RU2284961C1 - Helically-conjugated balls made out of the polyester fibers - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: textile industry; production of the polyester fibers helically-conjugated balls.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the field of textile industry, in particular, to production of the polyester fibers helically-conjugated balls, which may be used as the filler in such products, as the blankets, cushions, mattresses, cushions for the seats, backrests for the seats, coverlets, sleeping bags, the soft furniture and the soft toys, and also as the heat insulation for clothing and as the protective filler for the working clothes of different designation, including the heat-resistant clothes, moisture protective clothes, anti-gas protective clothes and cold protective clothes. The protective filler made out of the polyester fiber balls represents the helically-conjugated balls with the nominal linear density of 0.7- 0.9 tex, the nominal length of straightening of 25-39 mm, the twisted degree of 23.0-27.0 %,the twist stability of 50-95 %, the volume mass of 2.0-7.0 kg/m³, an elongation at the break of 40-50 %, the relaxation properties of the fibers at their compression in the mass of 75-80 %, the normalized humidity of 1.0-2.0 % and the specific breaking loading of 38-40 sn/tex. The technical result of the invention is the helically-conjugated balls reduced friction between the individual coils {balls} with the possibility of more free and independent movement and recovery of all their properties.

EFFECT: the invention ensures the helically-conjugated balls reduced friction between the individual coils and balls with the possibility of more free and independent movement with recovery of all their properties.

Description

The invention relates to the textile industry and can be used as a filler in products such as blankets, pillows, mattresses, pillows for seats and backs, bedspreads, sleeping bags, upholstered furniture and soft toys. The invention can also be used as a heater for clothing, as well as a protective filler for overalls for various purposes, including moisture, chemical and for protection from low temperatures.

Known filler containing a polymer modifier, one of the components of which is a block copolymer of polyether and polyamide (RF patent No. 2076118, 1990).

The disadvantages of the known filler include the difficulty of dyeing it with conventional methods and the accumulation of charges of static electricity in the process of its production.

The invention is directed to the production of a polyester filler with high resistance to low temperatures, as well as high resistance to abrasion, creasing, which allows the filler to maintain its shape and easily restore it.

In addition, the claimed filler is resistant to oxidizing agents and biological influences, is not damaged by microorganisms, moth, mold, carpet bug. All of the listed properties of the filler allow you to expand the scope of its application.

The claimed technical result is achieved in that the filler is a spiral-conjugated balls of polyester fiber with a linear fiber density of 0.7-0.9 tex. and the length of the fiber when it is straightened 24-39 mm.

The claimed design allows the filler to maintain its shape and easily restore it.

Filler is prepared as follows.

The raw materials for the production of filler are polyester fibers, obtained as a result of the production process from natural, synthetic polymers. The filler production consists of two cycles: the primary processing of the laid polyester fiber (raw materials) and the production of spiral-conjugated balls itself and includes the following operations: acceptance with adjustment of the volume (quantity) of the supplied bale raw materials weighing from 200 to 350 kg, its placement on the storage tape before supply of raw materials and supply of material to the conveyor belt of the feeding device, then the formation of the spiral-conjugated balls themselves with a given linear density of spherical fibers and a given straightening length fiber.

The feed is supplied through the conveying fan of the opening machine, then through a cyclone to the drum system of the production line device.

The supply of raw materials to the device of the production line is carried out in uniform parts so that the machine can work in accordance with the established parameters.

The bale opening machine is designed to open transport bales of raw materials weighing from 200 to 350 kg. The bale opener is used to prepare the raw material and feed it into the opening machine. The bale opening machine is equipped with accumulating, intermediate and needle tapes with leveling rollers, with which polyester fibers (raw materials) are fed to the receiving tape of the opening machine. The working parameters of the feedstock input are regulated by a predetermined speed.

The rotation of the feed rollers can also be controlled by the speed (from 1200 rpm to 1500 rpm) of rotation of the working rollers. The opening machine has a metal detector with an antistatic installation and a conveying fan.

The capacity of the bale opener and opening machine is approximately 350 kg / h and depends on the processed raw materials.

A bale of incoming raw materials is placed on a long storage tape, with which the raw materials are transferred to the lower intermediate tape, which is controlled by a photocell. The volumes of incoming raw materials can be controlled by adjusting the set speed of the inclined needle ribbon and using a roller with spikes.

