RU2278495C2 - Apparatus for manual planting of seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture, in particular, agricultural tools.

SUBSTANCE: apparatus has seed guide, seed funnel fixed in upper part of seed guide, and shutter fixed in lower part of seed guide and adapted for closing of seed guide opening. Shutter is mounted on seed guide for rotation by means of rod and spring. Upper end of seed guide is positioned within seed funnel at place above bottom and is equipped with detachable stopper. Lower end of seed guide is equipped with shoe provided in its front portion with skirt. Upper part of shoe is continued with spade. Shoe is fixed on seed guide at an angle of 120 deg. Seed funnel is divided by partitions into sections. Shutter is made in the form of gate pivotally fixed on seed guide.

EFFECT: simplified construction of apparatus, reduced labor intensity and decreased time consumed by worker for planting of seeds.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture and can be used for manual planting of seeds.

Sowing seeds into pre-prepared grooves in the beds is a tedious operation due to the fact that the operator performs this work in a bent state. For older people, working in this position is especially tiring, and often simply contraindicated.

Known devices that simplify the performance of this work and, as a result, reduce operator fatigue. (See RU No. 96111303 A, 09/20/1998 or RU No. 92012295 A, 02/27/1997).

Closest to the design of the claimed device is the "Hand Sazhalka" - the invention of the Oryol State Agricultural Academy (see RU No. 2109430 C1, 04/27/1998). The known device includes a vas deferens, in the upper part of which a funnel for seeds is fixed, and in the lower part there is a damper for closing the opening of the vas deferens, mounted on the vas deferens with the possibility of rotation by traction and spring.

The disadvantages of the known device include the following:

- when using a known device, the operator holds it with both hands and is forced to stand on the bed, compacting (trampling) it, which requires additional work for subsequent loosening of the soil;

- the known device in comparison with the claimed device is much more complicated in design;

- the known device does not make sense to use for planting seeds with a shallow depth, such as radishes, beans, peas, etc., because faster and easier to deepen the seeds, making continuous furrows on the beds;

- the known device does not have a hopper (funnel) - a seed and fertilizer accumulator, as a result of which the operator needs to take them from some other container located outside the device and lower them into the funnel, which consumes unproductive work time.

The aim of the invention is to reduce working time for planting seeds, reducing operator fatigue and reducing the complexity of the work.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known device, including the vas deferens, in the upper part of which is fixed a funnel for seeds, and in the lower part there is a damper for closing the opening of the vas deferens, mounted on the vas deferens with the possibility of rotation by means of traction and spring, the upper end of the vas deferens is installed in the funnel for seeds above its bottom and is equipped with a removable cork, and the lower end of the vas deferens is made with a heel having an apron container in the front and passing into the scapula in the back, while the heel is fixed a seminal duct under an angle of 120 °.

In addition, the funnel for seeds is divided by partitions into sections, and the shutter is made in the form of a gate pivotally mounted on the seed tube.

The design of the device is shown in the drawing.

The main element of the device is the holder - the tube, then - the vas deferens 1, which can be made of any material, such as steel. The inner diameter of the vas deferens 1 should be sufficient for the passage of seeds, such as beans, peas and others. The total length of the vas deferens 1 (H) is commensurate with the growth of a person and approximately equal to 0.9 m. A funnel 2 is attached to the upper part of the vas deferens 1, and the end of the upper part of the vas deferens 1 should slightly protrude above the bottom of the funnel 2, as shown in Fig. 1.

A bracket is attached to the bottom of the hopper 2 for attaching the upper end of the rod 3.

Funnel 2 has a lid 3 with a stopper 4 and is divided by partitions 14 into sections (two or more) for seeds and loose fertilizers.

