RU2285268C1 - Device for measurement of speed and acceleration of thrown object - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: inspection-measuring technique.

SUBSTANCE: device has frames disposed at ends of measure route. Mirrors are installed at sides of any frame. Frames have to be detectors of passage of thrown object. Frames have vertical and lower horizontal walls. Frames are disposed along trajectory of passage of thrown object. There are semiconductor laser radiators fastened to vertical walls of frames. Radiators form mesh composed of laser beams. Passage detector is mounted onto cut of shaft of throwing device and it is connected with controlled quartz pulse oscillator. Other passage detectors are placed at base distances. Detectors are connected with pulse counters. Pulse counters are connected with controlled quartz laser oscillator. Passage detector, mounted at cut of shaft of throwing device, starts controlled quartz pulse oscillator.

EFFECT: simplified design; improved reliability; widened operational abilities.

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Description

The invention relates to a control measuring technique and can be used to determine the speed and acceleration of a missile element, for example, when practicing designs of a missile element and propelling devices.

It is known "Device for measuring the flying speed of a missile body", patent of the Russian Federation No. 2216025 dated 07/17/2001, in which the indicator of the passage of the missile element are electrical contacts that close the electrical circuit, the contacts are movable and mounted on flexible plates, on which are mounted mounted on the boundaries of the base distance are elastic petals that, when exposed to a throwing element, interact with the flexible contact plates and close them, and the first pair of contacts, when closed, includes measuring boron, and the second it turns off.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the low accuracy of determining the set values, as well as the need to replace after each start of the missile element elastic petals damaged by the missile element.

The closest technical solution to the declared and adopted as a prototype is “Device for measuring the speed of an object”, RF patent No. 2046343 dated 07.15.1992, containing two supporting frames with horizontal and vertical walls having radiation sources and located at the ends of the measured section of the route radiation receivers that are connected to the recording device, translucent mirrors mounted on the horizontal and vertical sides of each frame.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the complexity of the design, its high cost, as well as the inability to measure the acceleration of the object.

The technical task of the proposed technical solution is to simplify the design, increase reliability and expand the operational capabilities of the device.

The solution to the technical problem lies in the fact that in a device for measuring the speed and acceleration of a missile element, containing frames located at the ends of the measuring section of the track, having radiation sources and radiation receivers that are connected to recording devices, mirrors mounted on the sides of each frame, the frames, which are sensors of the span of the projectile element, have vertical and lower horizontal walls and are located along the path of the trajectory of the projectile element’s flight, are fastened to their vertices ikalnyh walls semiconductor laser emitters defining a grid of laser beams, and reflecting mirrors, wherein one sensor passage is set to cut the throwing device of the trunk and connected with an adjustable quartz pulse generator, and other flight sensors are mounted on the basic distances L ₁ and L _2, each of which is connected to the pulse counter, and the pulse counters are connected to an adjustable quartz pulse generator, while the span sensor mounted on the cut of the barrel of the throwing device starts adjusted is quartz pulse generator, the impulses from which is started simultaneously supplied to the pulse counters and which stop signaling when entering a passage connected thereto sensors during passage past them propelled element.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of a device for measuring the speed and acceleration of a missile element.

Figure 2 schematically shows a span sensor.

The device for measuring the speed and acceleration of the missile element in figure 1 contains an adjustable crystal oscillator 1 pulses, counters 2 and 3 pulses, sensors 4, 5 and 6 span of the missile element 8, throwing device 7, a cut of the barrel 13 of the throwing device 7, and in Fig. .2, where the span sensor diagram is shown, it has a lower horizontal wall 14, vertical walls 9. A semiconductor laser emitter 10, reflecting mirrors 11, a photodetector 12 are mounted on the vertical walls 9, while the span sensor 4 is mounted on a barrel cut 13 me atelnogo device 7 and is connected to an adjustable crystal oscillator 1 pulses, and the sensors 5 and 6 are mounted along the path trajectory projectile element 8 at baseline distances L ₁ and L _2, each of which is connected to the counters 2 and 3 pulses, respectively, with pulse counters 2 and 3 are connected to an adjustable crystal oscillator 1 pulses.

