RU2277039C1 - Rolling out tool - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: processes for working machine parts by surface plastic deforming.

SUBSTANCE: tool is in the form of roller having three-step working surface including leading smoothing cone with preset taper angle, cylindrical strengthening collar being tore like at side of leading smoothing cone and rear smoothing cone with inverse taper angle. All said portions are arranged successively along feed direction. Diameter of cylindrical strengthening collar is determined according to given formula.

EFFECT: improved design.

4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the processing of metals by pressure, in particular to the processing of surface plastic deformation of the inner and outer cylindrical and other surfaces.

A known tool for rolling in, which is a roller with a cylindrical or toroidal belt, which is installed parallel to the surface of the workpiece [1].

A disadvantage of the known tool is the high probability of the appearance of a plastic wave in the longitudinal direction during rolling, which contributes to the formation of cracks and peeling of the surface of the processed layer.

The objective of the invention is to improve the quality of the processed surface by reducing the plastic wave in the feed direction due to the design of the rolling tool, which is a roller, in which there are smoothing cones in front of the cylindrical reinforcing belt and after it.

The problem is solved by the proposed tool for surface plastic deformation of bodies of revolution, which is a roller, the working part of which is a three-stage surface, consisting of a front smoothing cone with a taper angle of 2 ... 5 °, a cylindrical reinforcing belt toroidal from the front of the smoothing cone and the rear a smoothing cone with a reciprocal taper angle of 1 ... 3 °, respectively arranged sequentially in the direction of the longitudinal feed, while the diameter the cylindrical reinforcing rib is defined by the formula:

d _nc = d _nk + 2Δ,

where d _nts is the diameter of the cylindrical reinforcing belt, mm;

d _nк - the largest diameter of the front smoothing cone, mm;

Δ is the value by which the size of the part changes after processing, mm

The essence of the design of the proposed tool is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows the design of the roller for rolling cylindrical surfaces, a partial longitudinal section; figure 2 - diagram of the processing of surface plastic deformation of the shaft of the proposed obkatny roller; figure 3 is a second embodiment of the obkatnogo roller, which is a prefabricated tool, a longitudinal section along BB in figure 4; figure 4 is a prefabricated tool, a left view along A in figure 3.

The proposed design of the tool, which is a three-stage deforming roller, is used to process surface plastic deformation of parts of bodies of revolution as a part of single and multi-roller devices.

The working surface of the roller has three bands arranged in series in the direction of longitudinal feed. The front smoothing cone 1 with a height of b _nk with a maximum diameter of d _nk and a taper angle of 2 ... 5 ° serves to smooth the plastic wave going in front of the main deforming belt in the direction of longitudinal feed, which reduces the likelihood of cracks and peeling of the treated surface layer (Fig. 2). The belt 2 with a width of b _nc and a diameter of d _nc has a cylindrical shape and is the main deforming element. On the side of the smoothing cone 1, the working profile of the cylindrical reinforcing belt 2 has a torus shape with a profile radius R _pr = 0.8 ... 16.0 mm. The diameter of the cylindrical reinforcing belt 2 depends on the size by which the size of the workpiece changes after processing and is determined by the formula:

d _nc = d _nk + 2Δ,

where d _nts is the diameter of the cylindrical reinforcing belt 2, mm;

d _nк - the largest diameter of the front smoothing cone 1, mm;

Δ is the value by which the size of the workpiece changes after processing, mm

The rear cone 3 with a reciprocal taper angle of 1 ... 3 ° serves to smooth the residual plastic wave coming after the contact of the reinforcing belt 2 of the deforming element with the workpiece, which improves the roughness of the processed surface. Its height corresponds to the height of the front smoothing cone.

The principle of operation of the proposed tool for rolling is as follows. The tool is traditionally fixed, for example, in the holder 4 or other multi-roller device.

A workpiece, for example, a shaft 5, is given a rotational movement with a speed of V _s , and the rolling-in tool is informed of the rolling-in force P due to lateral movement and longitudinal feed S _ave .

