RU2276286C2 - Rocket with nuclear quantum engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: rocketry; rocket engines.

SUBSTANCE: radiator of electrons and gamma quanta of beamed high energies is made parabolic, and neutron generator is made of combination type, consisting of proton acceleration, proton-to-neutron conversion, proton separation, alpha particles separation, alpha particles acceleration, alpha particle-to-neutron conversion, feedback coupling and stating unit. Quantum engine is made for generating nuclear energy by radioactive capture of slow neutrons generated by said neutron generator by reagent and conversion of part of excess neutrons into protons, with subsequent connection of captured neutrons with formed protons into compound nuclei and fusion of nuclei with nucleus of reagent to provide thrust by radiation of quanta of gamma and negative beta particles (β^-) of beam high energies. Nuclei of lithium 7, boron-11, sodium-23 and lead 206 are used as reagent.

EFFECT: improved efficiency of rocket engine, reliability and safety of launching of rockets.

5 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to the field of rocket science. A missile with a nuclear quantum engine, compared with other types of modern missiles, has a number of significant advantages and compares favorably with their structural, production, technological, operational and economic capabilities. Nuclear fuel has a million times higher energy intensity than any chemical fuel. This can significantly reduce the launch weight of the rocket and energy consumption to overcome gravity. Where a modern rocket needs to consume 200 tons of chemical fuel, a nuclear rocket will only need 200 grams of nuclear fuel, there is no need to have hundreds of tons of oxidizer on board, which is usually very aggressive, harmful and dangerous. The components of the starting reagent for carrying out nuclear reactions proposed in the application are cheap, harmless and non-radioactive.

The quantum way to create traction makes it possible to greatly simplify and reduce the cost of the propulsion system, since in fact its role will be played by the nuclear reactor itself. For a quantum nuclear engine, it is not necessary to have an intermediate working fluid on board the rocket, which is necessary for a nuclear rocket engine using fission reactions of heavy atomic nuclei.

BACKGROUND

A rocket with a nuclear quantum engine containing a low-temperature nuclear fusion reactor, an emitter of electrons and gamma quanta of a parabolic shape, the thrust of the engine being generated by gamma and beta radiation quanta, the engine comprising a combined type neutron generator, a neutron moderator, a reflector neutrons, engine start and stop system, cooling system, protection system, automatic control system, auxiliary systems and electric charge compensator m radiation of charged helium nuclei [1].

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

A missile with a nuclear quantum engine, designed for use in missile defense systems (ABM), consisting of a warhead, which contains a warhead, cargo compartment, compartment of the control unit, compartment of the transport part, nuclear energy that enables the movement of the rocket is generated by radiation capture reagent, which can be used atomic nuclei of lithium-7, boron-11, sodium-23, lead-206, slow neutrons produced by the neutron generator and the conversion of part of the excess neutron into protons, and then the connection is captured neutrons with protons formed in the core component and the merger with the reagent of the core (low-temperature nuclear fusion takes place with the release of nuclear energy, corresponding to an increase in the binding energy of the atomic nucleus reagent). The traction force is generated due to high-energy gamma and beta quanta of directive action into the open space, carried out by a quantum engine containing a nuclear reactor, a high-energy directional electron and gamma-ray emitter made of parabolic shape, a combined neutron generator consisting of blocks : acceleration of protons, conversion of protons to neutrons, emission of protons, emission of alpha particles, acceleration of alpha particles, conversion of alpha particles to neutrons, reverse communication, start-up; neutron moderator; neutron reflector; engine start and stop system; cooling system; protection system; automatic control system; auxiliary systems. Compensation of an electric charge is made by radiation of charged alpha particles.

