RU2277209C1 - Vortex energy separator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power engineering.

SUBSTANCE: vortex energy separator comprises vortex tube with at least one tangential inlet for supplying gas-air mixture and two outlets. One of the outlets is made of throttle for hot mixture, and the other one is made of diaphragm for cold mixture. The tangential inlet is provided with the nozzle made for generating sonic or supersonic velocities of the gas-air mixture at its exit. The inlet of the nozzle is provided with the converging pipe. The vortex tube is provided with system that provides vacuum inside it. The system has opening for evacuation of the gas-air mixture from the vortex tube and three valving units. The first valving unit is mounted at the tangential inlet, and the second and third valving units are mounted at the exits of the throttle and diaphragm, respectively.

EFFECT: expanded functional capabilities.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of power engineering, in particular to devices for hydrodynamic temperature separation of air using wind energy.

Known vortex energy separator containing coaxially placed one into the other two vortex tubes with autonomous tangential inlets of compressed gas, energy separation chambers and diaphragms. The tangential input of the inner pipe is located in the chamber of the energy separation of the outer pipe and is multi-nozzle, and the diaphragm of the inner pipe is facing the tangential input of the outer pipe (see US Pat. No. 721644, class F 25 B 9/02, dated January 24, 1978. )

However, the known device has limited functionality, as it is designed to work only on compressed gas.

By technical nature, the closest to the proposed device is a separation of gas-air mixtures, containing a tangential nozzle for introducing the mixture, an energy separation chamber, units for removing hot and cold separation products. The pipe is made in the form of a Laval nozzle with an oblique cut, the cold product outlet assembly is in the form of a pipe with through holes on its part located in the energy expansion chamber, while an adjustable choke is placed on the rest of the pipe withdrawn from the chamber, and in the outlet assembly hot products installed ring-shaped choke (see US Pat. RF No. 2050517, CL F 25 V 9/02, dated 02.26.93).

However, this known device also has limited functionality, as it can only work on compressed gas-air mixtures.

The technical result is the expansion of functionality by providing work not only with compressed gas-air mixtures, but also with the use of wind energy.

This is achieved by the fact that the vortex energy separator contains a vortex tube with at least one tangential inlet for entering the gas-air mixture and two outputs, one of which is made in the form of a throttle for the hot mixture, the other in the form of a diaphragm for the cold mixture, and the tangential inlet is equipped with a nozzle, made with the possibility of obtaining at the output of sound or supersonic velocities of the gas-air mixture, a confuser is installed at the inlet of the nozzle, and the vortex tube is equipped with a system providing a vacuum inside it In addition, the above system contains a wind speed measuring sensor at the inlet to the confuser, a control pulse generator, an opening for pumping the gas-air mixture from the vortex tube, and three valve blocks, the first of which is installed at the tangential inlet, the second and third at the outputs of the throttle and diaphragm, respectively moreover, the output of the wind speed sensor is connected to the input of the control pulse shaper, which provides control of the above valve blocks.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the implementation of the proposed device accordingly allows you to provide a mode of operation in which you can use not only the energy of compressed gas, but also wind energy. In addition, the ability to use several tangential inputs allows you to increase the power of the vortex energy separator.

Comparison of the proposed device with the closest analogue allows us to claim compliance with the criterion of "novelty", and the absence of distinctive features in the analogs indicates compliance with the criterion of "inventive step".

Preliminary tests suggest the possibility of industrial use.

The drawing shows a design variant of the proposed device.

The vortex energy separator contains a vortex tube 1 with at least one tangential inlet 2 for entering the gas-air mixture and two outputs, one of which is made in the form of a throttle 3 for the hot mixture Q _g , the other in the form of a diaphragm 4 for the cold mixture Q _x , and the tangential inlet 2 is equipped with a nozzle 5, made with the possibility of obtaining at the output of sound or supersonic speeds of the gas-air mixture. Essentially, a Laval nozzle can be used in this function, at the input of which a confuser 6 is installed. The vortex tube 1 is equipped with a system providing a vacuum inside it.

Such a system may include a wind speed sensor (not shown) at the inlet to the confuser 6, a control pulse shaper 7, an opening (not shown) for pumping the gas-air mixture from the vortex tube 1, and three valve blocks 8, 9, 10, the first of which is installed at the tangential input 2, the second and third - at the outputs of the throttle 3 and the diaphragm 4, respectively, and the output of the wind speed sensor is connected to the input of the driver 7 of the control pulses, providing control of the above valve blocks 8, 9, 10.

