RU2277941C2 - Method for treating alcoholism - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine, psychotherapy.

SUBSTANCE: one should carry out rational psychotherapy to establish a confidential contact with a patient, to analyze purposes of therapy and perform suggestion for sober life due to a motivated suggestion. Then one should conduct neuro-linguistic programming - reframing due to applying "a part of subconsciousness" statement to choose new ways of behavior instead of alcoholic addiction and become responsible for carrying out these ways in future, followed by fixing this state with the help of kinesthetic conditioned stimulus. In the course of the second seance one should carry out neuro-linguistic programming - reframing at developing indifferent and stable attitude to alcohol. During the third seance it is necessary to conduct behavioral psychotherapy by applying the technique of neuro-linguistic programming "The shift of anchors" to form disgust to alcohol under any life conditions. After the third seance one should prescribe antidepressant preparation profluzak, 20 mg once daily, for 20 d. The innovation enables to develop new stereotype of alcohol-free behavior at increased quality of prolonged terms of remission due to treating depressive disorder in due time.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of therapy.

1 cl, 1 ex

Description

The method relates to medicine, in particular to narcology and psychotherapy, and can be used in the treatment of alcoholism.

Alcoholism, which has plagued humanity for several centuries, remains one of the main medical problems. Alcohol abuse in our country is one of the most important social and medical problems. According to A.V. Nemtsov (A.V. Nemtsov. Alcohol mortality in Russia. 1980-90s / A.V. Nemtsov. - M., 2001. - P.1-60) "alcohol damage" (that there is a percentage of deaths directly or indirectly related to alcohol consumption) after the abolition of the anti-alcohol campaign, it was constantly increasing.

Alcohol affects all body systems and significantly reduces the life expectancy of people in the most active, creative age.

One of the central links in the pathogenesis of alcoholism is mental dependence (attraction), which is why the methods of psychotherapy are an integral part in the complex treatment of alcoholism.

Changing the patient’s personality, alcohol destructively affects social relations, destroying them. Alcoholism is fraught with severe economic and social consequences. Therefore, the problems of treatment and rehabilitation of patients with alcoholism are relevant.

A variety of obverse methods for treating alcoholism are known, based on the development of a conditional nausea-vomiting reaction in response to the smell and taste of alcohol. One of them is the method of mediated psychotherapy - stress-psychotherapy, author A.R. Dovzhenko (Dovzhenko A.R. Organization of stress-psychotherapy for patients with alcoholism on an outpatient basis. Method. Recom. M, 1984. - 7 pp.). The method consists in creating a persistent psychological orientation for long-term abstinence from alcohol by applying a complex of consistent psychotherapeutic techniques and approaches of individual and collective psychotherapy, materialized through physiogenic (stressful) effects aimed at activating the emotional mechanisms of the brain (indirect suggestion), creating a negative reflex for alcohol, mechanical irritation of Balle points and irrigation of the oral cavity and throat with chloroethyl.

The method described above is widely used, but the stressful nature of the effect can lead to various complications.

There is also known a method of treating alcoholism, including rational psychotherapy, in which, using motivated suggestions, form an attitude for sober life and create iatrogenic behavior for drinking alcohol, form an “alcohol code”, irrigating the pharynx and pharyngeal space with a drug and associating the sensations with inspiring fear of the use of alcohol (US Pat. RF No. 2057549, M.cl. A 61 M 21/00, A 61 K 35/64 from 12/26/91, publ. BI No. 10 from 04/10/96).

The disadvantages of this method are the suppression of the conditioned reflex "alcohol code" when receiving write, focus on abstinence from alcohol.

A method for the treatment of chronic alcoholism is described (Pat. RF No. 2018326, M. Cl. A. 61 M 21/00, publ. Bull. No. 16 from 08.30.94), in which rational psychotherapy is carried out, the motivation for treatment is reinforced, after 10- 14 days after abstinence from drinking alcohol, a group psychotherapy session is carried out, and twice during the session, using various induction methods, they introduce patients into a state of superficial hypnosis, continue suggestion aimed at refusing alcohol and complete it with the suggestion formula, then conduct an individual psychotherapy session, n and at the same time that the coding period is pronounced, they affect the reflexogenic zones — they produce mechanical irritation of the superciliary arches, sharply throw the patient’s head back with close mutual fixation of the gaze with the subsequent shift of the visual axis, while repeating the suggestion formula, sharply turn the head, and move the auricles back , produce light pressure on the eyeballs and, with a sliding movement, irritate the supra- and sub-eyebrows. The disadvantage of this method is the presence of pain and traumatic factors.