Quantum nuclear engines, invented by me, using low-temperature nuclear fusion, have the following advantages, allowing to carry out the proposed function with a high result. The engine is simple in design, small-sized, has a low weight, consumes hundreds of grams of fuel where modern rockets using chemical fuel consume hundreds of tons of chemical fuel. The engine does not require an intermediate working fluid to create traction. Combustible materials and nuclear reaction products are non-radioactive and safe. In the event of a fall to Earth or an explosion in the air, the rocket will not cause radioactive contamination of the area. Missiles can be in a mobile, ready-to-use state for a long time. It takes less than one minute to launch a rocket. Engines can be switched off at any moment of time and repeatedly included repeatedly. Due to the absence on board of the large masses of fuel and oxidizer inherent in chemical fuels, as well as an intermediate working fluid inherent in jet nuclear engines using fission of heavy atomic nuclei, a quantum rocket is able to quickly develop the required speed and intercept any air or space target.

The technical imperfection of modern rockets

1) low calorific value of fuel,

2) the need to drag along a heavy oxidizer ballast and a huge fuel supply,

3) low reliability

4) high explosiveness,

and a number of other significant drawbacks can be eliminated by using low-temperature nuclear fusion nuclear quantum engines. So, for example, using a Soyuz TM-2S rocket as an analogue to compare its characteristics, which successfully launched on 13.08.98 and delivered astronauts aboard a space station, had a launch mass of 310 tons and a mass of the warhead of 7 tons. Whence we have 310/7 = 44.28, i.e. the mass of the rocket is 44.28 times the mass of the payload. Take a mass of fuel components of about 300 tons.

If chemical fuel is replaced with nuclear fuel, the calorific value of which exceeds the caloric value of rocket fuel by a million times, then its mass will be about 300,000 / 1,000,000 = 0.3 kg. If we exclude the intermediate working fluid, then the launch mass of the rocket will be of the order of the mass of the payload and the energy consumption for lifting and accelerating the rocket into the same orbit will be 310/14 = 22.14, i.e. 22 times less. It should be added that the cost of nuclear energy will be hundreds of times less than the cost of the energy of chemical fuel. At the same time, the reliability and safety of missile launch will increase significantly. Any flight regimes in any orbits are provided by one stage of the rocket.

The rocket has the following design (see figure 1)

The warhead serves as a container for placing warheads.

The cargo compartment for placing warheads serves as an additional container, as well as to stabilize the flight, to shift the center of gravity to the bottom of the rocket. To increase stabilization, the cargo is divided into 2 parts, one of which is located in the head part, and the second in the cargo compartment.

The control unit compartment is used to accommodate:

a) flight control computers and the generation of command signals to the mechanisms of the rocket components,

b) stabilization systems for angles of rotation, pitch, yaw,

c) orientation systems,

g) guidance systems,

e) control systems,

e) command signal generation systems,

g) power supply systems,

h) other auxiliary and service systems.

Transport compartment

In the transport compartment of the rocket are located quantum reactors-emitters of energy, steering and corrective installations, systems for starting and stopping engines, cooling systems and stockpile of nuclear fuel.

The quantum emitter reactor is intended to be used as the main transport engine using low-temperature nuclear fusion.

The engine consists of:

1) nuclear reactor,

2) a radiator of gamma-quanta and high-energy electrons, which is a reagent, which uses nuclear fuel, in which under the influence of radiation by a stream of slow neutrons radiation capture of neutrons occurs and a powerful stream of directed gamma and beta minus radiation of high energy is formed.

A quantum of gamma radiation transmits an impulse to the engine

The directional radiated energy flow creates traction

существует релятивистская связь энергии и импульса:where n _{sec the} number of photons emitted in 1 sec by the reactor. The radiation of a β ^- particle (electron) by the atomic core of the reagent transmits to the engine an impulse, which is determined as follows. For relativistic particles between the total energy of the body E, the rest energy E _о and the momentum

there is a relativistic relationship of energy and momentum:

where from

For ultrarelativistic particles, such for which E≈ε,

where ε is the kinetic energy of a moving particle, i.e.

