RU2282657C1 - Apparatus for treating petroleum feedstock before thermodestructive processes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: petroleum processing.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to pretreating petroleum feedstock before delayed coking processes, thermal cracking, viscosity breaking. Apparatus comprises cylindrical casing provided with connecting pipes for charging feedstock and discharging separation products. Casing additionally has (i) raw mix-supply connecting pipes mounted tangentially and allowing raw mix entering clockwise and counter-clockwise and (ii) discharge connecting pipes mounted in perpendicular to the axis of casing and allowing raw mix leaving central part of casing. Inlet and outlet connecting pipes are connected to manifolds linked to centrifugal pump.

EFFECT: increased homogeneity of treated petroleum feedstock for charging into furnace coil of thermodestructive process plants.

4 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the refining industry, in particular to equipment for the preparation of raw materials for thermodestructive processes (delayed coking, thermal cracking, visbreaking).

A known apparatus for the preparation of coking raw materials for producing petroleum coke, containing a hollow intermediate tank with nozzles for loading the raw material mixture and unloading the separation products, is connected by a piping system to a heating furnace and a distillation column (V.P. Zaporin and others. Choice and justification of the cracking processing flow chart -gasoil installations 43-107 with the receipt of needle coke and high index raw materials for carbon black. // Oil refining and petrochemicals, 1998, No. 9, p. 28).

The disadvantage of this apparatus is the low efficiency of the preparation of raw materials for high-temperature heating in the furnace coil, causing a decrease in the overhaul mileage of the furnace due to heterogeneity of the liquid medium (load) and a deterioration in the quality of the products (coke).

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the claimed object is an apparatus for the preparation of coking raw materials for producing petroleum coke, containing a cylindrical body with nozzles for loading the raw material mixture and unloading separation products, connected by a piping system to a heating furnace and distillation column, while the raw material loading nozzles are placed axially and tangentially on a removable cylindrical cup mounted inside the housing, and in the housing opposite the cylindrical cup an additional tangential inlet nozzle stabilizing raw material component (Pat. Russian №2196165, op. 10.01.2003).

The disadvantage of this apparatus is the lack of homogeneity of the prepared raw materials — loading the coil of the furnace of thermo-destructive process units with an uneven supply of raw materials into the apparatus, which leads to a decrease in the overhaul mileage and a deterioration in the quality of the products.

The technical result to which the invention is directed is to increase the uniformity of the prepared raw materials with an uneven supply of raw materials to the apparatus.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the known apparatus for preparing raw materials for thermo-destructive processes, including a cylindrical body with nozzles for loading the initial raw material mixture and unloading separation products, connected by a piping system to a heating furnace and a distillation column, according to the invention, is additionally equipped with raw material input nozzles and nozzles the output of the raw material mixture, placed opposite each other uniformly along the height of the cylindrical body, while the nozzle input mounted tangentially to input the raw mix in the clockwise and counterclockwise, and output pipes are installed perpendicular to the housing axis to output the raw meal from the central part of the cylindrical body, wherein the input and output pipes communicated with input and output manifolds associated centrifugal pump.

It is advisable to make the passage holes of the outlet pipes of the raw material mixture with the possibility of outputting equal amounts of the raw material mixture to the output collector.

It is advisable to carry out the output collector with the area of the passage opening greater than the sum of the areas of the passage holes of the outlet pipes of the raw mix.

It is advisable to provide the cylindrical body with at least three nozzles for introducing the raw material mixture and at least three nozzles for discharging the raw mixture.

The above essential features of the proposed device allow you to create two mixing zones of the incoming raw materials: one of them with intensive mass transfer between the flows is located in the centrifugal circulation pump zone, the other - due to the inlet and outlet ports of the raw material mixture covers the entire volume of the cylindrical body. As a result of the creation of such zones, there is an increase in the homogeneity of the prepared raw material mixture — loading the coil of the furnace of a delayed coking unit, or thermal cracking, or visbreaking.

The implementation of the exhaust manifold with the above-mentioned area of the orifice helps to reduce the risk of cavitation in a centrifugal pump.

The proposed apparatus is illustrated by the drawings shown in figures 1-3.

Figure 1 shows a General view of the proposed device, figure 2 is a section along aa of figure 1, figure 3 is a section along bb figure 1.

The raw material preparation apparatus comprises a hollow cylindrical body 1 with a nozzle 2 for loading the initial raw material mixture, a nozzle 3 for unloading the prepared raw material mixture, a nozzle 4 for unloading a combined-gas mixture. In addition, the housing 1 is equipped with nozzles input 5, 6, 7 of the raw material mixture and nozzles output 8, 9, 10 of the raw material mixture from the housing 1. The nozzles 5, 6, 7 are installed tangentially and with the ability to enter the raw material mixture clockwise and counterclockwise, and nozzles 8, 9, 10 are installed perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the housing and with the possibility of withdrawing the raw material mixture from the central part of the apparatus. Inlet nozzles 5, 6, 7 and outlet nozzles 8, 9, 10 are placed evenly along the height of the housing against each other and are interconnected by collectors 11 and 12, to which a centrifugal pump 13 is connected.

The proposed device operates as follows. The initial raw materials in a predetermined ratio enter the pipe 1 into the housing 1 or directly to the intake of the pump 13, where due to the presence of a reserve (reserve) of the raw material mixture, the composition of the mixture is equalized (averaged) from the uneven supply of the original raw components. The latter, upon receipt, are located in height of the housing 1 in layers. However, the outlet pipes 8, 9,10 simultaneously withdraw these layers and feed them into the collector 11 in equal quantities to receive the pump 13, where they are intensively mixed by the rotor blades of the centrifugal pump and the subsequent return of the resulting raw material mixture through the collector 12 to the housing 1 through the inlet pipes 5, 6, 7. The alignment of the values of flow rates for the outlet pipes 8, 9, 10 is achieved due to the different values of their diameters. The prepared raw material mixture is discharged through the pipe 3 and fed to the furnace loading pump (not shown), the steam-gas mixture is discharged through the pipe 4 into a distillation column (not shown).

Thus, this design solution of the proposed apparatus allows, due to the reserve of raw materials, separate withdrawal of the raw mix from different parts of the casing in equal amounts, mixing them with a centrifugal circulating pump, re-separation and introducing the resulting mixture into the casing with additional hydrodynamic mixing, to obtain a more uniform raw composition . Loading the coil of the furnace of thermo-destructive processes with more prepared raw materials ensures an increase in the overhaul runs of the furnace, an increase in the productivity and quality of products, as well as an expansion of the resources of the raw materials of the thermo-destructive processes.

Claims (4)

1. The apparatus for the preparation of petroleum raw materials for thermo-destructive processes, including a cylindrical body with nozzles for loading the initial raw material mixture and unloading separation products, connected by a piping system to a heating furnace and a distillation column, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with nozzles for introducing the raw mixture and nozzles for discharging the raw mixture placed opposite each other uniformly along the height of the cylindrical body, while the input pipes are installed tangentially with the possibility of input yrevoy mixture in the clockwise and counterclockwise, and nozzles mounted perpendicularly to the axis O of the cylindrical body to output the raw meal from the central portion thereof, wherein the input and output pipes communicated with input and output manifolds associated centrifugal pump. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the through holes of the outlet pipes of the raw material mixture are configured to output equal amounts of the raw material mixture to the exhaust manifold. 3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the output collector is made with an area of the passage opening, greater than the sum of the areas of the passage holes of the outlet pipes of the raw material mixture. 4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that at least three nozzles for inputting the raw material mixture and at least three nozzles for outputting the raw mixture are installed on the cylindrical body.

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