RU2281155C1 - Gas-and-liquid reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemical and oil refining industries; gas-and-liquid reactors for hydrocarbon material oxidation process by atmospheric oxygen.

SUBSTANCE: proposed gas-and-liquid reactor has vertical cylindrical housing with partition inside it and device secured on this partition for condensation of heavy hydrocarbons from waste oxidation gases, cavitation vortex apparatus made in form of mixing and foam chambers interconnected by means of convergent nozzle and the following technological branch pipes: branch pipe for introduction of raw material into cavitation vertex apparatus in form of nozzle with cavitation ring located along axis of mixing chamber, air supply branch pipe mounted tangentially, branch pipe for discharge of reaction products and branch pipe for discharge of finished oxidized product which is mounted on side of reactor. Reactor is additionally provided with branch pipe for delivery of 5-10% starting raw material to zone above partition on which blind plate for condensation of heavy hydrocarbons from waste oxidation gases is secured and branch pipe for delivery of heavy hydrocarbons in mixture with 90-95% of starting raw material to cavitation vertex apparatus.

EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of reactor due to effective mass exchange at full use of atmospheric oxygen; improved quality of bitumen.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of chemical and oil refining industries, in particular to gas-liquid reactors of hydrocarbon oxidation processes with atmospheric oxygen.

Known gas-liquid reactor for the oxidation of hydrocarbons by atmospheric oxygen (SU 1806002 A3, 03/30/1993), containing a vertical cylindrical body, inside of which there is a separation wall, drain cups fixed therein with caps and a pipe for introducing raw materials and air, and a cavitation-vortex apparatus (KVA) is installed in the middle part of the casing, made in the form of mixing and foam chambers interconnected by means of a narrowing nozzle, while the raw material inlet pipe is located along the axis mesitelnoy chamber and formed as a cavitation nozzle ring and nozzle for supplying air tangentially mounted.

A disadvantage of the known device is the low quality of the finished product, since it is taken from the bottom of the reactor with a softening temperature determined by the ring and ball method (KiS) of 35 ° C, which does not meet the requirements of GOST for road bitumen.

The closest technical solution to the claimed invention is a gas-liquid reactor (RU 2160627 C1, 01 J 10/00, 12/20/2000, Bull. No. 35), containing a vertical cylindrical body, inside of which a dividing wall is installed, drain cups fixed in it, with placed above them caps, a cavitation-vortex apparatus (KVA), made in the form of a mixing and foam chambers interconnected by a tapering nozzle, and technological pipes: a pipe for introducing raw materials into the KVA, located along the mixing axis amers and made in the form of a nozzle with a cavitation ring, a tangentially installed nozzle for air supply, located at the bottom of the reactor, a nozzle for withdrawing the under-oxidized product into the KVA air-feed line, a nozzle for outputting the finished oxidized product, located on the side of the reactor at a distance of 3.5-4, 5 m from the bottom over the KVA.

Known technical solution aimed at solving the problem of increasing the efficiency of the reactor.

However, in the known technical solution, the feed to the KVA is carried out in full, as a result of which heavy hydrocarbons are mixed on the surface of bitumen, which reduces mass transfer and decreases work efficiency, and also worsens the quality of the resulting bitumen inside the reactor, since the oxidation product is mixed with the effluent from the distribution wall of non-oxidized product.

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the reactor by creating a more efficient mass transfer with a more complete use of atmospheric oxygen and improving the quality of the resulting bitumen.

This problem is solved in that a gas-liquid apparatus containing a vertical cylindrical body, inside which a dividing wall is installed with a device for condensing heavy hydrocarbons from oxidation exhaust gases mounted on it, a cavitation-vortex apparatus (KVA), made in the form of a mixing and foam chambers connected between each other by means of a narrowing nozzle, technological branch pipes: a branch pipe for introducing raw materials into the KVA in the form of a nozzle with a cavitation ring located along the axis of the mixing chamber, a tangentially inserted pipe for supplying air, a pipe for outputting reaction products, a pipe for outputting the finished oxidized product located on the side of the reactor, according to the invention further comprises a pipe for supplying 5-10% of the feedstock to the area above the separation partition with a deaf condensation plate fixed to it heavy hydrocarbons from oxidation exhaust gas, a pipe for supplying heavy hydrocarbons in a mixture with 90-95% of the feedstock supplied by KVA, and a pipe for outputting reaction products (oxidized gas) is located on top of the reactor, and the pipe for outputting the finished oxidized product is located at a distance of 2/3 from the bottom above the KVA, and the pipe is located at the bottom of the reactor for complete discharge of the reactor.

