RU2274701C1 - Water-filled added-on flood control dam - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hydraulic structures, particularly engineering structures to be built in river, sea and other territories characterized by flood risk.

SUBSTANCE: dam is installed along coast line or territory liable to flood and connected to graded and reinforced surface thereof. Dam comprises lower basic continuous row of hollow reservoirs installed in back-to-back manner and additional row of connected hollow reservoirs installed on the lower row. The reservoirs are provided with drainage and supply pipelines with one-way check valves. Through orifices are created in bottoms of all reservoirs except ones of the last upper row. Orifices made in lids of the last upper row are closed with removable doors. Reservoirs of at least lower composite parts have inner transversal partitions. The reservoirs are connected one to another by guiding fingers or extensions inserted in corresponding orifices or depressions. Reservoirs are reinforced with vertical abutments from coast line.

EFFECT: increased flood control efficiency, reduced time of dam building, reduced building material consumption.

2 dwg

Description

Technical field

Usage: in hydraulic engineering, in particular in engineering structures to protect coastal areas from floods of the coastal strip or areas threatened by flooding.

No analogs found

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The aim (task) of the claimed invention is to expand the arsenal and scope of protective structures against floods, to provide reliable protection of the coastal coastal strip or territory threatened by floods, from floods, as well as to accelerate the construction and increase of protective structures (dams) with a significant reduction in the number of building materials .

The technical result consists in the implementation of reliable flood protection during the construction and use of a water-filled stackable dam embodying the claimed invention (Clause 3.2.4.3 of the Rules for Compiling, Filing and Considering an Application for a Patent for an Invention).

This goal is achieved by the fact that the water filling dam is installed along the coastal strip or territory where there is a risk of flooding, fixed on their planned and fortified surface and consists of a lower (first) continuous continuous row of hollow sectional tanks installed (close to each other) (the base part of the dam) , on which, if necessary (in case of an increase in the water level in the water area), it is possible to install on top of additional rows of hollow sectional tanks tightly joined together (composition части parts of the dam), drainage pipes with one-way check valves are mounted in the lower part of the tank wall, and the supply pipes with one-way check valves are installed in the upper part of the tank wall, and in the tank bottoms, except for the tanks of the dam base part, and in the tank covers, except for the tanks of the upper the last row, through holes are made, and the holes in the lids of the tanks of the upper last row are drowned with removable hatches, in addition, the tanks, at least of the lower components, have t inside the vertical transverse partitions, providing stiffness of the tanks, and from the side of the shore tanks are strengthened by vertical buttresses.

When installing along the coastal strip or territory where there is a threat of flooding, only the base part of the dam, raising the water in the water area to the level of the supply pipes of the reservoirs entails filling the reservoirs of the base part of the dam with water. The air displaced by the water from the tanks leaves through the drainage holes for air located in the walls of the tanks above the supply pipes from the side of the water area. One-way valves of the supply pipes allow water to enter the reservoirs. One-way valves of the drainage pipes located in the lower part of the walls of the tanks are closed for water from the water area. Removable hatches of openings in a cover of tanks are tightly closed.

The water-filled base of the dam acquires greater stability by increasing its total mass. When the water level in the water area drops to a normal, ordinary level below the level of the drainage pipes, water from the tanks exits through the one-way check valve of the drainage pipes.

If there is a threat of an increase in the water level in the water area above the height of the base part of the dam, the design of the bulk dam provides for the possibility of building it up by installing from the top on the base part of the dam additional rows of hollow sectional tanks tightly and hermetically joined to each other, which, like the base part, are components of the dam . In this case, the removable hatches of the lids of the reservoirs of the base part of the dam are removed and installed in the holes of the lids of the reservoirs of the upper row (upper part of the dam), drowning them.

Raising the water level to the level of the supply pipes of the upper rows of reservoirs (upper components of the dam), hermetically mounted on top of the reservoirs of the base part of the dam, also entails filling the reservoirs and upper components of the dam with water. In this case, removable hatches in the lids of the tanks of the upper part of the dam are tightly closed. The air displaced by the water from the tanks when filling them with water leaves through the drainage holes for air located in the walls of the tanks above the supply pipes.

When the water level in the water area drops to a normal, ordinary level below the level of the drainage pipes of the base part of the dam, water alternately exits through drainage pipes with a one-way check valve, first from the upper row of reservoirs (the upper part of the dam), and then from the lower parts dams.