The primary adjustment of the volumes of the raw material of the opening machine supplied to the conveyor belt is carried out by predetermined regulation of the distance between the needle ribbon and the needle roller of the bale opener. A more precise adjustment of the feed is made by the normalized adjustment of the speed of the needle tape.

The roller with brushes removes the raw material (polyester fiber) from the needle (studded) tape and the raw material falls onto the feed tape of the opening machine.

The feed to the device of the production line for the manufacture of filler is carried out in equal parts so that the machine can work in accordance with the established parameters.

To form balls of polyester fiber with a given linear fiber density and a given fiber straightening length, there is a main unit in the production line consisting of a conical metal drum with predetermined drum system parameters: width, height, length and weight.

In the upper part of the drum there is a cyclone with a predetermined adjustment of the amount of material supplied. The feed in the rotor part is regulated by vertically movable feed two (inlet and outlet) fans with standardized technical characteristics.

In the stator part of the drum, where the rotor with a certain technical characteristic is located, on its vertical axis there are (are) a given number (no more than 10) of horizontal metal disks for twisting the fibers into balls. In addition, in its lower part, the rotor axis has a vertically adjustable fan impeller. Spherical fibers are formed in a strong turbulent air flow by friction between the movable, adjustable tips of the conical rotor impeller and the stator wall.

The formation of spirally coupled spherical fibers is controlled by a predetermined rotor speed, a predetermined distance between the tips of the conical rotor impeller and the stator wall, and a predetermined position of the output fan impeller. At maximum speed, the balls are harder and more compact. The specified distance from the fan impeller to the lower protective board affects both the quantity and quality of the balls produced.

The production capacity for the manufacture of polyester spherical filler is at least 300 kg / h and depends on the processed fiber.

From the hopper system, the polyester ball fibers are fed further into the intermediate hopper, which allows for a controlled and uniform loading. From the rotor part, the polyester spherical fibers pass through the cyclone and the transport fan into the bag filling system.

In the process of mechanical technology of fibers, when they rub against each other on the organs of a machine, conditions arise for the appearance of an electrostatic charge. Equally charged balls are pushed away from each other, which violates the process. Discontinuity appears. To reduce the accumulation of static electricity, the surface of the fiber is treated with antistatic agents using a spray unit. The spray unit moistens the raw material with an antistatic solution in pipes transporting the material in automatic mode.

As an antistatic treatment, for example, a solution is used, which is a mixture of 5 liters of ordinary water, 15 ml of non-aromatic solution and 10 drops of a conventional dishwashing detergent. It is possible to use an imported solution in the same proportion. The amount of spray is automatically adjusted.

Processing helps to reduce friction between individual curls (balls) and allows them to move more freely and independently, restoring all their properties.

The resulting product and its use in the textile industry for intended use is determined by the following physical and mechanical indicators, the numerical values of which vary in the following ranges:

- nominal linear density, tex - 0.7-0.9;

- nominal length (straightening), mm - 25-39;

- degree of tortuosity,% - 23.0 ± 27.0;

- stability tortuosity,% - 50-95;

- bulk mass, kg / m ³ - 2.0-7.0;

- elongation at break,% - 40-50;

- relaxation properties of the fibers when they are compressed in mass,% - 75-80

- normalized humidity,% - 1.0-2.0;

- specific breaking load, sn / tex - 37-41.

The indicated physical and chemical indicators allow its use both as a filler and as a heater. The resulting product has a high resistance to fire, not only in comparison with fillers made from natural fibers (cotton, wool, etc.), but also in comparison with other chemical fillers, for example, foam rubber, acetate and polyamide. The product ignites with difficulty and goes out after removing the source of fire. Upon contact with a spark or electric arc is not charred. The product is resistant to solvents, such as, for example, acetone, carbon tetrachloride. It is convenient to use because it is easy to wash and dry. Resistant to abrasion, has softness and elasticity, which allows it to be called "artificial fluff". In addition, the product is resistant to microorganisms, moths, molds, carpet bugs. All of these properties allow you to expand the scope of its application.

Claims (1)

The filler is made of polyester fiber, which is a spiral-conjugated balls with a nominal linear density of 0.7-0.9 tex, a nominal straightening length of 25-39 mm, a degree of crimp 23.0-27.0%, crimp resistance 50-95%, bulk density of 2.0-7.0 kg / m ³ , elongation at break of 40-50%, relaxation properties of the fibers when they are compressed in a mass of 75-80%, normalized humidity of 1.0-2.0% and specific breaking load 38 -40 sn / tex.