The second valve block 9, shown in the drawing in two parts, is essentially one valve capable of blocking the throttle hole. The design of blocks 8-10 can be standard, which are used in vacuum wind tunnels.

Shaper of control pulses 7 can be made in the form of a standard shaper of rectangular pulses with three outputs, the first of which forms a rectangular pulse immediately after the signal from the wind speed sensor, the second output of shaper 7 generates a rectangular pulse with a delay of τ1 and at the third output - delay τ2, where τ2> τ1. As a shaper, there may be a Schmidt trigger, at the output of which two delay lines are connected in series (output - τ1 and output - τ2).

The channel of the vortex tube 1 is at atmospheric pressure. In this case, all high-speed valve blocks 8-10 are open. The wind stream is directed into the vortex tube 1. In this mode of operation, in the vortex tube 1 there is a subsonic mode of flow of the gas-air mixture (air), therefore, the magnitude of the temperature separation is relatively small.

As a result, hot air will come out from the throttle 3 side, and cold air will flow through the diaphragm 4. Further disposal of cold and hot air is carried out in accordance with the technical requirements.

The use of a vacuum vortex tube 1 with a system of high-speed valve blocks 8-10 with the possibility of using the effect of "locking" will lead to an increase in the temperature difference between cold and hot air. For the pipe 1 to operate in supersonic mode, when the valve blocks 8-10 are closed, it is necessary to vacuum the pipe channel 1 by known means through the hole for pumping the gas-air mixture. When the wind enters the confuser 6 and its certain speed, the wind speed sensor is triggered, the signal from which triggers the control pulse generator 7, from the first output of which the signal to open the first valve block 8 is received. After opening the valve block 8, the air-gas mixture enters the tangential inlet 2 and a swirling stream of air-gas mixture is formed in the pipe 1. After some time τ1, the high-speed valve block 9 of the throttle 3 opens and then through τ2 the valve block 10 of the diaphragm 4. As a result, a supersonic air flow is formed in the pipe channel 1, limited by shock waves. The delay times τ1 and τ2 are selected from the calculation of the geometric dimensions of the vortex tube 1. Cascaded inclusion of several vortex tubes and the use of several tangential inputs can lead to an increase in the efficiency of vortex tube 1.

As an example of a specific implementation of the invention, the following parameters were selected, while the elements of hydrodynamic modeling were used, since large-scale vortex tubes do not currently exist. Below are the approximate parameters of a large-scale vortex tube and the expected technical characteristics for the first mode of operation:

1. The input diameter of the confuser 5 m 2. The output diameter of the confuser (input diameter of the vortex tube) 100-600 mm 3. The diameter of the vortex tube 1200 mm 4. The length of the vortex tube 12,000 mm 5. Pressure atmospheric (vacuum) 6. Air consumption from 150 m ³ / s 7. Cold air temperature from -10 ° С to -100 ° С 8. Hot air temperature from + 50 ° С to + 200 ° С

Thus, in the proposed technical solution, the delivered technical result is achieved. It should be noted that the proposed vortex energy separator can be used in various fields for cooling and / or heating of residential and industrial premises, as well as in various technological processes.

Some applications

1. Cooling or heating of residential and industrial premises.

2. Desalination of water.

3. Fractional separation of hydrocarbons.

4. Liquefaction of associated gases during oil production.

5. Separation of the gas components of the air.

An essential feature is the environmentally friendly production of heat and cold using a renewable energy source, which is wind energy. Its use in hard-to-reach sparsely populated areas is especially important.

Claims (2)

1. Vortex energy separator, characterized in that it contains a vortex tube with at least one tangential inlet for entering the gas-air mixture and two outputs, one of which is made in the form of a throttle for the hot mixture, the other in the form of a diaphragm for the cold mixture, and the tangential inlet it is equipped with a nozzle, which makes it possible to obtain a gas-air mixture at the output of sound or supersonic velocities, a confuser is installed at the nozzle inlet, and the vortex tube is equipped with a vacuum system providing inside it oh consisting hole for pumping gas mixture from the vortex tube, and three valve block, the first being mounted at the tangential inlet, the second and the third - on the outputs of the throttle and the diaphragm, respectively. 2. The vortex energy separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the system is equipped with a wind speed measuring sensor at the inlet of the confuser and a control pulse shaper, wherein the output of the wind speed sensor is connected to the input of the control pulse shaper providing control of the above valve blocks.