E _o ≪ε, the relation

The use of nuclear energy can increase the calorific value of fuel compared with chemical fuels a million times. The exception of the intermediate working fluid can significantly reduce the volume and weight of the transported cargo and increase efficiency from 20 ÷ 30% to 60 ÷ 67%, it allows you to get rid of the complex design of a special engine, expensive and explosive. The role of the engine can be successfully performed by the nuclear reactor itself, in which the reactor and engine designs can be combined.

3) a neutron generator that generates a powerful neutron flux for irradiating the reagent,

4) a neutron moderator that slows down fast neutrons to the level of thermal neutrons,

5) neutron reflector,

6) electron reflector,

7) start and stop systems,

8) protection systems,

9) automatic control systems,

10) auxiliary systems.

The principle of the engine’s operation is based on using the energy released during nuclear fusion reactions in the form of beta minus and gamma radiation by high energy quanta to create traction. An alpha particle can be synthesized inside the reagent nucleus by introducing into the nucleus four independent nucleons (2 neutrons + 2 protons), which cannot be performed in free space. In this case, the nucleus emits an energy equal to the binding energy of nucleons in a free alpha particle of the order of 28.48 MeV + the binding energy of the formed alpha particle with the original nucleus. However, this way of forming an alpha particle inside the nucleus is not very convenient and irrational due to the need for protons to overcome the electrostatic field of the irradiated nucleus, which requires either high heating of the reacting materials or acceleration of protons to high energies. To eliminate this unnecessary need, we use a workaround. In order to not introduce protons into the atomic nucleus without colliding the foreheads of the same charged particles and nuclei, one can use the property of neutrons to turn into protons with a certain excess of neutrons in the nucleus. If the atomic nucleus is irradiated with slow neutrons alone, part of the captured excess neutrons is converted into protons inside the nucleus and four strongly bonded nucleons are formed inside the reagent nucleus, alpha particles are formed inside the nucleus, which subsequently merge with or separate from the original nucleus. A large amount of nuclear energy is released corresponding to a change in the binding energy in the nucleus. This energy can be allocated and used for the needs of industrial nuclear energy.

Thus, the reactions of low-temperature (intranuclear) fusion will be considered the exothermic reactions of radiation capture of four slow neutrons in combination with the natural two reactions of conversion of a neutron into a proton (beta minus decay).

As a result, the number of nucleons in the nucleus increases by 4 units and the electric charge of the nucleus increases by 2 units, although no positively charged external particles were introduced into the nucleus. The increase in the number of nucleons in the nucleus and the electric charge of the nucleus after the nuclear reaction is carried out confirms the fact of nuclear fusion. This process is intensive at low temperatures and does not require high heating of the reacting materials, which creates favorable conditions for the constructive implementation of a nuclear reactor. Many cheap and environmentally friendly materials are suitable as nuclear fuel.

To implement a nuclear quantum engine using low-temperature nuclear fusion, it is advisable to introduce not 4 neutrons into the reagent nucleus, but use atomic nuclei, which already contain 3 nucleons that are not combined into four, capable of uniting into an alpha particle, and lacks for this one nucleon. In this case, the capture of one slow neutron leads to the completion of the formation of an alpha particle and the release of nuclear energy in large quantities. For example, the most suitable reagents are lithium-7, boron-11, lead-206 preparations.

1) Lithium is a solid metal with a melting point of 186 ° C and a boiling point of 1370 ° C, refers to common chemical elements, its weight percentage in the earth's crust is 0.005%, a stable and environmentally friendly material is lithium-7, its percentage in the natural mixture is 92.7%.

The lithium-7 nucleus contains (conditionally) one formed alpha particle and 3 nucleons that are not connected to the four, of which one proton and two neutrons. In the case of capture of another neutron by a lithium-7 nucleus, the following reaction occurs:

as a result of which one of the neutrons turns into a proton and the formation of the second alpha particle ends. The resulting beryllium-8 core is unstable by nature and breaks up into 2 alpha particles and does not participate in the further reaction. Positively charged helium nuclei are removed from the reactor into the surrounding space, aligning the electric charge of the emitter.

