RU2283341C1 - Motor-gearbox oil for aeronautical engineering - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: petrochemical industry; aircraft industry; production of the motor-gearbox oil.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the field of petrochemical industry and aircraft industry, in particular, to production of the motor-gearbox oil, intended for use in the high-beat gas-turbine (turboprop) engines and the high-loaded reduction gear of the airplanes and helicopters. Substance: the oil used as the base oil contains diisooctylsebacate or its mixture with the polyalfaolefinic oil and additionally it contains the thickening dope made on the basis of polyalkylmethacrylate VISCOPLEX 12-310 in the amount providing the oil viscosity of 5-8 mm²/s at 100°С, at the following ratio of the components (in mass %): the antioxidant - 0.1-2.0; aryl ether of phosphoric acid - 1-7; azimido-benzene - 0.005-0.01; dope VISCOPLEX 12-310 - 10-20; baseline oil - up to 100. It is preferable, that the oil contains the antioxidant of amine or phenolic type and additionally it may contain polymethylsiloxane in the amount of 0.0003-0.0005 mass %. The technical result of the invention is the increased thermal-oxidative stability and the antiwear properties of the oil.

EFFECT: the invention ensures the increased thermal-oxidative stability and the antiwear properties of the oil.

3 cl, 2 tbl

Description

The present invention relates to the field of petrochemistry and aviation technology, specifically to gear motor oil designed for use in heat-charged gas turbine (turboprop) engines and highly loaded gearboxes of aircraft and helicopters.

According to modern concepts, single motor gear oils should have the following main service properties.

Viscosity-temperature characteristics - kinematic viscosity of 5-8 mm ² / s at 100 ° C and not more than 9000 mm ² / s at minus 40 ° C, pour point - not higher than minus 55 ° C.

Thermo-oxidative stability - 200 ° C.

Mechanical stability (destruction during scoring) - no more than 5%.

Evaporation at 175 ° C - not higher than 5%.

The tribological indicators at CWM are the critical load of not less than 84 kgf and the diameter of the wear spot at a load of 194 N is not more than 0.4 mm.

It is known to use oil МН-7,5 for a turboprop engine of an aircraft, based on mineral oil containing thickening, antioxidant, anti-wear, extreme pressure and other additives.

(“Combustive-lubricating materials for aircraft engines”, ed. “Master Line”, Kazan, 2002, pp. 301-302).

It is also known oil for gas turbine engines of aircraft and other gas turbine plants based on mineral oil, containing, wt.%: 2,6-di-tert-butyl-paracresol 0.01-2; N-phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine 0.05-2; tricresyl phosphate or diphenyl para-tert-butyl phenyl phosphate 0.5-5; benzo-triazole 0.005-0.2; polyalkyl methacrylate oil solution with mol. weighing 2.000-8.000 0.01-2.

(RF patent No. 2086609, C 10 M 161/00, 1997).

However, mineral-based oils, of course, do not meet the above requirements.

It is known, for example, synthetic oil B-3B based on pentaerythritol esters and synthetic fatty acids of the C ₅ -C ₉ fraction, which contains an antioxidant additive - paraoxydiphenylamine and anti-seize - 2-mercaptobenztriazole.

(“Combustive-lubricating materials for aircraft engines”, ed. “Master Line”, Kazan, 2002, pp. 301-302).

B-3V oil has a high lubricity, however, it does not meet modern requirements for thermal oxidative stability at 200 ° C and viscosity at minus 40 ° C, and in addition, it has a noticeable corrosive effect on non-ferrous metals.

Known oil for the hinge screws of helicopters, containing, wt.%:

Phenyl alpha naphthylamine 0.01-0.5 4-methyl-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol 0.001-1.0 Dioctylsebacinate 5.0-40.0 A mixture of mono - and dialkyl derivatives diphenylamine 0.001-0.01 Sulfophosphate-containing additive or a mixture of additives containing sulfur and phosphorus 2.0-10.0 Succinimide ashless dispersant additive 0.8-3.0 Polyisobutylene mol. wt. 600-13.000 or styrene-diene thickener 0-15,0 Polyalphaolefin oil Up to 100

(RF patent No. 21252569, C 10 M 141/10, 1999).

However, this oil has insufficiently high anticorrosion and low temperature properties.

Closest to the claimed composition of the components is oil for heat-stressed gas turbine engines of supersonic aircraft, containing, wt.%:

Thermostable diisooctylsebacinate 10.0-15.0 2,6-di-tert-butyl-paracresol 0.5-3.0 Alkylated Diphenylamine 0.2-0.5 Tricresyl phosphate or diphenyl para-tert butyl phenyl phosphate 1.0-3.0 Benzotriazole 0.005-0.1 Base oil Up to 100

Moreover, the composition contains n, n ¹ -di-nonyl-diphenylamine or a mixture of butyl- and octyl-diphenylamines as an alkylated diphenylamine, and synthetic polyalphaolefin oil is used as a base oil.

(RF patent No. 2185423, C 10 M 129/72, 2002).

However, this oil cannot be used as a single motor gear oil, since it does not have the required low-temperature, thermo-oxidizing and tribological parameters.

The objective of the invention is the development of motor gear oil for use in aircraft engines and gearboxes, with improved thermal oxidative stability and anti-wear properties.

