RU2282056C2 - Peristaltic pump - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: pump is designed for use in different industries, mainly in process lines for production of ceramic, concrete and other articles for handling different liquids. Pump contains cylindrical housing with elastic hoses arranged over periphery and longitudinally relative to housing, and coupled with inlet and outlet manifolds. Pressure member is installed in middle part of housing on drive shaft. Working surface of pressure member acting onto elastic hoses is made to helix line. Pressure member is made as group of eccentrics with freely fitted-on ring heads. Elastic hoses are arranged parallel to generating line of cylindrical housing, and each hose is laid in space limited from two side with stops fixed relative to circumference of cylindrical housing. Stops can be fastened by one end in holders freely fitted on drive shaft between eccentrics. Arms of sprockets freely fitted on drive shaft between eccentrics can be used as stops. At least one arm of sprocket should be fixed relative to housing.

EFFECT: improved efficiency of operation of peristaltic pump featuring high capacity and uniform delivery of handled liquid medium without pulsating pressures.

Description

The invention relates to a device designed for pumping fluids, and may find application in various industries. However, the preferred field of application of the invention is the building materials industry, where the inventive peristaltic pump can be used in technological lines for the production of ceramic, concrete, etc. products for pumping various liquids, mortars and other fluid raw materials.

State of the art

Known designs of peristaltic pumps (see description to ed. St. Petersburg No. 1716193, F 04 B 43/12, publ. 02.29.92; description of patent RU 2065996, F 04 B 43/12, publ. 27.08.96), comprising a housing in which an elastic tubular working body is placed on the support element — an elastic hose or several flexible hoses, and pressure elements acting on the working body that make reciprocating movements from an actuator including an eccentric shaft whose axis is parallel to the axes of the elastic hoses.

The main disadvantage of the above-described pump designs is their low productivity, which limits their use in the production of building materials and other industries where pumping of large volumes of liquid is required. This is due to the fact that the use of pressure elements in the design of pumps moving from one drive eccentric shaft limits the number of sleeves (elastic hoses) that pressure elements can act with the required force. In addition, when placing several elastic hoses in the same plane, which occurs when they are installed relative to one supporting element, and when pressure elements act on all elastic hoses at the same time (i.e. in one phase), an increased pulsation of the pumped fluid supply takes place. In one of the solutions described above (certificate No. 1716193), an attempt was made to eliminate increased ripple due to the introduction of a pulsation mechanism in the design of the device in the form of an additional pressure element. established with the possibility of interaction with the working body at its exit. In another invention (patent RU 2065996), this drawback is somewhat mitigated by the presence of two elastic hoses, the phase of the “traveling wave” of which is 180 degrees shifted relative to each other, and the leads of the hoses are connected to the collector. Upon receipt of fluid flows in antiphase into the collector, pressure pulsations are superimposed and, as a result, pressure pulsations are smoothed out at the collector outlet. However, both in that and in another solution, the problem of low pump productivity, due to the limited number of transported flows, remains unresolved.

There are known designs of peristaltic pumps (see author's certificate No. 731048, author's certificate No. 1590649, author's certificate No. 1740776, IPC F 04 B 43/12), including a cylindrical body, in the bore of which an elastic hose is installed , which is affected by the rotor in the form of a spiral spring, creating a traveling wave of deformation of the hose and thus providing movement in the volume of the elastic hose of the pumped medium. However, these designs are also characterized by low productivity and increased ripple.

The invention is known according to patent US 3.229.643, which protects the design of a rotary pump containing a cylindrical housing, an elastic diaphragm, the ends of which are fixed to the ends of the housing, forming a working chamber with its inner surface, the annular volume of which can be divided into longitudinal zones by connecting the diaphragm to the housing by its generators. In the volume of the cylindrical body, eccentrics with annular nozzles are installed on the drive shaft, made with working surfaces placed along a helical line and acting on the longitudinal zones of the working chamber with the formation of “traveling waves” displaced in a certain phase from each other in each zone.

The design of the pump according to the patent US 3.229.643, at first glance, should ensure high productivity of the device and a relatively uniform movement of the pumped medium with minor ripples. However, such a pump is characterized by very low reliability. This is due to the fact that when the eccentrics act on the diaphragm, the latter undergoes a shift in the direction of rotation. At high speeds, this leads to the separation of the diaphragm from the housing, and therefore, the working chamber between the diaphragm and the housing becomes a single volume, without any longitudinal zones, which negates the suction capacity of the pump and accordingly reduces its performance. At the same time, the diaphragm “twists” together with the eccentrics, which leads to its damage.

As a prototype of the claimed invention, a solution of a peristaltic pump (see SU 1209928, F 04 B 43/12) was adopted, comprising a casing in the cylindrical bore of which elastic hoses are installed and a rotor with a screw roller mounted on the axis is made in the form of a spiral groove the rotor of a flexible cylindrical cord with an axis in the form of a cable missed along the entire length of this cord, the ends of which are fixed to the rotor. The ends of the elastic hoses are connected to the input and output headers, and the hoses themselves are laid at an angle to the generatrix of the cylindrical body equal to the angle of elevation of the helix of the roller.