ENERGY ASSESSMENT OF REAGENT.

The following reactions are recommended for energy production (engine traction):

1) ₃ Li ⁷ + n → ₃ Li ⁸ +2.1 MeV;

2)

or 2.5 MeV / nucleon.

1 kg of lithium-7 releases energy 6 · 10 ²⁶ · 17.4 / 7 = 14.9 · 10 ²⁶ MeV or 5.67 · 10 ¹⁰ kcal, which is 2.8 times more than when 1 kg of uranium-235 is consumed . This is equivalent to burning 5.14 thousand tons of gasoline. Given that the cost of 1 kg of uranium-235 is 100 times more expensive than the cost of 1 kg of deuterium, the energy received will be 280 times cheaper than the energy received from modern nuclear power plants.

1 kg of lithium-7 contains 6 · 10 ^26/7 = 8.6 · 10 ²⁵ molecules.

The same number of neutrons is required to be obtained from a neutron generator. For the formation of a neutron from deuterium, it is necessary to expend 2.23 MeV to separate deuterium into a neutron and a proton. Hence, the formation of 8.6 · 10 ²⁵ neutrons must be spent

8.6 · 10 ²⁵ · 2.23 = 1.9 · 10 ²⁶ MeV = 7.3 · 10 ⁹ kcal.

Therefore, the useful energy is 5.67-0.73 = 4.94 · 10 ¹⁰ kcal, which is equivalent to burning 4.46 thousand tons of gasoline.

Consuming 1 kg of reagent per second, which corresponds to an energy consumption of 2.38 · 10 ¹⁴ J / s, we obtain the traction force of the engine

2) Using boron-11 isotope as a reagent,

1 kg of reagent will provide energy of about 16.79 · 6 × 10 ^26/11 = 9.77 · ^{26 October} MeV = 3.76 10 ¹⁰ kcal, which is equivalent to 3.42 tons of burning gasoline.

3) Use of lead-208 as an isotope reagent. The distribution in the earth's crust is 0.0016%, the content in the natural mixture is 25%. Stable isotope.

The following nuclear reactions are recommended:

In this case, the reagent is not consumed, remains unchanged, serves as a catalyst for combining individual nucleons into an alpha particle, which at the end of its formation is separated from the nucleus of the initial reagent, after which a new next alpha particle can be formed. Only neutrons coming from the neutron generator are consumed. The alpha-half-life of polonium-210 is too long, but this does not prevent the reagent from capturing another neutron. The captured next neutron accelerates the completion of the process.

Then the cycle repeats.

To create traction, it is necessary to apply special measures for the formation of a directed flow of energy radiation by the reagent. One of them is to give the reagent a special shape. Suppose that in the process of neutron capture, the reagent emits energy in all directions with equal intensity. In this case, all the generated pulses will compensate each other and no traction will appear. To obtain a directed radiation flux, the reagent should be made in the form of a thin layer. In this case, predominant radiation will occur perpendicular to the surface of the reagent. If you allow one half of the rays to freely spread into open space, and to extinguish the second half of the rays, or better yet, reflect in the opposite direction, we get a pulling force

или

or

where n _sec - energy consumption in sec;

hν is the energy quantum.

The second way to increase the directivity of radiation is the formation of a directed flux of neutrons irradiating the reagent. Quote: “A common reaction for slow neutrons is their radiation capture by protons of the nuclei (n, γ), as a result of which no compound nucleus is formed, and the nucleus returns from the excited state to the ground state - a state emitting a gamma quantum mainly in the direction of neutron motion.” (B. M. Yavorsky and A. A. Detlaf. Handbook of Physics. M., 1965, p. 772).

Thus, the directivity of energy radiation can be improved by the rational arrangement of the neutron generator relative to the emitter.