The closest analogue (prototype) is a method of treating alcoholism, including conducting rational psychotherapy with establishing confidential contact, ascertaining the purpose of treatment with the patient and motivating instilling an attitude towards sober life, conducting neurolinguistic programming - reframing using the wording “part of the subconscious”, which suggests choosing new ones behaviors instead of alcohol and take responsibility for the implementation of these methods in the future, with fixing e th state using kinesthetic conditioned stimulus (Pat. Russian №2145889, M.KL. A. 61 M 21/00, publ. Bul. №6 from 27/02/2000).

However, all known methods, including the prototype, do not provide for long-term rehabilitation to consolidate the achieved result.

The objective of the present invention is to increase the effectiveness of the treatment of alcoholism with the formation of a new stereotype of non-alcoholic behavior with an increase in the quality and duration of remission due to the timely treatment of depressive disorder.

The task is achieved by the fact that they carry out rational psychotherapy, during which they establish a confidential contact with the patient, find out the goals of treatment and, with a motivated suggestion, make an installation for sober life. They carry out neuro-linguistic programming - reframing using the wording “part of the subconscious”, which offers to choose new ways of behavior instead of alcohol and take responsibility for the implementation of these methods in the future, with fixing this condition using a kinesthetic conditional stimulus. In addition, at the first session of rational psychotherapy, the patient recognizes the problem with information on the mechanism of action and the dangers of alcohol, forms an active positive socially significant motivation to achieve the ultimate goal - a complete refusal to drink alcohol. At the second session, neuro-linguistic programming is carried out - reframing with the formation of an indifferent, indifferent and calm attitude to alcohol. For this, the patient sets out a colorful and detailed description of the desired function, during which he represents the achievement of life without alcohol. The psychotherapist at the same time notes positive, emotional and vegetative manifestations and forms a conditioned reflex connection with a kinesthetic conditioned stimulus. Under the guidance of a psychotherapist, the patient imagines a “part of the personality” responsible for a sober lifestyle. The psychotherapist enters into communication with the named “part of the personality”, activates the patient’s attention on the desired result, fixes the physiological reactions that have arisen with the help of a kinesthetic conditioned stimulus, and reinforces the conditioned conditioned reflex. Further, the therapist denotes a connection with certain physical sensations corresponding to a negative or positive response, and their appearance in the “part of the personality” when establishing a kinesthetic conditional stimulus. The possible causes that lead to alcohol abuse are identified and worked out and eliminated at the subconscious level, inviting the patient to choose new behaviors aimed at a sober lifestyle, the psychotherapist receives the consent of the “part of the personality” to be responsible for this function, which is then monitored by the physiological doctor manifestations and is fixed by a kinesthetic conditional stimulus. The patient offers new ways of non-alcoholic behavior, analyzes them and selects at least three of the most feasible methods for him. "Part of the personality" assumes responsibility for the automatic implementation of these new ways of non-alcoholic behavior in the future life of the patient. Upon receipt of a positive response from the “part of the personality”, the psychotherapy session is completed. At the third session, conduct behavioral therapy, use the technique of anchor displacement neuro-linguistic programming with the formation of an aversion to alcohol in any life situations, treatment is carried out in a course of 3 sessions, sessions in 3-5 days, repeated maintenance treatment 1 session per week for 3 months by conducting the first session of rational psychotherapy to consolidate sobriety. After the third session, an antidepressant is prescribed - profluzac, 20 mg once a day, 20 days.

The novelty of the method.

- At the first psychotherapeutic session, rational psychotherapy is carried out to recognize the problem by the patient, they form an active positive socially significant motivation to achieve the ultimate goal - refusal to drink alcohol. The therapist identifies the patient several motives for a sober life.

- The second psychotherapeutic session is carried out using neuro-linguistic programming - reframing, with the formation of an indifferent, indifferent and calm attitude to alcohol. The possible causes leading to alcohol abuse are being worked out and eliminated at the subconscious level. The patient chooses new ways of non-alcoholic behavior (at least three), receives the consent of the “part of the personality” to be responsible for this function, which is monitored by the psychotherapist for physiological manifestations and fixed by a kinesthetic conditional stimulus.

