RU2275419C1 - Lubricating fluid for polishing metallic parts - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: lubricants.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to mashing of metals, in particular to polishing metallic parts of bearings. Suitable lubricating fluid is composed of diesel fuel, 30-60%, lubricating fluid "Gremlos", 10-30%, and water.

EFFECT: improved stability and sanitary-hygienic safety of operation conditions, avoided risk of fire and fogging.

5 tbl

Description

The invention relates to compositions of cutting fluids (coolant) used for machining metals, for example for grinding metal parts of bearings.

Known coolant for grinding metal parts, such as metal balls, containing diesel fuel, mainly summer diesel fuel [1].

The closest coolant for grinding metal parts, for example, metal balls, is a coolant containing diesel fuel with the addition of arachin (synthetic fatty acids of the C17-C20 fraction) [2].

The principal drawback of such coolant is its high fire hazard, since diesel fuel is a flammable liquid with a flash point of 61 ° C, this leads to the ignition of the machines. Another big drawback of this coolant is its high volatility, this increases the gas contamination of the atmosphere of the workshop. The resulting oil smog as a result of fumes of diesel decomposition products creates unhealthy working conditions. Explosive concentration of diesel fuel vapor with air is 2-3 percent by volume (GOST 4749-49).

The objective of the invention is to increase the stability of the coolant, work safety, improve the sanitary-hygienic safety of working conditions, eliminate fire hazard and fogging, expand the arsenal of tools without reducing performance.

The problem is solved in that the coolant for grinding metal parts contains diesel fuel, Gremlos coolant and water, wt.%: Diesel fuel 30-60; Coolant "Gremlos" 10-30; water is the rest.

New in the present invention is that the coolant for grinding metal parts additionally contains coolant "Gremlos" and water in a certain percentage.

This set of distinctive features was not found in the analyzed patent and scientific and technical literature, it clearly does not follow for a specialist from the prior art and led to the achievement of a new technical result. This technical solution passed the technical tests at OJSC “Roltom” in Tomsk.

Thus, this technical solution meets the criteria of the invention of "novelty", "inventive step" and "industrially applicable"

Coolant for grinding metal parts consists of diesel fuel, Gremlos coolant and water in the following ratio of components wt.%: Diesel fuel 30-60; Coolant "Gremlos" 10-30; water is the rest.

The proposed coolant is prepared as follows.

The calculated amount of Gremlos coolant is poured into water [3], which is a balanced mixture of fatty acids, surfactants, corrosion inhibitors and a bactericidal additive, easily soluble in water without heating it (TU 2423-001-43160694-2000) . SOZH "Gremlos" is serially produced by the Scientific and Production Firm LLC Gremlos? Vladimir city. Hygienic conclusion on products, goods No. 33. IP.5.242. P 844.3.00. 03/22/2000 Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation Center for State Sanitary and Epidemiological Surveillance in the Vladimir Region). The mixture is stirred mechanically, then diesel fuel is poured into an aqueous solution in a small stream until a whitish-milky color of a homogeneous liquid, such as an emulsion, is formed. The components are taken in the following ratio wt.%: Diesel fuel 30-60, coolant Gremlos 10-30, water - the rest.

With proper preparation, delamination of the coolant is not allowed, since when delaminating in the water part, microbiological damage occurs, especially with a simple machine. This can lead to infection of the coolant. With proper preparation of the coolant, decomposition and reproduction of microorganisms (bacteria) does not occur, since this coolant is not affected by bacteria. This also happens because diesel fuel is a good bactericide and is not a breeding ground for bacteria.

To confirm the positive effect when using the proposed coolant, studies were conducted of 1000 liters of coolant prepared by the proposed method.

We used a ball grinding machine model МРБ-800 (made in Romania), a tank capacity of 600 liters, and a machine model МШ-33 Г, a tank capacity of 400 liters. Before refilling the proposed coolant, thorough mechanical cleaning and washing with a 15% soda solution of technological contaminants (metal waste) of the tank, trays, bed, and other elements of the coolant supply system was performed [4]. Cooked proposed coolant was poured into the working tanks.

The following setup was mounted from the tool below.