The third way to increase the directed radiation of energy is to use a reflector of electrons and neutrons. Graphite is a good neutron reflector and for this purpose it is widely used in nuclear reactors as a moderator and neutron reflector. But besides this application, graphite is an excellent reflector of beta-minus radiation electrons. Indeed, the capture of an electron by a carbon atom ₆ C ¹² , if it takes place, converts it into a ₅ V ¹² boron nucleus emitting beta-minus rays with an energy of the order of 13.39 MeV, i.e. re-emission of electrons will take place.

A fourth way to improve the radiation characteristics of a reactor is to convert heating energy. Some of the energy produced is inevitably spent on heating the engine structure and working components. To reduce heat, coolant must be used. This fluid can be used as an intermediate working fluid. As it is consumed, it can be discharged through additional engine nozzles, providing additional engine traction and reducing heat energy losses.

NEUTRON GENERATOR COMBINED.

To maintain reactions of low-temperature nuclear fusion, as in the reactions of fission of heavy nuclei, it is necessary to provide a powerful flux of neutrons irradiating the reagent. In reactors for the fission of heavy nuclei, neutrons are produced by the reagent in sufficient quantities. In low-temperature nuclear fusion reactors, neutrons are not generated by a reagent, but they are necessary for the implementation of reactions, since they serve as a building material for increasing the mass and charge of the nucleus. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a special neutron generator for irradiating a reagent with neutrons; without this, low-temperature nuclear fusion reactions will not take place.

Combined neutron generator uses well-known schemes and principles of neutron production, as well as recommendations for their use.

To increase the reaction yield and neutron flux density, it is necessary to use feedback blocks. For the normal operation of a source of nuclear energy in low-temperature nuclear fusion, the power that modern neutron generators recommended by the technical literature can provide is not enough, it is necessary to increase their productivity and increase the neutron yield. One of the possible ways to obtain a sufficiently powerful neutron flux of the required intensity is to use the idea of converting protons and alpha particles into neutrons, which requires an energy expenditure of 2 MeV for the production of each neutron. Cyclotrons should be used as an accelerator of protons and alpha particles. To implement a proton accelerator, many protons are obtained using a cyclotron, heating hydrogen gas to a temperature at which hydrogen nuclei, i.e. individual protons are freed from electrons.

Since the protons are positively charged, the electric field will accelerate them in a straight line, while the magnetic field bends the proton paths, turning them into circles. By combining electric and magnetic fields, it is possible to accelerate protons moving in a circle to high energies and direct them in the desired direction (for example, from the output of the proton to neutron conversion unit, unreacted protons can be returned to the proton accelerator input, accelerate them and repeat the reaction, increasing neutron yield).

When the protons acquire sufficient energy (2.5 MeV), they are sent to the target, the role of which can be played by a plate of lithium-7, boron-11, copper-63, etc.

Reactions (p, n) consist in the fact that protons and neutrons are interchanged. Reaction examples:

₃ Li ⁷ (p, n) ₄ Be ⁷ ; ₅ B ¹¹ (p, n) ₆ C ¹¹ ;

₂₉ Cu ⁶³ (p, n) ₃₀ Zn ⁶³ et al.

A feedback circuit is used to increase the reaction yield. Protons that did not react in the first cycle and lost some of the energy to excitation of the electron shell of the nuclei are released from the proton to neutron conversion unit, under the influence of electric and magnetic fields are redirected to the accelerator input, where they are accelerated to the necessary energy and re-sent to the proton to neutron conversion unit . This is repeated many times, which increases the yield of the reaction (see figure 3).

From the output of the block for converting protons into neutrons, neutrons pass through a thin membrane separating them from protons into the region of the reactor in which the reagent is located and where low-temperature nuclear fusion takes place.