- At the third session, they conduct behavioral psychotherapy, use the technique of neuro-linguistic programming "Displacement of anchors" with the formation of aversion to alcohol in any life situations.

- Treatment is carried out in a course of 3 sessions, sessions in 3-5 days, repeated maintenance treatment 1 session per week for 3 months, by conducting the first session of rational-psychotherapy to fix the rational form of sobriety.

- Supportive anti-relapse drug treatment of patients with alcoholism along with psychotherapy is essential to improve the quality of therapeutic remission. Timely relief and prevention of depressive states is an essential part of the rehabilitation process. For this purpose, after 3 sessions, antidepressants are prescribed - profluzac 20 mg once a day, 20 days.

The set of essential features of the invention allows to obtain a new technical result:

Informing about the mechanism and dangers of alcohol allows you to better understand the problem and increases the motivation for treatment. We form a fear for our health, which he may lose due to alcohol.

The Anchor Shift method enhances the indifferent, indifferent, and calm attitude to alcohol developed during reframing. They intensified fear and formed a physiological reaction of disgust, which made it possible to achieve a more stable refusal to drink alcohol and strengthened the attitude toward sober life.

The appointment of an antidepressant-profluzak prevents the development of depression, which increases the quality and duration of remission.

Turning to the subconscious mind contributes to more flexible human behavior in the possibility of refusing alcohol.

The proposed method of treatment is preferable in that instead of working with the content of the problem, it reorganizes the internal processes of a person due to the maximum use of resources and the free flow of communications within the person. It is based on attracting the creative abilities of a person, using which he can with the help of a psychotherapist, and in the future he himself can model his sober behavior. Since human behavior is diverse, there is an immense number of parts that shape his behavior. Therefore, we introduce the concept of “part of the personality”, responsible for a particular behavior, for a particular symptom, in particular for a sober lifestyle. With the "part of the personality" you can make contact. Ask her questions and get answers. Questions are mentally asked by the patient himself. Answers come in any modality characteristic of a person: in the form of words, pictures, sounds. Often these are kinesthetic images - a feeling of warming or cooling, the appearance of some new sensation or the disappearance of it. In fact, this is work with the subconscious, which will make a person more flexible and give him the opportunity to apply the acquired change in other life situations. And also involves the study of the possible causes that led to alcohol abuse.

It is the clarification of the causes and their elimination at the psychological level that allows not only to increase the effectiveness of the treatment of alcoholism with the formation of a new stereotype of non-alcoholic behavior, but also to maintain the result achieved.

The method is as follows.

When a patient addresses with complaints of loss of control when drinking alcohol in the first session, rational psychotherapy is carried out to recognize the problem by the patient, and establish a confidential contact at the conscious and subconscious levels. This is carried out with the help of questions aimed at assessing the patient’s present ideas about his condition, specifying the history of the disease, clarifying the purpose of treatment: “What is alcoholism? What are the consequences of alcoholism? How to deal with it? Do you have any treatment experience, which one? Is there a focus on a complete rejection of alcohol? What are the benefits of quitting alcohol? What will change?". They form an active positive socially significant motivation to achieve the ultimate goal - to live a sober life. At the second session, neurolinguistic programming - reframing is performed. For this, the patient sets out a colorful and detailed description of the desired function, during which he represents the achievement of life without alcohol. The psychotherapist at the same time notes positive, emotional and vegetative manifestations and forms a conditioned reflex connection with a kinesthetic conditioned stimulus. Identify and study the possible causes that led to alcohol abuse, and eliminate them at the subconscious level (not implemented at work, humiliation in a social role: you are a poor worker, husband, father, low wages).