To solve this problem, a motor oil-based oil based on a base oil is proposed that contains an antioxidant, an aryl ester of phosphoric acid and benzotriazole, which according to the invention contains diisooctyl sebacinate or a mixture thereof with polyalphaolefin oil and additionally contains a thickening additive based on polyalkyl methacrylate VISCOPLE 310 in an amount providing an oil viscosity of 5-8 mm ² / s at 100 ° C, with the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Antioxidant 0.1-2.0 Phosphoric Acrylate 1.0-7.0 Benzotriazole 0.005-0.01 Additive VISCOPLEX 12-310 10.0-20.0 Base oil Up to 100

Moreover, motor gear oil contains an amine or phenolic type antioxidant or a mixture thereof and may additionally contain polymethylsiloxane in an amount of 0.0003-0.0005 wt.%.

The differences of the claimed technical solution are the use of diisooctylsebacinate or its mixture with polyalphaolefin oil as the base oil, as well as the involvement of a thickening additive based on VISCOPLEX 12-310 polyalkylmethacrylate in the oil in an amount providing an oil viscosity of 5-8 mm ² / s at 100 ° C , and the ratio of components.

These differences make it possible to obtain an oil that meets the above requirements for motor gear oils for aircraft, while the VISCOPLEX 12-310 additive, which is a highly refined, mechanically and thermally stable thickener, provides not only the required viscosity of the oil, but also increases efficiency contained in the composition antiwear additives - aryl ester of phosphoric acid.

The proposed oil is prepared by thickening the base oil and the subsequent introduction of functional additives.

All components used in the lubricant composition are industrial products.

As antioxidants, alkylated aromatic amines of the DAT type are used according to TU 38.101.1215-89 or n, n ^! di-nonyl diphenylamine; 4-methyl-2,6-di-tert-butyl-phenol (Agidol-1) according to TU 38.5901237-90 and phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine (Neozone) according to TU 6-14-202-74.

As an anti-wear additive - tricresyl phosphate according to GOST 5728-76, diphenyl pararetbutyl phenyl phosphate according to TU 6-05-1611-76, trixylene nylphosphate according to TU 6-05-161-78.

Benzotriazole - TU 6-09-1291-87.

Additive VISCOPLEX 12-310 is an oily solution of polymethylmethacrylate with mol. weighing 1300-2000, has a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C of 850 mm ² / s, a flash point of more than 120 ° C manufactured by Rohmax Oil Additives.

Polymethylsiloxane - additive PMS-200A according to OST 6-02-20-79.

Base oil - thermostable diisooctylsebacinate according to TU 6-06-11-88 or its mixture with polyalphaolefin oil - PAO-4 or PAO-6.

To illustrate the essence of the proposed technical solution, 5 samples of the proposed oil were prepared, the composition of which is shown in table 1.

Laboratory tests of the prepared oil samples were carried out by qualification methods accepted for motor gear oils. The test results are presented in table 2.

The data shown in table 2 confirm the high efficiency of the proposed oil. The proposed oil is a modern aviation universal motor gear oil in a viscosity class of 5-8 mm ² / s at 100 ° C, which can replace oils such as MN-7.5u, B-3V and without the inherent disadvantages of these oils (being practically non-destructive), fully complies with modern requirements.

Table 1. The composition of the samples of the proposed gear motor oil. №№ pp Name of components The content of components in the samples, wt.% one 2 3 four 5 one. Additive DAT - 0.2 0.5 1,0 - 2. Agidol-1 - - 1,0 - 0.5 3. Neozone 0.3 - - 0.7 0.5 four. Tricresyl phosphate 4.0 5,0 5,0 5,0 7.0 5. Benzotriazole 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.1 0,07 6. VISCOPLEX 12-310 15,5 14.0 - 10.0 20,0 7. Polymethylsiloxane 0,0002 - 0,0005 0,0003 0,0004 8. Dioctylsebacinate Up to 100 Up to 100 10.0 Up to 100 10.0 9. PAO-4 - - Up to 100 - Up to 100

table 2 The test results of the samples of the proposed gear motor oil. №№ pp The name of indicators Samples of the proposed gear motor oil Prototype oil sample one 2 3 four 5 one Kinematic viscosity, mm ² / s at: - 100 ° C 7.69 7.52 3.8 5.8 8.7 3.8 - minus 40 ° C 7500 7300 4800 6900 8800 3000 2 Pour point, ° C minus 57 minus 59 minus 60 minus 59 minus 58 minus 60 3 Flash point in open crucible, ° С 220 220 204 220 204 190 four Tribological characteristics determined on a four-ball friction machine - critical load (P _to ) N (kgf) 84 89 80 89 89 71 - indicator of wear at axial load of 196N (20 kgf), mm 0.29 0.32 0.45 0.30 0.35 0.4 5 Thermo-oxidative stability at 200 ° C for 50 hours at an air flow rate of (10 + 0.5) dm ³ / h according to GOST 23797:
Properties after oxidation: a) kinematic viscosity, mm ² / s at - 100 ° C 9.13 7.97 5.2 6.7 10.5 4,55 - minus 40 ° C 8040 9050 6300 8100 11200 5400 b) acid number, mg KOH / g oil 1.43 1.27 1.12 1.14 1.12 3,1

Claims (3)

1. Base gear motor oil containing antioxidant, phosphoric acid aryl ester and benzotriazole, characterized in that it contains diisooctyl sebacinate or its mixture with polyalphaolefin oil and additionally contains a thickening agent based on VISCOPX 12-polyalkyl methacrylate in an amount providing oil viscosity of 5-8 mm ² / s at 100 ° C, in the following ratio of components, wt.%: Antioxidant 0.1-2.0 Phosphoric Acrylate 1.0-7.0 Benzotriazole 0.005-0.01 Additive VISCOPLEX 12-310 10.0-20.0 Base oil Up to 100 2. Motor gear oil according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains an antioxidant of the amine or phenolic type or a mixture thereof. 3. Motor gear oil according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises polymethylsiloxane in an amount of 0.0003-0.0005 wt.%.