavitation in the channels 10 of the stator 9 and the sounding chamber 12. Additional intensification of the process is carried out due to tangential stresses in the rotor cavity and in the gap between the rotor and stator.

The cavitation criterion characterizing the course of the cavitation process depends on the fluid velocity or volumetric flow rate controlled by valve 6 at the inlet pipe 5; the liquid pressure in the sounding chamber 12, which is regulated by the valve 3 on the outlet pipe 2. They also determine the value of the negative acceleration of the liquid in the channels 10 of the stator 9. To optimize the cavitation intensity and, therefore, the efficiency of the process, it is necessary to control the concentration of free (undissolved) gas in liquid medium. To this end, nozzles in the form of a venturi pipe 17 are placed in the inlet pipe 5, with holes in the narrow part 18, and an additional pipe 15 with a valve 16, and channels 11 are formed in the stator 10, connecting to the collector 13 and the channels in the side wall of the stator 10 with side of the direction of linear velocity of the lateral working surface of the rotor 7. The concentration of free gas is changed using valves 14 and 16.

The liquid medium passing through the nozzles in the form of a Venturi pipe 17 forms in the narrowest part a vapor-air annular cavity starting from the beginning of the narrowed part and having a center approximately at a distance equal to the diameter of the entrance to the narrowing in which the vacuum is observed (Chugaev PP Hydraulics. - L .: Energoizdat. 1982, p.119). In the vapor-air cavity, free gas can be supplied or taken out of it through openings 18, i.e. increase or decrease the concentration of free gas in a liquid. The distance between the centers of the holes and the beginning of the narrowing is not more than the diameter of the narrowed part of the venturi. The holes are located evenly on the surface of the narrowed part of the nozzle. Note that, if necessary, add free gas to the medium being processed, it is supplied without additional devices due to the vacuum formed in the vapor-air cavity. In the stator holes, it is also possible to control the concentration of free gas in the medium to be treated by taking or supplying gas to the vapor-air cavity formed at the side wall of the channel 10 of the stator 9 from the minimum pressure side, through the manifold 13 and additional channels 11.

The proposed device allows the processing of a liquid medium to maintain optimal cavitation effects on the speed of the process. If there is a lack of free gas, it is supplied to the medium to be processed through an additional pipe in the inlet pipe of the device and through the collector and additional channels in the stator to all stator channels using a compressor. If the concentration of gas in the medium being processed is excessive, then it is pumped out by the pump through the same structural elements.

Thus, regardless of the concentration of free gas in the medium being treated, hydrodynamic and acoustic cavitation exert maximum influence on the technological process.

To confirm the effectiveness of the proposed device for processing a liquid medium, experimental studies were conducted. A rotary apparatus with the construction according to FIG. 1 was used. Table 1 shows an example of the dispersion of a liquid crushed mass of tomato obtained on knife crushers or meat grinder-type devices without separating the skin and seeds. Samples were taken with four passage of the dispersion through the apparatus.

Table 1 No. Cavitation criterion value dcp, microns dmax, microns Without gas optimization With gas optimization Without gas optimization With gas optimization one 0.7 22 15,5 49 37.5 2 0.5 17 fourteen 40 28 3 0.3 10 7 35 twenty four 0.2 5 four fifteen 13

Table 2 shows the results of the production of cutting fluid (coolant) in a rotary apparatus. The concentration of emulsol UKRINOL-1 was 10%. Samples were taken after four times the passage of the processed medium through the proposed device.

table 2 No. Cavitation criterion value dcp, microns dmax, microns Without gas optimization With gas optimization Without gas optimization With gas optimization one 0.7 5.1 4.0 8.0 5 2 0.5 4.2 3.0 6.1 3.8 3 0.3 2.0 1.3 4.1 3.4 four 0.2 1,6 1,1 3,5 2,8

From these tables it follows that the arithmetic mean diameter and the maximum diameter observed in the field of view of the microscope eyepiece of the dispersed tomato obtained when the apparatus was operated with the optimal free gas content is much smaller than when the gas content of the medium is not optimal. Coolant production results also show that the rotary apparatus works most efficiently when the gas content of the processed liquid medium is optimal. The concentration of free gas was optimized by the maximum of broadband cavitation noise.

The effect of using the present invention consists in the intensification of technological processes in the "liquid-liquid" and "solid-liquid" systems compared to known methods while improving the quality of the resulting product in the possibility of obtaining new products by optimizing the effects of hydrodynamic and acoustic pulsed cavitation on the process.

Claims (3)

1. Device for physico-chemical processing of a liquid medium, comprising a housing with inlet and outlet nozzles of the medium, a rotor and a stator coaxially mounted in it with channels in the side walls, a sounding chamber and a drive, characterized in that an additional nozzle and nozzles are installed in the inlet nozzle in the form of a venturi with holes uniformly located on the side surface of its narrowed part, and the distance between the centers of the holes and the beginning of the narrowing is not more than the diameter of the narrowed part, for supplying free gas to the liquid flow On Wednesday or its selection from it, additional channels are made in the stator, the inputs of which are connected to the collector, and the outputs are connected to the channels in the stator side wall from the linear velocity side of the rotor side working surface. 2. The rotary apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the additional nozzle and manifold are connected to the pump. 3. The rotary apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the additional pipe and manifold are connected to the compressor.

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