Under the guidance of a psychotherapist, the patient imagines a “part of the personality” responsible for a sober lifestyle. The psychotherapist enters into communication with the named “part of the personality”, activates the patient’s attention on the desired result, fixes the physiological reactions that have arisen with the help of a kinesthetic conditioned stimulus, and reinforces the conditioned conditioned reflex. Further, the therapist denotes a connection with certain physical sensations corresponding to a negative or positive response, and their appearance in the “part of the personality” when establishing a kinesthetic conditional stimulus. By inviting the patient to choose new behaviors aimed at a sober lifestyle, the psychotherapist receives the consent of the “part of the personality” to be responsible for this function, which is then monitored by the doctor for physiological manifestations and fixed by a kinesthetic conditional stimulus. The patient offers new ways of non-alcoholic behavior, analyzes them and selects at least three of the most feasible methods for him. "Part of the personality" assumes responsibility for the automatic implementation of these new ways of non-alcoholic behavior in the future life of the patient. Upon receipt of a positive response from the “part of the personality”, the psychotherapy session is completed. At the third session, conduct behavioral therapy, use the technique of anchoring displacement with the formation of an aversion to alcohol in any life situations, treatment is carried out in a course of 3 sessions, sessions in 3-5 days, repeated maintenance treatment 1 session per week for 3 months, by conducting the first session of rational rational psychotherapy to consolidate the rational form of sobriety. After the third session, antidepressants are prescribed - profluzac 20 mg once a day for 20 days.

The method involves the following steps in the work of a psychotherapist. The patient is sitting in a chair, he is offered to take a comfortable pose, after which the patient sets out the desired result: live a sober life.

The first session of rational psychotherapy is carried out using psychological methods of persuasion, strengthening the patient's confidence in achieving the desired result. The first step for a better understanding and awareness of the problem to the patient is given information about the mechanism of action and the dangers of alcohol. Alcohol is a thief of trust, joy, the meaning of life. Alcohol abuse leads to addiction, addiction to need, need to addiction, i.e. to the disease. Alcoholism is a disease No. 3 after cardiovascular and oncological ailments.

Alcohol intake leads to a gradual devastation of personality. The greatest changes occur in the emotional and volitional spheres. People who use alcohol become self-absorbed, insincere, deceitful. They lose not only their moral instinct, but also aesthetic principles, often become unscrupulous, and start their own economic and professional affairs. Alcoholism is a terrible disease because it is not transmitted either by the virus or sexually, but arises solely thanks to your efforts: a glass of vodka is brought, oddly enough, to your own hands to your mouth. Alcoholism is a serious molecular disease. Ethanol (alcohol), which enters the body, is converted into acetaldehyde "A" - an extremely toxic product (acetate alcohol is made from it). Morning fume, this is the smell of acetaldehyde. In our body, in every cell there is acetaldehyde, i.e. we live already a little bit alcoholized by nature. What for? It turns out that without "A" the cell cannot breathe, absorb oxygen. Increasing the content of “A” is dangerous for the cell - it is toxic! When you pour the first 100 grams of vodka into this thin system, where the cell monitors each molecule individually, the “A” becomes a little larger, the cell can breathe. This is a short stage of euphoria (mood improves). But when you take 100 g more and more, “A” becomes a lot, you put the cell in a quandary: it loses control. You become uncomfortable, intoxication sets in. The cell begins to struggle with excess acetaldehyde, turning it into acetic acid and, naturally, ceasing to synthesize its acetaldehyde, which is necessary for breathing. This is where people develop tolerance (increasing the ability to drink alcohol in large doses) - they drink a lot, drink hard and seem to not get drunk. This is the beginning of the disease. A panicking cell begins to excrete the acetaldehyde synthesized by it and stops synthesizing it. Why, says the cell to work, if the body is alcoholized from the outside? And then the money runs out, you have to go to work, there is no traditional dose of alcohol - there is shock in the cell, it was left without alcohol at all. A cell without alcohol suffocates, (all organs are made up of cells) just as a person suffocates under water without air. Everything starts to hurt! All organs suffer, urgent treatment is needed. Alcohol is a thief of health, family well-being.