When the rotor rotates, the screw roller rolls over elastic hoses, moving the pumped medium from the inlet manifold to the outlet manifold along them. Since the pumping of the liquid takes place in several flows entering the output manifold with a phase shift, ripples are suppressed in the output manifold, and the fluid exits the pump in a uniform flow. Due to the location of the hoses at an angle to the generatrix of the housing, equal to the angle of elevation of the helix of the roller acting on them, the direction of movement of the roller along the hoses coincides with the axis of these hoses, which reduces their lateral shifts. However, the location of the hoses at an angle to the generatrix of the housing significantly reduces the efficiency of the pump and its performance. This is due to the fact that with such an arrangement of the hoses in the volume of the cylindrical body, the plane of the cross section of the hose and the plane of the cross section of the body are also at an angle to each other, and provide the necessary contact contact of the hose with the inner surface of the body at the time of clamping the hose with a roller so that completely eliminate the gap between the walls of the hose, it is not possible. And since there is no complete clamping of the hose, the suction capacity of the device decreases, as well as not the entire volume of that part of the stream that should move to the output manifold rushes in the desired direction, i.e. there is a significant decrease in the efficiency of the device, including reduced productivity.

Disclosure of invention

The claimed invention solves the problem of increasing the efficiency of the peristaltic pump, characterized by high performance and uniform flow of the pumped fluid without pulsating pressures.

The problem is solved in that in the construction of a peristaltic pump containing a cylindrical body, in the volume of which elastic hoses are placed around the periphery and longitudinally of the body, connected to the inlet and outlet manifold, and in the middle part of the said volume, a pressure element is installed on the drive shaft, the working surface of which acting on elastic hoses constitutes a helix, according to the claimed invention, the pressure element is made in the form of a combination of eccentrics with freely mounted and nozzles are annular, flexible hoses arranged parallel to the generatrix of the cylindrical body, and each hose is passed in the space bounded on both sides by stops, fixed with respect to the circumference of the cylindrical housing. The stops can be made at one end fixed in cages freely mounted on the drive shaft between the eccentrics, or as stops can be rays of sprockets freely mounted on the drive shaft between the eccentrics, at least one beam of the sprocket must be fixed in relation to the body.

In a particular implementation of the solution, the pump casing is made detachable and with opposed longitudinal grooves in the places of the connector, while fixing the sprockets with stops can be carried out by installing at least one beam, and preferably two diametrically spaced rays in the said grooves.

Also, in the particular case of execution of the pump design, ring nozzles on eccentrics can be mounted by means of bearing assemblies or sliding bushes, and ring nozzles are made with an external one, i.e. acting on the hoses, a surface that is a second-order rotation surface that provides a curved outer surface of this element, passing into the end surfaces of the eccentrics through a rounded chamfer, and the curvature of the outer surface is characterized by a radius shape.

It is preferable that the eccentrics be seated on the pump shaft with an offset of 45 degrees relative to each other, while it is also preferable to design with eight hoses placed in the housing at a distance of 45 degrees from each other, with each cage should be equipped with eight stops, passing in between adjacent hoses. However, it is possible to implement a device with twelve hoses placed in the housing at a distance between their axes of 30 degrees from each other, and equipped with twelve stops extending in the spaces between adjacent hoses.

The rotation drive of the pump drive shaft is made in the form of an electric motor connected to the shaft through a belt drive, and in order to control the pump performance, the electric motor is made with a frequency converter.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The invention is illustrated by drawings, in which:

figure 1 presents the peristaltic pump, a longitudinal section;

figure 2 - fragment I of figure 1 (enlarged)

figure 2 is the same, cross section (section aa in figure 1, enlarged);

The implementation of the invention

The inventive peristaltic pump contains a cylindrical housing 1, in the internal volume of which longitudinally the housing and parallel to its forming cylinder elastic hoses are placed 2. A drive shaft 3 is installed coaxially to the cylindrical housing 1, through a belt drive 4 connected to an electric motor (not shown in the drawing). On the shaft 3, the eccentrics 5 are rigidly set, turned relative to each other by 45 degrees, while the protruding parts of the eccentrics form a helix. The eccentrics 5 are made with annular nozzles 6, while bearings 7 are placed between the annular nozzle 6 and the main part of the eccentric, rigidly connected to the drive shaft (it is possible to install the annular nozzle through a sleeve, for example, bronze, which allows the slip ring and the main part of the eccentric to slide freely ( not shown). The outer surface of the annular nozzle 6 is made rounded to the sides of the eccentric and can be made in the form of a second-order surface of rotation. They are connected to the input manifold 8, and the outputs with the output manifold 9 passing into the outlet pipe 10. Between the eccentrics are sprockets, the beams 11 of which act as stops for elastic hoses 2. When the number of hoses installed in the housing is eight, i.e. the axes of the hoses will be placed at an angle of 45 degrees relative to each other, the sprockets are made with eight beams-stops placed between the hoses 2. It is possible to design a device with twelve hoses placed in the housing at a distance between their axes of 30 degrees (n e), or with six with the appropriate number of stops. The housing 1 is made detachable and along the connector line has longitudinal grooves 12 (see FIG. 3), in which two diametrically opposed sprocket 11 are mounted. This installation provides fixation of the stops relative to the circumference of the housing, but does not prevent the longitudinal displacement of the stops along the elastic hoses 2 supported by them.

