RU2284495C2 - Apparatus for testing shafts at manufacturing stage - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: testing equipment.

SUBSTANCE: apparatus has casing, loading drive mounted on casing, and commander device. Apparatus is further equipped with toothed gear including toothed wheel having section positioned at its crown and made in the form longitudinal slot, at 1/n length of circle of toothed crown. Toothed wheel is adapted for engagement with n number of gears rigidly connected with active grips. Active grips are positioned on bearing units of disk which is located for free rotation in conjunction with toothed wheel, parts to be tested and disk with passive grips immovably fixed thereon through predetermined angle by means of main motor-reducer with the help of electromagnetic coupling. The latter is controlled by means of measuring-commanding device which upon aligning of longitudinal slot provided on toothed wheel with precision reversing motor-reducer switches-on drive for meshing with cam, by means of which cam area of hysteresis loop is measured.

EFFECT: wider operational capabilities and improved quality of controlling of parts.

5 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to the field of testing parts of the shaft type under torsion under cyclic loading and can be used to determine the resource of parts in various engineering industries. Advantageously, the invention can be used to test shaft-like parts at the manufacturing stage under cyclic loading.

A device for testing parts is known, including a loading device, measuring equipment, a fixing device for fixing the test products (see AS No. 493691 MKI G 01 m 15/00).

The reasons that impede the achievement of the technical result indicated below when using the known device include the fact that the known device lacks the technological ability to test. It is possible to test only one sample and it is impossible to determine the resource of parts from one batch of castings.

A device is also known for fatigue testing of parts in rotating rotors (see AS No. 378747 MKI G 01 m 15/00).

The reasons that impede the achievement of the technical result indicated below when using the known device include the fact that the tested product is destroyed in the known device.

The indicated disadvantages of these analogues are due to the inability to control the internal state of the part, to reveal the onset of microcracks and their growth rate.

The closest device of the same purpose to the claimed invention in terms of features is a device for monitoring the parameters of the brake sleeve of a road bike (see AS SU No. 1652837).

A disadvantage of the known device adopted as a prototype is the inability to determine the internal state of the material upon application of the load, as well as the impossibility of testing several samples simultaneously.

The technical result is the expansion of technological capabilities and improving the quality of control of parts in the manufacturing process by installing a gearing, including a gear wheel having a sector in the crown in the form of a longitudinal groove 1 / n of the circumference of the ring gear, which engages with the nth number gears rigidly connected to active grippers mounted on the bearing units of the disk, which freely rotates together with the gear wheel, the tested parts and the disk with a fixed lock with passive captures on it at a certain angle after a block of alternating loading cycles of the main gear motor through an electromagnetic coupling controlled by measuring and command equipment, which, when combining the longitudinal groove of the gear wheel with a precision gear motor, engages the cam input gear, which is used to measure hysteresis loop area.

Built-in autonomous power allows transport operations.

Figure 1 schematically shows a General view of the device; figure 2 is a section aa of figure 1; figure 3 is a section bb In figure 2 (the location of the passive grips); figure 4 is a remote element of figure 2, figure 5 is a gear wheel.

A device for testing shafts at the manufacturing stage comprises a housing 1, n the number of active grippers 2 and n + 1 passive grippers 3, rigidly mounted on the disk 4, one of them is made with recesses for connection with electromagnetic clamps 5, mounted on a housing that has a bearing a support 6, on which a shaft 7 is mounted, rigidly connected with a disk 8, mounted on bearing bearings 9 with movably mounted gears 10, configured to engage with a gear wheel 11 having a gear ring with a vector-shaped groove, which is connected through an electromagnetic clutch 12 to a main gear motor 13 mounted on vertical shelves 14 on which a precision reverse gear motor 15 is mounted, with a cam input gear 16 made in a spiral of Archimedes with a measuring active a gripper 17, which is connected with the measuring and command apparatus 18 and an energy accumulator 19 supplying the traction motors 20 in the transport mode, the casing 21 of the wheel 22 serves to protect and transport parts 23.

Installation works as follows. When positioning at the machine that performs the “finishing” operation of machining parts (such as shafts), an electric current is supplied through the electrical connector to the main gear motor 13 and an additional precision reverse gear motor 15, as well as to the rectifier device mounted in the measuring and command equipment 18 . In this case, the energy accumulators are automatically charged 19. After loading, the parts are simultaneously fixed in the active grip 2, the passive grip 3 rotates the disks 4 and 8 of the main motor-red with a vector 13 in the first position by an angle equal to 360 / n, and securing the disc 4 with electromagnetic clamps 5 relative to the housing 1, in the second position with an electromagnetic clutch 12 through the gear 11 and active gripper 2, the part is loaded with a block of alternating loading cycles with a certain given frequency and amplitude .

When loading the next part, the main gear motor 13 is turned off and the next part is fixed. The main gear motor 13 in the first position of the electromagnetic clutch 12 rotates through an angle equal to 360 / n, and in the second position - alternately loading parts until the storage system is fully loaded. Perhaps testing immediately the nth number of parts.

The quality control of parts subjected to alternating loading is carried out by a precision reverse gear motor 15 with a cam input device 16 at the upper position of the disks 4 and 8. In this case, the gear 11 does not come into contact with the measuring active grip 17 due to the free sector.

Step loading and unloading of the tested parts 23 is carried out through the cam 16, which provides a linear dependence of the strain (loading - unloading) of the parts on the applied torque, which describe a dynamic hysteresis loop, the area of which is fixed by measuring and command equipment 18.

Comparing the hysteresis loop with the reference area, the tested part is subsequently processed according to one of the prescribed technological schemes (thermal, magnetic, sandblasting) or rejected.

Claims (1)

A device for testing shafts at the manufacturing stage, comprising a housing, a loading drive mounted on it and a command apparatus, characterized in that it is equipped with gearing including a gear wheel having a sector in the form of a longitudinal groove of 1 / n of the circumference of the ring gear, made with the possibility of engagement with the nth number of gears rigidly connected to the active grippers mounted on the bearing nodes of the disk, which freely rotates together with the gear wheel, the test parts and a disk with passive grips fixedly fixed to it at a certain angle by the main gear motor through an electromagnetic coupling controlled by measuring and command equipment, which, when combining the longitudinal groove of the gear wheel with a precision reverse gear motor, engages the cam input gear using which measures the area of the hysteresis loop.

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