For the MRB-800 machine:

1. PP grinding wheel 800X100X290mm with a density of 2.83 g / cm ³ , linear size 75 mm.

2. A cast-iron disk of production of 3 gas processing plants with hardness NB 430, size 800 × 500 × 78 mm.

For the machine MSH-33 G:

1. Grinding wheel PP 800X100X290mm with a density of 2.80 g / cm ³ , linear size 68 mm.

2. A cast-iron disk of production of 3 gas processing plants with hardness NB 240 of size 800 × 100 × 265 mm. The remaining set-up items are installed according to the recommendations for the machine.

Processing modes for the MRB-800 machine:

- the frequency of rotation of the grinding wheel 65 rpm;

- rotation speed of the elevator 0.02-4.4 revolutions per minute;

- the mass of the loaded batch of 200-220 kg;

- pressure at the beginning of processing for 1 hour 3 kg / cm ² ;

- working pressure 20 kg / cm ² ;

- pressure at the end of processing for 0.5 hours 5 kg / cm ² ;

- removable allowance of 180 microns;

- diameter of processing of a ball in inches 29/32 ";

- the diameter of the processing of the ball in mm 18,256.

Processing modes for the machine МШ-33 Г:

- the frequency of rotation of the grinding wheel 88 rpm;

- rotation speed of the elevator 1-2 revolutions per minute;

- the mass of the loaded party is 280 kg;

- pressure at the beginning of processing for 1 hour 2 kg / cm ² ;

- working pressure 17 kg / cm ² ;

- pressure at the end of processing for 0.5 hours 3 kg / cm ² ;

- removable allowance 185 microns;

- diameter of processing the ball in inches 1 1/8 ";

- ball processing diameter in mm 28.575.

In the process, changes in the coolant were monitored. During the testing period, 8 batches of 23/32 "type metal balls were worked out on the MRB-800 machine, 5 batches of 1 1/8" type metal balls on the MSH-33 G machine, were tested. Within 0.5 hours was the process of running in the coolant. During the running-in of the machine, the coolant is heated to 40-45 ° C, and the coolant exhibits a good washing property. As a result of the work, it was found that a favorable grinding regime is carried out at a temperature above 40 ° C.

The duration of processing balls type 29/32 "was 7 hours, type 1 1/8" - 8 hours, which is equal to the processing performance on diesel fuel with the addition of 1% arachin. (Table 1 - “Comparative table of removable allowance and duration of processing balls of type 1 1/8" of the proposed coolant and diesel fuel. Table 2 - “Comparative table of removable allowance and duration of processing of balls of type 1 1/8" of proposed coolant and diesel fuel + 1 % of peanut ").

The metal balls were clean from the machine, the linear wear of the grinding wheel per batch was 3 mm. The amount of disk wear corresponds to 0.7 mm, the average hourly removal of 25-30 microns / hour (the average hourly removal of metal is a factor in assessing the performance of the grinding of balls). No burns detected. The geometric parameters of metal balls type 23/32 "are given in table 3 and the processing mode in table 4 in comparison with diesel fuel and 1% peanut.

Coolant quality indicators were determined in a chemical laboratory and had the following parameters:

First day of work:

Appearance - white slightly yellowish emulsion

The smell is specific, not irritating

Hydrogen pH 9.2

Flash point in open crucible not determined

Withstands corrosion tests

Bacteria tests 0 points

Third day of work:

Appearance - coolant color turned grayish

Smell - no change

PH value 9.0

Withstands corrosion tests

Bacteria tests 0 points

Changes in coolant color occurred due to accumulation of grinding sludge in the coolant. It gave a grayish tint.

Coolant quality indicators are given in table 5.

The negative effect of coolant on the mucous membranes and skin was not noted.

The decrease in the volatility of the proposed coolant is due to the fact that diesel fuel is distributed in water in the form of small drops.

The coolant thus formed is stable and homogeneous due to the presence of 10-30 percent Gremlos coolant, which contains additives in the form of high molecular weight fatty acids and surfactants, which increase the stability of the emulsion. Fire risk reduction is due to the presence of water in the coolant.

The percentage of coolant components was selected experimentally. With a lower content of components, the removal of metal from metal parts is reduced and the grinding wheel is salted, which affects the amount of removal. At a higher percentage, stratification of the coolant occurs, which leads to an increase in fire hazard and gas contamination of the workshop.

