RU2287271C1 - Method for applying of liquid substances onto surface to be treated - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: keeping of transport tracks branch strip, in particular, elimination of weedage by means of herbicides on railway and motor road branch strip, and also treatment of urban streets with chemical reactants.

SUBSTANCE: method involves applying working fluid through group of parallel booms equipped with sprayers and individual valves and communicating with working fluid sources, said valves being furnished with remote control drives connected to controlling processor having sprinkler velocity sensor. One of booms, for example first boom, is equipped with flow rate regulator and other booms are set for operation at constant flow rate enabling optimal spraying quality. Flow rate of second boom is equal to maximal predetermined flow rate of first boom, and flow rate of each subsequent boom exceeds flow rate of previous boom by value corresponding to maximal predetermined flow rate of first boom. At initial velocity of sprinkler, first boom operates, with minimal predetermined flow rate of said first boom, as velocity of sprinkler is increasing, being continuously increased to maximal predetermined value in accordance with processor command sent to flow rate regulator drive. As said maximal predetermined value is reached, processor generates command for switching of locking valve of second boom and simultaneously reducing flow rate of first boom to minimal predetermined value. As velocity of sprinkler increases, processor generates command for connecting subsequent boom or set of booms and simultaneously controlling variation of flow rate of first boom. Method allows flow rate of working fluid through sprayers to be varied as velocity of sprinkler is altered and uniform application of predetermined amount of working fluid over surface under treatment process to be provided.

EFFECT: provision for optimal quality of spraying, reduced losses of working fluid and decreased probability for contamination of environment.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of keeping the right of way of transport routes and will find application in the destruction of weeds using herbicides in the right of way of railways and roads, as well as in the processing of chemicals on city streets.

The peculiarity of treating the roads with herbicides is that the sprayer operates at a constantly changing speed, from minimum to 40 km / h and above. This is due to various reasons that accompany traffic.

When the sprayer operates in an increased speed range, turbulent air flows are formed behind it, violating the uniformity of the application of the working fluid and contributing to its demolition beyond the treated area.

To ensure uniform distribution of droplets of the working fluid over the treated area and to reduce the likelihood of their demolition, various treatment methods are used, in particular, a method is known in which the working fluid is supplied under high pressure up to 150 bar (GB Patent No. 232,587 A, micron. A 01 M 7 / 00 February 3, 1999). The authors of this patent believe that such a high pressure will ensure accurate introduction of the working fluid, eliminating its drift. However, upon forced deposition of droplets of liquid dispersed under high pressure onto the surface to be treated, as a result of the high speed of their collision with this surface, the formation of tiny dust-like particles of the working fluid. These particles are carried away by turbulent air flows and drifted outside the treated area, which leads to a violation of the application rate of the working fluid and contributes to environmental pollution.

A known method of processing, implemented by a sprayer for processing a railway track with liquid substances, according to St. USSR No. 202646 (mk. A 01 M 7/00, BI No. 19, 1967). This sprayer processes the railroad tracks using a group of parallel booms with sprayers, each of which is equipped with a control valve and is connected to a source of working fluid. This method is accepted by us as a prototype.

Individual control of the flow rate of each boom allows you to select the costs in accordance with the processing conditions, and the presence of parallel booms makes it possible to increase the flow rate as the speed of the sprayer increases.

The disadvantage of this method of processing the right of way is the uneven application of the working fluid on the treated area and, as a result, the reduction in the quality of the treatment and the loss of working fluid caused by the inability to maintain optimal spray quality due to periodic changes in flow rate and pressure in the working fluid supply system to the rods during the periodic connection and disconnection of each of the booms when changing the speed of the sprayer.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of applying liquid substances to the treated surface, reducing the loss of working fluid and reducing the likelihood of environmental pollution.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the known method of applying liquid substances to the surface to be treated, including applying a working fluid from a group of parallel rods with sprayers equipped with individual valves and connected to a source of working fluid, according to the invention, the valves are equipped with remotely controlled actuators associated with the control processor, having a sensor for the speed of movement of the sprayer, while one of the booms (for example, the first boom) is equipped with a flow regulator, and all other booms are set are set to work at a constant flow rate (pressure), at which optimum spray quality is ensured, the flow rate of the second boom being equal to the maximum predetermined flow rate of the first boom, and the flow rate of each subsequent boom greater than the flow rate of the previous bar by the maximum specified flow rate of the first boom; at the initial speed of the sprayer, the first boom operates, the minimum set flow rate of which, as the speed of the sprayer increases, at the command of the processor to the flow regulator drive, gradually increase to the maximum set value, at which time the processor sends a command to turn on the valve of the second boom while lowering flow rate of the first rod to the minimum specified, with a further increase in speed, the processor gives a command to connect the next rod or several bars, while managing the change rate of the first rod.