The operation of the device for measuring the speed and acceleration of a missile element is as follows.

When the throwing element 8 intersects the laser beam emanating from the semiconductor laser emitter 10 of the sensor 4 mounted on a section of the barrel 13 of the throwing device 7, an adjustable quartz pulse generator 1 is started, pulses from the generator 1 are sent simultaneously to the 2 and 3 pulse counters. When the throwing element 8 of the laser beam crosses each next sensor, the counter connected to it stops and fixes the number of pulses elapsed during the flight of the throwing element 8 from the throwing device 7 to this sensor.

Knowing the base distances L ₁ and L ₂ and the pulse repetition rate of the generator, we can calculate the time during which the missile element flew from the barrel of the throwing device to the corresponding sensor, and knowing the time and path, you can determine the speed using the well-known formula:

where V is the speed of the missile element;

S is the distance between the sensors,

and the flight time of the missile element between the sensors is found by the ratio:

where t is the flight time of the missile element between the sensors;

f is the frequency of the pulse generator in hertz;

to - the number of pulses that counts the counter to a stop.

The acceleration of the missile element on each section of the route can be found, knowing the difference in speeds (V ₁ -V ₂ ) on a specific section of the route, determined by the formula

a - acceleration of the missile element in this section of the route.

The resolution and accuracy of the device is determined by the tuning accuracy and frequency instability of the crystal oscillator. For example, the frequency tuning accuracy of the small-sized clock generator GK 164PA is ± 5 · 10 ^-6 , and the frequency instability is ± 1.5 · 10 ^-6 . The error of electronic meters is 1-2 units of the least significant bit. For example, with a generator frequency of 10 MHz (10 ⁷ pulses per second) and a missile element speed of 1000 m / s on a track of 1000 meters, taking into account the error of the generator and counter, the error in counting pulses is not more than ± 10 pulses, which will be 0.001% of 10 pulses, and therefore the error for the speed of the missile element 1000 m / s will be no more than ± 10 cm / s. For lower speeds, the error is even less. Interference and interference practically do not affect the operation of the device, as the signals in the circuits are digital with an amplitude of 5 to 15 volts, depending on the series of microcircuits used, and not analog.

Thrown elements can be of any size and shape and from any opaque material. The minimum dimensions of the missile element are limited only by the beam diameter of the laser used and the distance between the beams in the laser frame.

The range of measured speeds of the missile element from minimum to hypersonic. The minimum measured speed is limited only by the capacity of the meters used, because at low speeds and large distances between the frames, the pulse counters can overflow. For measured speeds and used frequencies of the generator, counters with a capacity of 4-6 digits are sufficient.

The deviation of the flight path of the missile element can reach significant values, therefore, the distance between the leaflets of the frames can be increased to several meters without loss of measurement accuracy. The number of reflecting mirrors mounted on the sash frames can also be increased to several tens to reduce the distance between the beams and fix the span of the missile element of small caliber.

Thus, the use of the proposed technical solution provides high accuracy of measuring the speed and acceleration of the missile element, immunity to interference and interference from a digital signal, allows measurements with a large spread in the flight path of the missile element, increases the reliability of the device, reduces its cost, while calibers of missile elements can be from a few mm to the maximum, the missile element itself can be from any opaque material, the use of high-voltage is not required equipment.

Claims (1)

A device for measuring the speed and acceleration of a missile element, containing frames located at the ends of the measuring section of the track, having radiation sources and radiation receivers that are connected to recording devices, mirrors mounted on the sides of each frame, characterized in that the frames are sensors of the missile element span, have vertical and lower horizontal walls and are located along the path of the trajectory of the missile element, have semiconductor lasers mounted on their vertical walls emitters forming a network of laser beams and reflecting mirrors, while one span sensor is mounted on a section of the barrel of the throwing device and connected to an adjustable quartz pulse generator, and the other span sensors are installed at base distances L ₁ and L ₂ , each of which is connected with a pulse counter, and pulse counters connected to an adjustable quartz pulse generator.

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