The peristaltic pump operates as follows. The drive shaft of the pump by means of a belt drive 4 is driven into rotation from the electric motor when it is turned on. When the drive shaft rotates, the eccentrics 5, rotated relative to each other by an angle of 45 ° (see section G-D, ..., H-H), rotate, run onto elastic hoses 2 arranged around the circumference around the drive shaft and sequentially pinch their passage section. In this case, the following holds.

The suction stroke, the transported medium (liquid) from the inlet manifold enters the volume of the elastic hose, while

1) the section GG is compressed;

2) at the moment of compression of the DD section, the G-G section is unclenched and the fluid from the intake manifold is drawn into the elastic hose and passes through the G-G section;

3) at the time of compression of the cross section EE, the cross section DD is expanded and the fluid passes through it;

4) at the moment of compressing the section F-F, the section E-E is expanded and the fluid passes through it;

and so on to the cross-sectional position MM

5) at the moment of compression of the М-М section, the Л-Л section is expanded and the fluid passes through it;

Thus, the fluid was drawn into the hose.

6) at the time of the clamped section H-H, the section G-G is also compressed (section B-B - the upper hose). Thus, the fluid was trapped in the volume of the elastic hose on both sides.

The suction stroke is over.

Intermediate measure:

7) at the time of the expanded section Н-Н, the section Г-Г is also expanded.

Displacement cycle, fluid from volume

8) at the moment of compression of the DD section, the fluid displaced (conditionally) between the G-D and DD sections is displaced.

9) at the moment of clamping of the cross section Е-Е, the liquid is displaced, enclosed (conditionally) between the cross sections Д-Д and Е-Е.

10) at the time of clamping the section F-Zh, the liquid is displaced, enclosed (conditionally) between the sections E-E and F.

11) at the time of clamping the cross-section HN, the remainder of the liquid is displaced into the exhaust manifold.

The crowding out cycle is over.

In parallel with the cycle of displacing fluid from the volume of the upper hose, the process of suction of the transported fluid into the volume of the lower hose is in progress.

Thus, all eight hoses work, with the only difference being that the cycles in them occur with a phase shift (shift) of 45 °.

The sprockets located between the eccentrics by means of the stops 11 protect the hoses from winding them onto the drive shaft, i.e. the stops limit the degree of mobility of the hoses, which ensures efficient and uninterrupted operation of the pump with a sufficiently high productivity.

In this case, the pump performance, if necessary, can be controlled by changing the shaft speed and by means of a frequency converter. The higher the speed of the drive shaft, the greater the pump performance.

Claims (11)

1. A peristaltic pump containing a cylindrical body, in the volume of which elastic hoses are placed on the periphery, connected with the inlet and outlet manifold, in the middle part of the said volume, a pressure element is installed on the drive shaft, the working surface of which acting on the elastic hoses constitutes a helix, characterized in that the pressure element is made in the form of a set of eccentrics, elastic hoses are placed parallel to the generatrix of the cylindrical body, and each hose is passed into space ve, limited on both sides by stops fixed in relation to the circumference of the cylindrical body and spaced along its length with placement between the eccentrics. 2. The pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the stops are made in the form of sprocket rays freely mounted on the drive shaft between the eccentrics, at least one sprocket beam is fixed relative to the housing. 3. The pump according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the housing is detachable and with opposed longitudinal grooves in the places of the connector, while fixing the sprockets with support beams is carried out by installing diametrically spaced rays of each asterisk in said grooves. 4. The pump according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the eccentrics are made with ring nozzles freely mounted on them. 5. The pump according to claim 4, characterized in that the annular nozzles on the eccentrics are mounted by means of bearing assemblies. 6. The pump according to claim 4, characterized in that the annular nozzles on the eccentrics are mounted by means of a sleeve with a surface that allows these elements to slide relative to each other. 7. The pump according to claim 4, characterized in that the annular nozzles are made with a curved outer surface, which is a second-order rotation surface. 8. The pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the eccentrics are mounted on a shaft with an offset of 45 ° relative to each other. 9. The pump according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is made with eight hoses placed in the housing at a distance between their axes at 45 ° from each other, and is equipped with eight stops passing in the spaces between adjacent hoses. 10. The pump according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is made with twelve hoses placed in the housing at a distance between the axles of 30 ° from each other, and is equipped with twelve stops that extend between the adjacent hoses. 11. The pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotation drive of the drive shaft is made in the form of an electric motor connected to the shaft through a belt drive and equipped with a frequency converter.

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