The drawing shows a General view of a gas-liquid reactor. The gas-liquid reactor contains a housing 1, a separation partition 2 with a blank plate 3, a cavitation-vortex apparatus 4, a tangential air supply pipe into the cavitation-vortex apparatus 5, a pipe 6 for supplying 5-10% of the raw material into the zone above the separation partition 2 with a blind plate 3, pipe 7 for supplying a mixture of heavy hydrocarbons with 90-95% of the feedstock to the cavitation-vortex apparatus through a nozzle 8, a cavitator 9 installed in the nozzle of the apparatus, a confuser 10 and the housing 11 of the cavitation-vortex apparatus, pipe 12 for discharging oxidized and finished product outlet 13 for the withdrawal of exhaust gas and the oxidation nozzle 14 for complete discharge of the reactor.

Gas-liquid reactor operates as follows. The supply of raw materials takes place in two zones through pipe 6 in an amount of 5-10% of the supplied raw materials to the zone above the separation wall 2 with a blank plate 3 mounted on it to condense heavy hydrocarbons from the oxidation exhaust gas and through pipe 7 to the supply zone of the heavy hydrocarbon mixture with 90-95% of the feedstock to the cavitation-vortex apparatus 4, where, passing through the nozzle 8, acquires a speed of 12-15 m / s. The cavitator 9 installed in the nozzle divides the flow into two parts: the first part acquires axisymmetric movement of 20-30% of the total volume, the remaining volume of 70-80% is injected into the swirling volume of gas, which is supplied to the nozzle 5. As a result of the interaction of the two flows, dispersing the feed in an air stream that has a speed of 25-50 m / s and withdrawing the gas-liquid mixture (volume ratio of feed to air 1: 80-120) through the nozzle 8 of the cavitation-vortex apparatus into the foam zone. In the foam part of the cavitation-vortex apparatus, the flow velocity decreases due to an increase in diameter. Coalescence of a part of the bubbles occurs, as a result of which their size increases to 5-8 mm. Bubbles of this diameter due to pushing move up, but the flow from the nozzle of the apparatus directs them down. As a result of balancing these two forces, the formation of a foam regime occurs in the reaction zone, where at 250-290 ° C the oxidation of oil residues occurs. The finished oxidized product from the reaction zone is discharged on the side of the reactor at a distance of 2/3 of the height of the reactor from the bottom above the cavitation-vortex apparatus, the exhaust oxidation gases are discharged from the top of the reactor.

When conducting industrial tests of the proposed reactor used tar from the installation of ABT with the following properties:

Density, kg / cm ³ 987 Softening temperature according to KiSh, ° С 15.25 Viscosity conditions T = 100 ° C 35

When selecting a product at a distance of 2/3 of the height of the reactor from the bottom above the cavitation-vortex apparatus, ready-made bitumen with a softening temperature in accordance with KiSh 47 ° C is obtained, and according to GOST the softening temperature in KiSh 37 ° C.

The resulting road bitumen meets the requirements of GOST for direct selection from the column and can be used in construction.

Claims (3)

1. A gas-liquid reactor containing a vertical cylindrical body, inside which a dividing wall is mounted with a device for condensation of heavy hydrocarbons from oxidation exhaust gases mounted on it, a cavitation-vortex apparatus made in the form of a mixing and foam chambers interconnected by a narrowing nozzle, technological nozzles: a nozzle for introducing raw materials into the cavitation-vortex apparatus in the form of a nozzle with a cavitation ring located along the axis of the mixing chamber is installed tangentially outlet pipe for supplying air, a pipe for outputting reaction products, a pipe for outputting the finished oxidized product located on the side of the reactor, characterized in that it further comprises a pipe for supplying 5-10% of the feedstock to the zone above the separation wall with a blind plate for condensation of heavy hydrocarbons from oxidation exhaust gases, a pipe for supplying heavy hydrocarbons in a mixture with 90-95% of the feedstock in a cavitation-vortex apparatus. 2. The gas-liquid reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the pipe for outputting the finished oxidized product is located at a distance of 2/3 of the height of the reactor from the bottom above the cavitation-vortex apparatus. 3. The gas-liquid reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that a pipe is located at the bottom of the reactor for complete discharge of the reactor.