The second psychotherapeutic session is carried out using neuro-linguistic programming - reframing, for this the patient sets out a colorful and detailed description of the desired function, represents the achievement of the desired result. Previously, the patient is told about the many parts functioning in his integral "I", each of them exists only in order to bring benefits. Therefore, the therapist invites the patient to get in touch with the part that will be responsible for a sober lifestyle. In order to get in touch with the “part of the personality”, the doctor asks the patient to close his eyes, focus on inner sensations and mentally ask: “Does the part of me that is responsible for a sober lifestyle want to talk with me?” The patient carefully monitors the emerging or, on the contrary, disappearing sensations. The psychotherapist notes positive, emotional and autonomic manifestations and forms a conditioned reflex connection with a kinesthetic conditioned stimulus. Under the guidance of the psychotherapist, the patient imagines a “part of the personality” responsible for a neutral attitude to alcohol. Identify and study the possible causes that led to alcohol abuse, and eliminate them at the subconscious level. The therapist enters into communication with the named “part of the personality”, activates the patient’s attention on the desired result and fixes the physiological reactions that have arisen with the help of a kinesthetic conditioned stimulus and reinforces the conditioned conditioned reflex. It indicates a connection with certain physical sensations corresponding to a negative or positive response, and their appearance in the “part of the personality” when establishing a kinesthetic conditional stimulus. The patient is asked to determine which of the internal sensations corresponds to the verbal answer "Yes" and which verbal answer is "No", i.e. calibrate sensations. The doctor asks the patient: "Do you have a" part of the personality "that will be responsible for a sober lifestyle?" The answer is yes. And where is this part? Shows the patient a finger at the level of the head, or heart, or any other organ. The therapist asks: "Is she inside?" Patient: Yes. Therapist: "What form? What sizes? Does she have color? What is he like? How do you feel this part? ". The patient gives a description of his sensations, which are similar to bodily ones, have temperature, movement, density. Since the answers are generated by the patient’s internal processes, this is a great way to get around the obstacle in the form of a setting:" I can’t do this. "Sometimes a therapist himself can suggest possible answers.

Then the patient is invited to choose three new behaviors aimed at maintaining a neutral attitude to alcohol. After that, the therapist suggests that the patient’s initially designated “personality part” use the new anti-alcohol behavior and take responsibility for its implementation. Then the patient’s dialogue with this “part of the personality” is conducted: “Do you agree that these new opportunities are more useful and convenient for me than the old ones? Do you agree to use these opportunities? ”If the“ part of the personality ”gives a negative answer, the doctor offers the patient to“ go inside himself ”and find another“ part of the personality ”that agrees to do this.

After the consent of the “part of the personality” to have three new ways of refusing alcohol, the psychotherapist monitors this behavior according to the physiological manifestations of the patient and reinforces with a conditional stimulus - always touching the patient’s right hand on the shoulder of the patient’s right hand in the same movement, in the same place , with the same power. The patient, his “part of the personality” responsible for a sober lifestyle, is offered to mentally check the chosen methods. The therapist suggests that "parts of the person" take responsibility for the automatic implementation of these "new ways she chooses to quit alcohol in the patient's later life." If you get the same sensation that previously meant "Yes", then this means that the patient's activity to achieve the goal is high. If objections of "No" arise, the psychotherapy session begins again. The therapist finds out from the patient what the objection is, after which the patient again asks himself: “Does his“ part of the person ”agree to accept responsibility for the automatic implementation of three new ways (to control his emotional sphere in stressful situations, stop communicating with those who use alcohol, exclude the storage of alcoholic beverages in the family), which will form a sober lifestyle. ” Upon receipt of a positive response from the "part of the personality" complete the second session of psychotherapy.

The duration of a psychotherapeutic session is an hour and a half. Kinesthetic conditional stimulus is carried out by touching the doctor’s hand to the shoulder of the patient’s right hand, the touch was always carried out in the same place, with the same force.

At the third session, they conduct behavioral psychotherapy, use the “Anchor Displacement” technique with the formation of an aversion to alcohol. The patient is invited on the left hand (if he is right-handed, the left-hander is offered the opposite) to present a vessel (a glass, a glass, a bottle, a mug) with vodka or other favorite alcoholic beverage, and on the right - vomit. After the visualization of the subject in question takes place, and facial expressions (expressive movements of the muscles of the face), which demonstrates disgust, change, the hands join, which enhances the expression of disgust on the face. Then the doctor as a psychotherapist asks: “What do you want to do with your hands?”, Most often the patient answers: “Wash.” The doctor suggests washing your hands.

The treatment is carried out in a course of 3 sessions, sessions in 3-5 days, repeated maintenance treatment 1 session per week for 3 months by conducting the first session of rational psychotherapy to consolidate the rational form of sobriety. After the third session, antidepressants are prescribed - profluzac, 20 mg once a day for 20 days.

