RU2278993C1 - Diaphragm pump (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: device is designed for use in transfer and metering systems of toxic, aggressive, sterile, food and other liquids. Proposed pump contains two flexible diaphragms, two electromagnetic drives, suction and delivery valves. Semispherical concentric grooves in form of wave profile at two sides of diaphragms made of plane elastic material from common working chamber accommodating suction and delivery valves. Electromagnetic drives are installed at two sides of said chamber. Armature of drives are rigidly connected with diaphragms, and their forced are directed to opposite sides. Valves of pump are made of non-metallic material in form of common part with spherical head and cutting spring. Second version contains description of design of single-acting pump.

EFFECT: simplified adjustment at simple design and increased reliability.

3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of engineering and can be used for pumping and dosing toxic, aggressive, sterile, food and other liquids.

Diaphragm pumps with an electromagnetic drive are increasingly used due to the simplicity of design, the absence of gaskets, the use of modern materials for membranes, the ease of regulation of performance and low energy consumption.

Known diaphragm pumps for pumping solutions of aggressive substances and other liquids (1), (2). As a prototype, a diaphragm pump (3) was selected, containing two metering heads, two elastic membranes, an electromagnetic drive with two solenoids, and a movable armature connected by a pusher to the membranes. The yoke of each of the solenoids has threaded inserts, which are stops for the armature disk and, when turning, can simultaneously move along the axis of the armature in opposite directions. The membranes are made of sheet elastic material and are fixed between two conical surfaces with a cone angle of 45 ° with respect to the plane of the membranes.

The specified pump, having certain advantages over other analogues, is still not without some drawbacks.

The maximum performance of the specified diaphragm pump is determined by the course of the armature, the frequency of its oscillations and the area of the membrane. The anchor is rigidly connected to the membrane and its course is usually insignificant, and the generation frequency created by the multivibrator in this case can vary from 0.05 to 3 Hz, which does not allow to obtain high performance. The pump diaphragms are made of elastic sheet material and fixed between the conical surfaces. Such fastening does create a reliable grip, but the sheet material on the conical surface forms folds along which leakages from the injection cavity are possible. In said pump, two metering heads with ball valves and elastic membranes are mounted on both sides of the split housing. Ball valves create shock loads during pump operation, and when pumping aggressive liquids this leads to their rapid wear. When the pump is operating on a common line, an additional connection of the heads is required. The supply voltage to the solenoid windings is supplied alternately from the rectangular pulse power supply, while the discharge pressure is created either in the right or in the left dosing head, which creates variable loads on the fixture of the heads and the pump support. As a generator of rectangular voltage pulses, a symmetric multivibrator is used, in the shoulders of which are included solenoid windings. This is a rather complicated device, which complicates the operation of the pump.

The technical result of the invention is to obtain high performance while simplifying its regulation, combined with simplicity of design and increased reliability.

According to the first embodiment, the technical result is achieved by the fact that in the proposed membrane pump, concentric grooves are made on the membranes of flat elastic material on both sides so that a wave profile is formed in the section, and they also form a common working chamber. On both sides of this chamber are installed electromagnetic actuators, the anchors of which are rigidly connected to the membranes, and their efforts are directed in different directions. Suction and discharge valves are installed in the working chamber, which are made of non-metallic material in the form of a single part with a spherical head and a slotted spring. This design solution allows you to double the pump performance for each cycle of its operation, but since these cycles are repeated at a frequency of 3000 vibrations per minute, the overall pump performance is quite high. Since the simultaneous movements of the anchors of the electromagnets are directed in different directions, the wavy surface of the membranes, which are rigidly fixed to the anchors, when they move, causes only bending forces in them, which increases their service life. Pump valves made of non-metallic material in the form of a single part with a spherical head and slotted spring allow the pump to be used for pumping any aggressive, sterile and food liquids with a sharp decrease in noise and increased reliability. The performance of the pump is regulated by changing the supply voltage to the windings of the electromagnet coils by turning the handle of the voltage regulator, while the force of attraction of the anchors decreases or increases, and therefore, the amplitude of oscillations of the membranes rigidly connected with them, which will lead to a change in the volume of the displaced fluid. The simplicity of such an adjustment is obvious. In addition, the pump has no rotating or rubbing parts, which ensures safety and additional reliability of its operation.

Figure 1 presents a sketch of the inventive device.

Two electromagnetic drives 1 containing a stator 2, coils 3, anchors 4 and a spring 5 are mounted on both sides of a common working chamber 6, which is formed by a support 12 and two flat elastic membranes 7, rigidly connected to the anchors 4 by means of clamping screws 8. The membranes are made from a sheet of elastic material resistant to the pumped media (fluoroplastic), and have concentric recesses on both sides, which in the section form a wave profile (Figure 2). The thickness of the wave part of the membrane is from 1 to 6 mm, depending on its diameter and the magnitude of the pump discharge pressure. The common working chamber is equipped with a suction 9 and pressure 10 valves. The valve device is made in the form of a single part with a spherical head and a slotted spring made of non-metallic material (fluoroplastic).