We calculate the reaction energy

₃ Li ⁷ + p → ₄ Be ⁷ + n-1.64 MeV

Thus, this reaction is endothermic and can occur if the proton is accelerated to the required minimum energy. However, the latter turns out to be more than 1.64 MeV. This is explained by the fact that, when an accelerated proton collides with a fixed nucleus, a part of the kinetic energy of the proton is spent on moving the nucleus itself. Thus, part of the proton energy is converted into the recoil energy of the nucleus. The minimum proton energy at which a nuclear reaction can occur is E _then 1.64 (1 + 1/7) = 1.88 MeV. The second channel of the combined neutron generator uses the following scheme:

1) acceleration of alpha particles to the required amount of energy in the cyclotron,

2) neutron production using the reaction (α, n), an example of such a reaction is

₄ Be ⁹ + α → ₆ C ¹² + n + 5.7 MeV

This reaction is exothermic and can occur at low alpha particle energies, necessary only to overcome the Coulomb repulsive forces from the nucleus of the order of 1.62 MeV.

The proposed scheme of a combined neutron generator will increase the neutron flux intensity to the required value.

LIST OF FIGURES, DRAWINGS AND OTHER MATERIALS.

FIG. 1. General view of a rocket with a nuclear quantum engine.

1. The head part

2. control unit compartment,

3. cargo compartment,

4. transport compartment.

FIG. 2-4. Nuclear quantum engine design

1. Case

2. neutron generator,

3. neutron moderator,

4. charged alpha particles,

5. neutron reflector,

6. electron reflector,

7. start and stop system,

8. reagent

9. protection system,

10. automatic control system,

11. auxiliary systems.

FIG. 5. Block diagram of a combined generator.

1. The proton acceleration unit,

2. unit for converting protons into neutrons,

3. block of proton extraction,

4. feedback block,

5. reagent

6. block selection of alpha particles,

7. feedback block,

8. alpha particle acceleration unit,

9. unit for converting alpha particles into neutrons,

10. block selection of alpha particles,

11. feedback block.

INFORMATION CONFIRMING THE POSSIBILITY OF IMPLEMENTING A ROCKET WITH A NUCLEAR QUANTUM ENGINE.

DESCRIPTION OF THE MISSILE DESIGN

The rocket has the following design (see figure 1)

HEAD PART (1) is used to place warheads.

The control unit compartment (2) is used to accommodate:

a) flight control computers and the generation of command signals to the control mechanisms of the rocket units,

b) stabilization systems for angles of rotation, pitch, yaw,

c) orientation systems,

g) guidance systems,

e) control systems,

e) command signal generation systems,

g) power supply systems,

h) other auxiliary and service systems.

FREIGHT COMPARTMENT (3) for placing warheads serves as an additional container, as well as for stabilizing the flight, to shift the center of gravity to the bottom of the rocket. To increase stabilization, the cargo is divided into 2 parts, one of which is located in the head part, and the second in the cargo compartment.

TRANSPORTATION COMPARTMENT (4) - In the transport compartment of the rocket are located quantum reactors-emitters of energy, steering and correctional installations, systems for starting and stopping engines, a cooling system and a stock of nuclear fuel.

The quantum emitter reactor is intended to be used as the main transport engine using low-temperature nuclear fusion.

The engine consists of the following structural units (see figure 3)

1) Nuclear reactor;

2) an emitter of gamma-quanta and high-energy electrons, which is a reagent, which is used as nuclear fuel, in which under the influence of radiation by a stream of slow neutrons radiation capture of slow neutrons and radiation of nuclear energy occur

3) housing (1);

4) combined neutron generator (2);

5) neutron moderator (3);

6) the allocation of charged alpha particles (4);

7) neutron reflector (5);

8) electron reflector (6);

9) start and stop systems (7);

10) reagent (8);

11) protection systems

12) automatic control systems

13) auxiliary systems

In the initial state, all constituent components are non-radioactive, stable and harmless substances that do not pose a danger to maintenance personnel and the environment.

PRINCIPLE OF ACTION OF THE ENGINE.

