RU2282053C2 - Combination extraction power station - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heat power engineering.

SUBSTANCE: proposed combination extraction power station contains additionally solar heat supply system including high pressure heat exchanger for heating water by sun rays, steam generator for generating steam with parameters corresponding to parameters of steam generated in boiler which is connected by steam and water pipeline to extraction power station forming closed circuit with circulating and heated to high temperature water, consumers, make-up reservoir, system to heat water in high pressure heat exchanger of solar heat supply system at no sun in winter time and mirrors to focus sun rays of housing of high pressure heat exchanger and regulate temperature of water in heat exchanger.

EFFECT: reduced expenses for buying and carrying expensive organic fuel owing to used of solar energy.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of energy, and more particularly to combined heating and power plants, which produce and sell to consumers thermal and electrical energy.

Known solar combined power plant (see: RF patent No. 2111422 from 05.20.1998, CL 6 F 24 J 2/42) and a combined heating and power plant (see: SU No. 1142855 from 02.28.1985, CL. F 03 G 6/00), designed to generate heat and electricity.

A disadvantage of the known combined cogeneration power plants is the complexity of the design and the inability to use in the absence of the sun (see RF patent No. 2111422).

Also known is a combined heat and power plant, which is the closest analogue of the claimed invention, designed to generate heat and electricity (see: SU No. 1089292 according to class F 03 G 7/02 of 04/30/1984).

A disadvantage of the known analogue is the narrow range of use of the combined heat and power plant.

The technical result achieved by the invention is to expand the range of use and to increase reliability and efficiency.

To achieve the specified technical result, a combined heat and power plant (CTES), including a steam boiler, a turbine with an electric generator, a steam condenser with condensate and feed pumps, low and high pressure water heaters, forming a closed loop with circulating water and heated to high temperature, a solar system heat supply, containing a high pressure heat exchanger for heating water from solar radiation, a steam generator for generating steam with parameters corresponding to According to the steam parameters generated in the boiler, the valves for disconnecting and connecting the steam generator and the boiler for steam and water are made in such a way that the CHPP additionally contains a make-up tank, a deaerator, a system for heating water in a high-pressure heat exchanger in the absence of sun in winter, -cooler for supplying heat to consumers and mirrors for focusing solar radiation on the body of the high pressure heat exchanger.

The proposed cogeneration plant is illustrated in the drawing.

The combined heat and power plant includes a boiler 1 with a valve 2 for shutting it off in a pair, a valve 3 for supplying steam to a turbine 4, an electric generator 5, a reduction and cooling unit (ROW) 6 for supplying thermal energy to consumers 7, a steam condenser 8, a condensate pump 9 , a low-pressure water heater 10, a deaerator 11 for removing gases dissolved in water, a feed pump 12, a valve 13 for turning off the steam boiler through water, a high-pressure water heater 14, a high-pressure heat exchanger of the solar system heat supply 15, a steam generator 16 with valves 17, 18, 19 for shutting it off, respectively, for steam and water, make-up tank 20, a system for heating water in a high-pressure heat exchanger of the solar heating system in the absence of sun in winter time 21, mirrors 22 for focusing the sun radiation on the body of the high pressure heat exchanger and regulating the water temperature in it.

Combined cogeneration plant operates as follows.

Steam from the boiler 1, by opening the valves 2 and 3 is fed to the turbine 4 with an electric generator 5, providing consumers with electricity. The exhaust steam after the turbine enters the steam condenser 8, and the condensate is supplied via a condensate pump 9 through a low-pressure water heater 10 to a deaerator 11, in which the gases dissolved in the water are removed, and then using the feed pump 12 through an open valve 13 and high-pressure water heater 14 water is supplied to boiler 1. At the same time, heat energy is supplied to consumers 7 through ROW 6. Simultaneously with the start-up of the boiler, solar radiation is focused using mirrors 22 onto the body of the high-pressure heat exchanger of the solar system heat supply 15 and heat the water, which circulates due to natural circulation in a closed circuit, transferring its heat to the water of the secondary coolant in the steam generator 16. After reaching the steam parameters in the steam generator, the values corresponding to the steam parameters after boiler 1, the valves 2 and 13 are closed, the steam boiler transferred to the "hot reserve" with minimal fuel consumption. The operation of the cogeneration plant is ensured from the steam generator of the solar heat supply system. At night (or in the absence of sun), the CHPP is operated from boiler 1, turning off the steam generator 16 by water and steam, closing valves 17, 18 and 19, respectively.

Thus, not only reliable and efficient operation of the CHPP is achieved, but also significant fossil fuel economy. Combined TPP can be used in several ways.

Option 1. In the daytime after reaching the parameters of the steam generated by the solar heating system, the necessary values corresponding to the parameters of the steam generated by the boiler 1, the latter is transferred to the “hot reserve” mode by closing the valves 2 and 13, respectively. In this case, steam is supplied to the turbine 4 from the steam generator 16 with the valves 17 and 18 open. Heat energy is supplied to consumers 7 through the ROW 6, and electric energy is supplied from the electric generator 5 rotating on the turbine shaft 4. The spent steam is condensed in the steam condenser 8, and the condensate is the condensate pump 9 through the low-pressure water heater 10 is supplied to the deaerator 11, and from there the feed pump 12 delivers water to the steam generator 16. The water cooled after consumers 7 again enters through the open valve 19 to the steam generator.

Option 2. Combined TPP is used only for heat supply to consumers. In this mode of using the CHPP, steam from the steam generator 16 of the solar heat supply system with closed valves 2, 13, 18 and open valve 17 enters consumers 7 through the ROW 6, and chilled water through the open valve 19 again enters the steam generator 16. In this case, boiler 1, turbine 4 and generator 5 do not work, valve 3 is closed.

Option 3. Combined TPP operates according to the standard scheme of the TPP, and the solar heating system is disabled.

The proposed combined heat and power plant compares favorably with the well-known wide range of its use.

Thus, the proposed combined thermal power plant has a sufficiently high reliability, a wide range of its use and can reduce the cost of the acquisition and transportation of expensive organic fuel through the use of solar energy.

Claims (1)

Combined heat and power plant, including a steam boiler, a turbine with an electric generator, a steam condenser with condensate and feed pumps, low and high pressure water heaters forming a closed loop with circulating water and heated to a high temperature, a solar heat supply system containing a high pressure heat exchanger for heating water from solar radiation, a steam generator for generating steam with parameters corresponding to the parameters of steam generated in the boiler, valves for shutting down and connecting the steam generator and boiler in steam and water, characterized in that it further comprises a make-up tank, a deaerator, a system for heating water in a high-pressure heat exchanger in the absence of sun in winter, a reduction and cooling unit for supplying heat to consumers and focusing mirrors solar radiation on the body of a high pressure heat exchanger.