The cases of the electromagnets 1 and the working chamber 6 are sealed through a membrane 7 by a tie rod of the studs 11 to a support 12, through which the device is fixed on the object.

The device operates as follows.

When voltage is applied simultaneously to the coils 3 of both electromagnets 1 through a half-wave rectifier and voltage regulator, the stators 2 are magnetized, the anchors 4 are retracted and the springs 5 are compressed, while the membranes 1, rigidly connected by clamping screws 8 to the anchors 4, increase the volume of the common working chamber 6, and the liquid through the suction valve 9 fills it. In the next half-cycle, the voltage on the coils of electromagnets is absent, and the anchors 4 under the action of the compression forces of the springs move in the opposite direction, while the membranes 7 reduce the volume of the chamber 6, displacing the liquid through the discharge valve 10. This cycle is repeated at a frequency of 3000 vibrations per minute with an oscillation amplitude anchors 2 mm. For example, with the parameters of a pump with a membrane with a diameter of 200 mm, a spring stiffness of 500 kg / cm and an amplitude of oscillation of the armature of 2 mm, its productivity is 20m / h.

Known diaphragm pump (4). The pump contains a diaphragm mounted between the housing and the cover, connected to the actuator, suction and discharge valves. The pump diaphragm is made in the form of a package of films of polyethylene terephthalate with a thickness of 5-20 microns, and the sealing elements of the valves are made of the same material with a thickness of 25-150 microns. The pump can be used for pumping aggressive and sterile fluids. The diaphragm in the pump works in tension, and this, when operating at high pressure and high flow rates, can cast doubt on its reliability. There are pumps whose membranes are made with a wave profile. However, these membranes are pressed from rubber and are not suitable for use in sterile or aggressive environments.

The technical result of the invention is to obtain high performance while simplifying its regulation, combined with simplicity of design and increased reliability.

According to the second embodiment, the technical result is achieved by the fact that in the proposed membrane pump, concentric grooves are made on the membrane of flat elastic material on both sides so that a wave profile is formed in the cut, and the suction and discharge valves are made of non-metallic material in the form of a single part with a spherical head and slotted spring. In the proposed device, the membrane is made of a flat sheet of fluoroplastic, which cannot be pressed.

Figure 3 presents a sketch of the claimed device.

The pump consists of an electromagnetic drive 1, containing a stator 2, a coil 3, a spring 4 and an armature 5. The working chamber is formed by a flat elastic membrane 6, rigidly connected to the armature 5 by means of a clamping screw 8 and a cover 7. The membrane is made of elastic sheet material resistant to pumped media (fluoroplastic), and has on both sides concentric recesses, which in the context form a wave profile (Figure 2). The thickness of the wave part of the membrane is from 1 to 6 mm, depending on its diameter and the magnitude of the pump discharge pressure. The working chamber is equipped with a discharge 9 and suction 10 valves. The valve device is made in the form of a single part with a spherical head and a slotted spring made of non-metallic material (fluoroplastic). The electromagnet housing 1 and the cover 7 are sealed through a membrane 6 and tightened with bolts 11. The cover has an opening 12 through which the device is suspended from the support. The pump has fittings for the inlet 13 and outlet 14 of the pumped liquid.

The device suspended from the support acts as a submersible pump. When voltage is applied to the coils 3 of the electromagnet 1 through a half-wave rectifier and a voltage regulator, the stator 2 is magnetized, the armature 5 is retracted and the springs 4 are compressed, while the membrane 6, rigidly connected by the clamping screw 8 to the armature 5, increases the volume of the working chamber, and the liquid through the suction valve 10 fills it. In the next half-cycle, the voltage on the coils of the electromagnet is absent, and the armature 5 under the action of the compression force of the spring 4 moves in the opposite direction, while the membrane 6 reduces the volume of the chamber, displacing the liquid through the discharge valve 9. This cycle is repeated at a frequency of 3000 vibrations per minute. For example, a pump with a membrane with a diameter of 90 mm, a spring stiffness of 100 kg / cm and an arm oscillation amplitude of 2 mm has a capacity of 0.5 m / h from a depth of 20 meters.

Information sources

1. Patent of Russia No. 1753035, M. Cl. 6 F 04 B 43/00.

2. US Patent No. 5011379, M. Cl. F 04 B 45/04.

3. Patent of Russia No. 2160383, M. Cl. 7 A 04 B 43/04.

4. Patent of Russia No. 1753035, Cl. 6 F 04 B 43/00.

Claims (2)

1. A diaphragm pump containing membranes made of flat elastic material, an electromagnetic actuator, suction and discharge valves, characterized in that concentric grooves are made on the membranes on both sides so that a wave profile is formed in the section and they also form a common working chamber, with on both sides of which electromagnetic drives are installed, the forces of the anchors of which are directed in different directions, while the valves of the pump are made of non-metallic material in the form of a single part with a spherical head and slotted spring. 2. A diaphragm pump containing a membrane of flat elastic material, an electromagnetic actuator, suction and discharge valves, characterized in that concentric grooves are made on the membrane on both sides so that a wave profile is formed in the section, and the pump valves are made of non-metallic material in as a single part with a spherical head and slotted spring.

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