To start the engine, you must:

1. Turn on the power supply of the electromagnets of the accelerating cyclotrons,

2. Turn on the power to the RF generator,

3. Turn on the power of the hydrogen and helium heater,

4. Turn on the supply of hydrogen and helium to the acceleration blocks of protons and alpha particles (see figure 3).

The flows of hydrogen and helium are heated to a temperature at which protons and helium nuclei (alpha particles) are separated from the electron shell and accelerated under the influence of an electric field. The magnetic field causes the charged particles to move in a spiral. In this case, the particle energy increases with each revolution. Upon reaching a particle energy of the order of 2.5 MeV, charged particles are sent to the target, converting protons into neutrons. The reaction (p, n) consists in the fact that protons and neutrons seem to change places. Reaction examples:

₃ Li ⁷ (p, n) ₄ Be ⁷ ; ₅ B ¹¹ (p, n) ₆ C ¹¹ ;

₂₉ Cu ⁶³ (p, n) ₃₀ Zn ⁶³ et al.

A feedback circuit is used to increase the yield of reactions (4). Protons that did not react in the first cycle and lost some of the energy to excitation of the electron shell of nuclei, having kinetic energy below the reaction threshold level (p, n), are released by the proton extraction unit (3) and, under the influence of electric and magnetic fields, are returned to the input of the proton acceleration unit (1) for a repeated reaction cycle (p, n), thereby increasing the reaction yield.

The neutron flux formed in the block converting protons into neutrons enters the reactor core to a low-temperature nuclear fusion reagent (5).

The alpha particle acceleration unit (8) accelerates alpha particles to energies exceeding the reaction threshold (α, n).

The unit for converting alpha particles into neutrons (9) produces neutrons by carrying out the reaction (α, n) and directs the formed neutrons into the reactor core to a low-temperature nuclear fusion reagent (5).

The alpha particle extraction unit (6), (10) selects unreacted alpha particles having kinetic energy below the reaction threshold (α, n) and returns them via the feedback circuit to the input of the alpha particle acceleration unit for a repeated reaction cycle (α , n), thereby increasing the yield of the reaction. In the active zone of the emitter reactor (see Fig. 2), incoming neutrons are slowed down by a neutron moderator (3), which is used as graphite and radiation capture of slow neutrons by reagent (8) takes place.

In the reagent nuclei irradiated with slow neutrons, a nuclear reaction occurs:

₃ Li ⁷ + n → ₃ Li ⁸ +2.1 MeV;

as a result of which 2 positively charged alpha particles are formed and 17.3 MeV energy is emitted, emitted by a 2-MeV gamma-ray quantum and a 15.31-MeV beta-minus radiation flux, which are used to create engine traction, spending 1 kg of reagent per second, which corresponds to the energy consumption of 2.38 × 10 ^14/3 × 10 ⁸ = 795 m · s / kg.

Claims (1)

A rocket with a nuclear quantum engine, including a nuclear reactor, an emitter of electrons and high-energy gamma rays of directional action, a neutron generator, a neutron moderator, a neutron reflector, an engine start and stop system, a cooling system, a protection system, an automatic control system and auxiliary systems the fact that it contains a warhead with a warhead, a control unit compartment, a cargo compartment and a transport compartment, while the emitter of electrons and high-energy gamma rays The directional action of the quantum engine is made in a parabolic shape, and the neutron generator is combined and consists of blocks for accelerating protons, converting protons to neutrons, emitting protons, emitting alpha particles, accelerating alpha particles, converting alpha particles to neutrons, feedback and firing while the quantum engine is configured to generate nuclear energy by radiation reagent capture of slow neutrons produced by the aforementioned neutron generator, and the conversion of and excess neutrons into protons, followed by combining the captured neutrons with the formed protons into composite nuclei and fusing them with the reagent nucleus and thereby generating traction due to the emission of gamma and beta minus quanta of high directed energies, with atomic nuclei being used as the reagent lithium-7, boron-11, sodium-23 and lead-206.

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