The positive effect of the application of the proposal is that the combination of a stepwise change in the flow rate by combining the inclusion of the booms with its regulation in the minimum range of the sprayer movement speed provides the possibility of introducing a predetermined rate of the working fluid onto the treated surface with optimal spray quality regardless of the change in the sprayer speed.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a schematic diagram of the control operation of the rods.

On the platform of the vehicle 1, a container with a working fluid 2 is installed, connected by a collector 3 with a working pump 4, which provides a supply of working fluid through a collector 3 through a pressure reducing valve 5 and a central valve 6 to the rods 14, 15, 16, 17. These rods are equipped with shut-off valves valves 10, 11, 12, 13 with actuators associated with the control processor 19 having a speed sensor for the sprayer 20. The first rod 9 is equipped with a flow regulator 7 and a flow sensor 8 connected to the control processor 19. The pump 4 has a return line 21 of the discharge of the working fluid in the tank 2. To the return line 21 is also connected a flow regulator 7. At all the rods mounted nozzles 18.

Implementation of the proposed method for applying liquid substances to the treated surface is given in relation to the treatment of the railway right of way with herbicides.

The method is carried out in the following sequence. To start the spraying process of the treated area, on the command of the processor 19, the pump 4 is turned on, the pressure reducing valve 5 and the central valve 6 are opened, the flow regulator 7 is turned on. At the same time, the rod 9 starts working with the minimum specified flow. The working fluid flows from the tank 2 through the manifold 3 and the flow regulator 7 into the rod 9 and is applied to the surface to be treated through its nozzles 18. When moving the platform of the vehicle 1, the processor 19 receives information about the speed from the sensor 20 and sends a command to the controller 7 to increase the flow rate in the rod 9.

Upon reaching a predetermined maximum flow rate controlled by the sensor 8, the processor 19 connects the rod 14, giving a command to the valve actuator 13, which allows access of the working fluid from the manifold 3, in which the pump 4 creates, and the pressure reducing valve 5 maintains a given constant pressure, providing optimal spraying of the working fluid through the nozzles 18 mounted on the rods, at a given constant flow rate. As the speed of the sprayer in the boom 9 increases, the flow gradually increases to a predetermined maximum, after which the processor 19, based on the data of the sensor 8, gives a command to the valve 13 to turn off the boom 14 and to valve 10 to turn on the boom 15. With a subsequent increase in speed, commands are issued for the sequential inclusion by the actuators of the valves 12 and 11 of the working fluid supply to the rods 16 and 17. In this case, when the next rod is turned on, the rod 9 is transferred to work in the initial mode at the minimum specified flow rate. After turning on the rod 5, the processor 19, with increasing speed, gives a command to turn on several bars at the same time, while the rod 9 is working at the same time. The presence of the return line 21 allows the pump 4 to operate in the specified flow and pressure mode by returning the excess working fluid to the tank 2. Due to the bypass excess working fluid along line 21 controls the flow rate and regulator 7. Application of the working fluid at a steady speed of the sprayer is carried out in the specified flow rate and pressure at bot of the corresponding number of rods. When lowering the speed of the sprayer, the processor 19 gives a command to reduce the flow rate in the boom 9 and the flow regulator 7 when the valves 15, 11, 12, 13 of the rods 15 17, 16, 14 are sequentially switched off. The rods 14, 15, 16, 17 are switched down flow rate, the rod 9 in this case, with each switching is transferred to work with the maximum specified flow rate and decreasing it at the command of the processor 19 based on the information of the sensor 8 to the minimum specified value.

Thus, the proposed method allows you to change the flow rate of the working fluid through the sprayers of the sprayer as its speed changes and to ensure uniform application of a predetermined amount of working fluid to the treated surface in the mode of optimal spray quality and thereby reduce its loss and the likelihood of environmental pollution.

Claims (1)

A method of applying liquid substances to a surface to be treated, comprising applying a working fluid from a group of parallel rods with nozzles equipped with individual valves and connected to a source of working fluid, characterized in that the valves are equipped with remotely controlled actuators associated with a control processor having a sprayer speed sensor, while one of the rods is equipped with a flow regulator, and all other rods are set to work at a constant flow rate, at which it provides There is an optimal spray quality, the flow rate of the second boom being equal to the maximum predetermined flow rate of the first boom, and the flow rate of each subsequent boom is greater than the flow rate of the previous boom by the value of the maximum predetermined flow rate of the first boom, the first boom operates at the initial speed of the sprayer, the minimum specified flow rate of which as the speed increases sprayer at the command of the processor to the drive of the flow controller smoothly increase to the maximum specified value, at which time the processor reaches gives the command to turn on the valve of the second rod while reducing the flow rate of the first rod to the minimum specified, with a further increase in speed, the processor sends a command to connect another rod or several rods while controlling the change in the flow rate of the first rod.