Example. Patient M. 48 years old, engineer. Tolerance to alcohol is high. Addiction syndrome since 40 years. Treated twice. Remission up to 2 months.

When handling: the nature of drunkenness is drunken, drinks 3-5 days at 10-15 day intervals.

Diagnosis: chronic alcoholism of the 2nd degree in the form of drunken drunkenness.

In somatic status: blood pressure 120/70 mm Hg, pulse 75 beats per minute, the liver is sensitive to palpation, the borders of the heart are dilated, tachycardia, heart sounds are dulled, shortness of breath during physical exertion.

In neurological status: tremor of fingers of outstretched arms, staggering in the Romberg position, performing a finger-nasal test is difficult, high tendon reflexes, pronounced dermographism.

In mental status: high anxiety and a tendency to depression, when questioning intellectual disorders were not detected. Concomitant pathology from the central nervous system, injuries, no operations.

Upon treatment, the patient expressed a desire to give up alcohol. Rational psychotherapy was carried out, information was given on the dangers of alcohol for the body.

At the first session of rational psychotherapy, the patient justified the motivation for treatment by the fact that he wants to live without alcohol, to establish relations in the family, to improve health, and work at work. Then he described his feelings and emotions at the same time: “I will have a good mood, a calm sleep, and my work capacity will increase. People around me will tell me how good I look. ” The therapist notes the external manifestations (physiological, vegetative) of the patient’s positive emotions: an increase in the volume and pace of speech, clarity of pronunciation, revitalization of facial expressions. The patient's face turned pink, the voice became louder, the movements were smooth, liberated, there was a symmetry and evenness of gestures, the predominance (stereotype) of the eyeballs moving up - to the right and down (the patient is right-handed). This meant that the patient was actively tuned for recovery, refusal of alcohol. The psychotherapist asked the patient to come to the second session after 5 days.

At the second session, neurolinguistic programming - reframing is performed. For this, the patient sets out a colorful and detailed description of the desired function, represents the achievement of the desired result. Previously, the patient is told about the many parts functioning in his integral "I", each of them exists only in order to bring benefits. Therefore, the therapist invites the patient to get in touch with the part that will be responsible for a sober lifestyle. In order to get in touch with the “part of the personality”, the doctor asks the patient to close his eyes, focus on inner sensations and mentally ask: “Does the part of me that is responsible for a sober lifestyle want to talk with me?” The patient carefully monitors the emerging or, on the contrary, disappearing sensations. The psychotherapist notes positive, emotional and autonomic manifestations and forms a conditioned reflex connection with a kinesthetic conditioned stimulus. Under the guidance of the psychotherapist, the patient imagines a “part of the personality” responsible for a neutral attitude to alcohol. The therapist enters into communication with the named “part of the personality”, activates the patient’s attention on the desired result and fixes the physiological reactions that have arisen with the help of a kinesthetic conditioned stimulus and reinforces the conditioned conditioned reflex. The possible causes leading to alcohol abuse are identified and worked out (the patient moved with his family because of his son’s illness from another city, where he held a managerial position at the enterprise. He got a job as an engineer, it was difficult to work under someone else’s guidance, therefore he began to drink) them at the subconscious level, focusing on the fact that he is a creative person, a competent specialist and will be able to re-realize himself and again in the future to achieve leadership in the new enterprise. It indicates a connection with certain physical sensations corresponding to a negative or positive response, and their appearance in the “part of the personality” when establishing a kinesthetic conditional stimulus. The patient is asked to determine which of the internal sensations corresponds to the verbal answer "Yes" and which verbal answer is "No", i.e. calibrate sensations. The doctor asks the patient: "Do you have a" part of the personality "that will be responsible for a sober lifestyle?" The answer is yes. And where is this part? Shows the patient a finger at head level. The therapist asks: "Is she inside?" Patient: Yes. Therapist: "What form? What sizes? Does she have color? What is he like? How do you feel this part? “The patient gives a description of his sensations, which are similar to bodily ones, have temperature, movement, density. Since the answers are generated by the patient’s internal processes, this is a great way to get around the obstacle in the form of a setting:“ I can’t do this. ”Sometimes the therapist himself can offer possible answers.