The lower end of the vas deferens 1 ends with the heel 5, which is a segment of a tube of the same diameter as the tube (vas deferens) 1. The heel 5 is attached to the vas deferens 1 at an angle of about 120 °. The inner cavity of the heel 5 is plugged with a stopper 6. The heel 5 ends with a small scapula 7, and its front part has a farther chamber 8. In the lower part of the vas deferens 1, a gate 9 with a damper 10 is also mounted. The vane 9 is pivotally mounted on the vas deferens 1 and can be rotated around the axle to a limited extent 11. The gate 9 has two cheeks running around the vas deferens 1 and two pins. The rotation of the gate 9 is limited by the stop 12 and the fit of the shutter 10 to the inner wall of the vas deferens 1 under the action of the spring 13. The rotation of the gate 9 to the stop 12 is carried out by the thrust 14.

The device operates as follows.

It is envisaged that ridges for sowing are prepared and have previously made furrows in the transverse direction. The operator takes the vas deferens 1 in his hand and sets the heel 5 into the furrow, while the lower end of the vas deferens 1 with the apron chamber 8 should be where the seed is planted in the ground. The heel 5 should not be pressed firmly to the ground, since it can clog the outlet of the vas deferens 1. It is installed in relation to the horizontal surface of the bed at an angle of about 60 °, which allows the operator to stand on the boundary without trampling the bed. Next, the operator takes the seed with his free hand from the funnel 2 and lowers it into the hole of the upper end of the vas deferens 1. The speed of free fall of the seed in the vas deferens 1 is quenched by the shutter 10, where it is delayed. Then the operator, by moving the finger of the hand with which he holds the vas deferens 1, presses the thrust 14 against the vas deferens 1. As a result, the thrust! 4 acts on the gate 9 and turns it all the way to 12, while the shutter 10 opens together with the gate 9 and stops blocking the hole of the vas deferens 1. Seed falls to the ground at low speed. In order to plant the second seed and the subsequent ones, the operator slightly raises the seed tube 1 with the heel 5 and moves them towards himself, setting at a distance equal to the planting interval. Heel 5 has a measured length and marks of the order of five centimeters, which helps the operator determine the distance of sowing seeds by the furrow.

As already mentioned, the shutter 10 of the gate 9 extinguishes the rate of free fall of the seed in the vas deferens 1. If this is not done, the seed falls to the ground at a high speed and bounces off. Typically, the apron chamber 8 keeps the seed from bouncing. But perhaps, due to the unevenness of the furrow, a gap is formed between the apron chamber 8 and the ground. In this gap, the seed can fly out of the furrow, which violates the row of planting. When the gate 9 is activated with the shutter 10, the seed falls to the ground at a low speed, which ensures compliance with the accuracy of planting. If, nevertheless, the seed does not lie in the furrow in the calculated place, then the proposed device has a blade 7, which is a continuation of the heel 5. Using the blade 7, you can move the seed in the right direction or even deepen and straighten the furrow. In this case, the funnel 2 (if there is seed and fertilizer) is closed by a cover 3 with a stopper 4, blocking the course of the seed and fertilizer in the seed tube 1.

If necessary, a pinch of fertilizer can be lowered into the vas deferens 1 from the funnel 2, which should be dry and possibly granulated to avoid clogging the vas deferens.

After the placement of seeds in the furrows of the beds is completed, they are leveled by the back of the rake, while the seeds are covered with soil.

An experimental sample of the described device is made and successfully used, providing less fatigue of the operator when planting seeds.

Claims (3)

1. A device for manual planting of seeds, including the vas deferens, in the upper part of which a funnel for seeds is fixed, and in the lower part there is a damper for closing the vas deferens, mounted on the vas deferens with the possibility of rotation by traction and spring, characterized in that the upper end of the vas deferens in the funnel for seeds above its bottom and is equipped with a removable stopper, and the lower end of the vas deferens is made with the heel, which has in front of the apron capacity and passes in the back of the scapula, while the heel is attached to the seed rovode an angle of 120 °. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the funnel for seeds is divided by partitions into sections. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the shutter is made in the form of a gate pivotally mounted on the vas deferens.