The performance of the rolling process is determined by the height of the cylindrical reinforcing belt b _{nts of the} roller. A roller with a high height b _nts allows processing with a high feed rate (up to 2.5 mm / rev), however, in this case, to obtain a high surface quality, it is necessary to create large working forces P. The roller parameters depend on the value of the allowable working force P. The greater the width b _{pc of the} cylindrical belt, the larger the feed can be. When machining massive parts on large machines, the b _center should be made wider (more than 12 ... 15 mm), since it is rather difficult to process such parts at a high speed, and a large feed can be successfully applied. For processing parts of less rigidity, when the rolling force should not be large, apply rollers with a belt with a width of 2 ... 5 mm. Hardness of a working surface of rollers from HRC 62 ... 65 steels. The parameter of the surface roughness of the working profile R _a = 0.32 μm.

To expand the range of application of this tool and to give it some versatility, a prefabricated roll-in roller design is proposed (see Figs. 3–4), which allows one to select the Δ value by which the part size changes after processing.

The prefabricated construction of the tool consists of a hub 6 with a cylindrical hardening working part 2, onto which the interchangeable rings 7 and 8 are pressed. The outer surface of the interchangeable ring 7 is a smoothing cone 1. The outer surface of the interchangeable ring 8 is made as a reverse smoothing cone 3. To prevent rotation rings 7 and 8 on the hub 6 in the design provides a conical or cylindrical pin 9. For dismantling the rings in each of them there are two threaded holes 10.

Mechanical beating proposed roller diameters d and d _{pc HRC} relatively bore must correspond IX degree of accuracy in accordance with GOST 24643-81. Size R _pr choose for a given range from the range: 0.8; one; 1,2; 1.6; 2; 2.5; 3.0; 4.0; 5.0; 6.0; 8.0; 10.0; 12.0; 16.0. Material of rollers - steel ШХ15, hardness HRC 63 ... 65. The parameter of the surface roughness of the working profile Ra = 0.32 μm.

The advantages of the proposed deformation roller for rolling in bodies of revolution are:

- the ability to run in at maximum feeds in comparison with the known deforming elements;

- reduction of the error of the previous processing;

- an increase in the contact spot, due to which a higher quality of processing is achieved;

- the formation of certain macro- and microgeometric forms of the treated surface, reduction of roughness parameters - smoothing of the surface, change in the structure of the material - surface hardening and the creation of a certain stress state, favorably affecting wear resistance.

Thanks to the use of a roller with three working surfaces as a deforming element, the magnitude of the plastic wave traveling in front of and after the deforming element is significantly reduced, the likelihood of cracking and peeling of the processed surface layer is reduced, the cost of processing is reduced, productivity is increased and workmanship is improved.

The proposed deforming tool for blanks of bodies of revolution is easy to implement, not complicated in design and reliable in operation. The structural layer obtained on the surface of the workpiece has increased hardness and, accordingly, wear resistance and resistance to fatigue failure.

The use of a deforming tool with three working surfaces ensures high accuracy and quality of the processed surface.

The source of information

1. Reference technologist-machine builder. In 2 vols. T.2 / Ed. A.G. Kosilova and R.K. Meshcheryakova. - 4th ed., Revised. and add. - M .: Mechanical Engineering, 1985. S.387-389, Fig. 6, Table 3 - prototype.

Claims (1)

A tool for surface plastic deformation of bodies of revolution representing a roller, characterized in that its working part is a three-stage surface, consisting of a front smoothing cone with a taper angle of 2 ... 5 °, a cylindrical reinforcing belt toroidal on the side of the front smoothing cone and the rear smoothing cone with a reverse taper angle of 1 ... 3 °, respectively arranged sequentially in the direction of the longitudinal feed, while the diameter of the cylindrical reinforcing belt ka is determined by the formula d _nc = d _nk + 2Δ, where d _nts is the diameter of the cylindrical reinforcing belt, mm; d _nк - the largest diameter of the front smoothing cone, mm; Δ is the value by which the size of the part changes after processing, mm

Images