Then the patient is invited to choose three new behaviors aimed at maintaining an indifferent attitude to alcohol. After that, the therapist suggests that the patient’s initially designated “personality part” use the new anti-alcohol behavior and take responsibility for its implementation. Then the patient’s dialogue with this “part of the personality” is conducted: “Do you agree that these new opportunities are more useful and convenient for me than the old ones? Do you agree to use these opportunities? ”After the“ part of the person ”agrees to have three new ways to stop drinking alcohol, the psychotherapist monitors this behavior according to the physiological manifestations of the patient and reinforces with a conditional stimulus - always touching the patient’s right finger on the shoulder of the patient’s right hand same movement, in the same place, with the same power. The patient, his "part of the person" responsible for a sober lifestyle, is offered to mentally check the chosen methods. The therapist suggests that "parts of the person" take responsibility for the automatic implementation of these "new ways she chooses to quit alcohol in the patient's later life." The same sensation was obtained, which previously meant "Yes", which means that the patient's activity to achieve the goal is high. This completes the second session of psychotherapy.

The duration of a psychotherapeutic session is an hour and a half. Kinesthetic conditional stimulus is carried out by touching the doctor’s hand to the shoulder of the patient’s right hand, the touch was always carried out in the same place, with the same force.

At the third session, they conduct behavioral psychotherapy, use the technique of neuro-linguistic programming “Displacement of anchors” with the formation of aversion to alcohol. The patient is invited on his left hand (since he is right-handed) to present a vessel (a glass, a glass, a bottle, a mug) with vodka or other favorite alcoholic drink, and on the right - vomit. After the visualization of what is at stake, and the facial expressions (expressive movements of the muscles of the face) that demonstrate disgust, the hands join, which enhances the expression of disgust on the face. Then the doctor as a psychotherapist asks: “What do you want to do with your hands?”, Most often the patient answers: “Wash.” The doctor suggests washing your hands.

Treatment is carried out with a course of 3 sessions, sessions after 3-5 days, repeated maintenance treatment 1 session per week for three months, by conducting the first session of rational-psychotherapy to consolidate the rational form of sobriety. After 3 sessions, antidepressants are prescribed - profluzak 1 tablet (20 mg) once a day for 20 days.

Follow-up - after one year, the patient is indifferent to alcohol, feels good, improved health, family relations returned to normal, he is satisfied with the result of the therapy.

Thus, the proposed method for the treatment of alcoholism is effective, allows to achieve high-quality remission for a long time.

The method is used in the training of cadets in GOU DPO Novokuznetsk SEI at the department of psychotherapy, medical psychology and narcology on the cycle "Narcology".

Claims (2)

1. A method of treating alcoholism, including conducting rational psychotherapy with establishing confidential contact, ascertaining the purpose of treatment with a patient and motivating instilling an attitude towards sober life, conducting neuro-linguistic programming - reframing using the wording “part of the subconscious”, which suggests choosing new ways of behavior instead of alcohol and assume responsibility for the implementation of these methods in the future, with the fixation of this condition using kinesthetic conditions of a different stimulus, characterized in that, in the first session of rational psychotherapy, the patient is aware of the problem with information on the mechanism of action and the dangers of alcohol, they form an active positive socially significant motivation to achieve the ultimate goal - a complete rejection of alcohol use, in the second session they carry out neurolinguistic programming - reframing with the study of possible causes that led to alcohol abuse, and eliminate them at the subconscious level with the formation of an indif enzymatic, indifferent and calm attitude to alcohol in any life situations, conduct behavioral therapy in the third session, use the technique of the anchor displacement neuro-linguistic programming with the formation of an aversion to alcohol, in which the patient is offered to present a vessel with your favorite alcohol in one hand, and in the other is vomit, after the facial expressions change, showing disgust, the hands are joined, which enhances the expression of disgust on the face, then the doctor therapist right says: “What do you want to do with your hands?”, and the patient replies: “Wash”, the doctor suggests washing the patient’s hands, treatment is carried out in a course of 3 sessions, sessions in 3-5 days, repeated maintenance treatment 1 session per week for 3 months, by conducting the first session of rational psychotherapy for the consolidation of sobriety, after the third session, proflusac is prescribed, 20 mg once a day, 20 days. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the kinesthetic conditional stimulus is carried out by touching the doctor’s hand to the shoulder of the patient’s right hand, the touch was always carried out in the same place, with the same force.