A warranty period was established for the protection of metal parts from corrosion, which amounted to 30 days. The proposed coolant protects the surface of metal parts from corrosion by enveloping the surface of the balls with an emulsion in which diesel fuel is evenly distributed. Water, in turn, makes the proposed coolant fireproof.

The proposed coolant can also be used for grinding rings of any type.

Grinding of rings of type 204/02 on a Bel-214 trough-grinding machine showed the advantages of the proposed coolant.

- The roughness of the treated surface (gutter) corresponds to the technological documentation;

- Productivity is 5 rings per minute or 200-300 per hour or 2000 pieces per shift;

- The proposed coolant provides burn-free grinding at technological cutting conditions. No cold burns were found;

- Does not reduce the resistance of the abrasive tool;

- It has good washing properties, there is no greasing of the grinding wheel;

- The quality of grinding is not inferior to the quality of grinding in oil.

Thus, the tests showed the following advantages of the proposed coolant:

- ensuring the necessary performance of the process of "grinding without burns";

- providing the required quality with geometric parameters and surface roughness;

- high anticorrosive properties, providing protection against corrosion of metal parts and equipment;

- lack of harmful effects on personnel;

- improvement of working conditions, exclusion of the “oil smog” workshop from the atmosphere;

- the exclusion of fire hazard production;

- the possibility of saving diesel fuel and fuel and energy raw materials (at a diesel price of 10 rubles per kg, 2,000 rubles per ton are saved);

- with high quality grinding of metal parts and constant processing time, improved working conditions, sanitary and hygienic conditions of harmlessness

- fire hazard and fogging are practically excluded.

This positive effect was achieved thanks to new significant features, namely the introduction of new components into the coolant at a certain ratio.

Literature

1. Technology and equipment for ball production. Olender Leonty Antonovich. Higher School of the State Committee of the Council of Ministers of the BSSR for Publishing, Printing and Book Trade. The editors of the literature of educational institutions of the system of vocational education. Minsk. 1974. p. 172, ch. 5.

2. Technology and equipment for ball production. Olender Leonty Antonovich. Higher School of the State Committee of the Council of Ministers of the BSSR for Publishing, Printing and Book Trade. The editors of the literature of educational institutions of the system of vocational education. Minsk. 1974. p. 172, ch. 5.

3. Greasing liquid lubricating cooling Technical specifications TU 2423-001-43160694-2000. Vladimir city. 2000.

4.S.G. Entelis et al. Lubricant-cooling technological means for metal cutting. Directory. M .: Engineering. 1986.p. 271 p. 3.

Table 1 No. of batches processed by the proposed coolant one 2 3 four 5 The average value on the offer. Coolant Average
diesel fuel value + 1% arachin Removable stock (μm) 165 190 165 210 180 182 185 Processing time in hours 7 8 7 9 8 8 8

table 2 No. of batches processed by the proposed coolant one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 The average value on the offer. Coolant. The average value on diesel fuel + 1% arachin The removed allowance, microns 180 190 170 180 185 180 190 190 183 180 Processing time in hours 7 8 6 7 7 7 8 8 7 7

Table 3 Geometric Balls Using diesel fuel and 1% arachin Using the proposed coolant 1. Hourly removal in microns / hour 25-30 25-30 2. The presence of burns not found not found 3. Filling the balls not found not found 4. The period of protection against corrosion (days) fourteen thirty

Table 4 Processing modes Using diesel fuel and 1% arachin Using the proposed coolant 1. The frequency of rotation of the grinding wheel (rpm) 65 65 2. The rotation frequency of the elevator (rpm). 0.02 ÷ 4.4 0.02 ÷ 4.4 3. The pressure at the beginning of processing for 1 hour kg / cm ² . 3 3 Working pressure twenty twenty Pressure at the end of processing for 0.5g. 5 5 4. The linear value of the wear of the grinding wheel in mm 3 3-4

Table 5 Quality indicators of the proposed coolant 1st day 3rd day 1. Appearance White slightly grayish 2. Smell not annoying not annoying (no cheating.) 3. pH 9.2 9.0 4. Corrosion test exposure exposure 5. Bacteria Test 0 0

Claims (1)

Cutting lubricant for grinding metal parts containing diesel fuel, characterized in that it additionally contains Gremlos coolant and water in the following ratio, wt.%: Diesel fuel 30-60 Coolant "Gremlos" 10-30 Water Rest