With the increase (if necessary) of the height of the bulk dam due to the increase in its upper components, the total mass of the dam increases, its stability increases, the ability of the dam to withstand the increasing pressure of rising water in the water area increases, which increases the protection of the coastal coastal strip or the area threatened by the flood from floods. In addition, from the shore, the tanks are reinforced with vertical buttresses.

The ease of building the dam is ensured by the accessibility of the dam from the shore and the water area, the speed of assembly of the structure from tanks manufactured in the factory, the interchangeability of tanks having a single standard size in each component part of the dam.

In addition, the speed of assembly of the components of the dam with the base part and between each other is ensured by the presence on the mating surfaces of the bottoms and lids of the reservoirs of guide fingers or protrusions on the surface of one component part of the dam, which are included in the holes or recesses intended for them on the surface of the other component part of the dam.

Unlike traditional dams made of earth, stone, concrete, etc., for the construction of which a huge amount of the listed building material is required, in the claimed invention, water from the water area itself serves as an additional building material of the water-filled, accumulated dam in its working condition, which leads to a significant reduce the amount of traditional building materials.

Thus, when using the claimed invention, the task is solved and a technical result is achieved that provides increased reliability of coastal coastal strip protection from floods, as well as accelerated construction and building up of a protective structure (dam) with a significant reduction in the number of building materials.

List of drawings

Figure 1 shows the construction, front view; figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1.

Information confirming the possibility of carrying out the invention

The water-filled stackable flood dam contains the lower base part of dam 1 (Fig. 1), consisting of tightly, hermetically joined reservoirs A, B, C ... installed along the coastal strip or territory where there is a threat of flooding, and fixed to their planned and strengthened surface, on which, if necessary (if there is a threat of a rise in the water level above the height of the base part of the dam), the upper components of the dam 2,3,4 ... are also tightly sealed, also consisting of tightly, hermetically joined second reservoirs to the bottom of tank walls 5 mounted drainage pipe (2) with one-way check valves 6, and the upper part of the tank walls is provided with a feed pipe 7 with unilateral check valve 8 and the drain holes 9 for air; through holes 10 are made in the bottom of the reservoirs, except for the base part of the dam, and in the lid of the reservoirs, in addition to the reservoirs of the upper last row, and the holes in the covers of the reservoirs of the upper last row are muffled by removable hatches 11, in addition, the reservoirs of at least the lower components, have inside vertical transverse partitions (not shown in the drawing), providing rigidity of the tanks; on the mating surfaces of the bottoms and lids of the tanks there are holes or recesses on the surface of one component of the dam and guide fingers or protrusions on the surface of the other component of the dam, included in the holes or recesses intended for them (not shown), and from the shore side the tanks are strengthened vertical buttresses 12.

Tanks A, B, C ... can be made of stainless metal or metal with a corrosion-resistant coating, concrete, reinforced concrete or other highly durable material. The strength of the tanks should be calculated taking into account the extension of the dam by installing on top of the base lower part of the dam 1 additional components 2, 3, 4 ..., which are alternately mounted on top of each other, and also taking into account the filling of their cavities with water. The reservoirs, at least of the lower components, have vertical transverse partitions inside, which ensure the rigidity of the reservoirs. The design of the partitions allows water to completely fill the entire cavity of the reservoirs, and when water falls in the water area, it can freely exit the reservoirs.

The vertical buttresses 12, which strengthen each component of the dam, are mounted alternately as the dam builds up. They can be made of stainless metal or metal with a corrosion-resistant coating, concrete, reinforced concrete, stone, brick or other durable material.

The side walls of the dam can be equipped with ladders, providing ease of installation and repair of the structure, access to the structural elements of the dam.

The base part of dam 1 is installed along the coastal strip or territory where there is a threat of flooding, and is fixed on their planned reinforced surface so that the outlet openings of the drainage pipes 5 are slightly higher than the ordinary, ordinary, water level in the water area.

The construction operates as follows. At an ordinary (normal) water level in the water area (below the outlet of the drainage pipe 5), the structure is in the initial position, tanks A, B, C ... are not filled with water.

When the water level rises in the water area, water enters through the supply pipes 7 into the reservoir cavity of the base part of the dam 1, filling them with water. In this case, the mass of the base part of the dam 1 increases, as a result of which its stability increases, the ability of the dam to withstand the increasing pressure of the rising water in the water area increases, which increases the reliability of the protection of the coastal coastal zone or the area threatened by floods from floods.

After building the dam with the upper components, raising the water level to the level of the supply pipes of the upper rows of the reservoirs (upper components of the dam) entails filling the reservoirs of the upper components of the dam with water. In this case, an even greater increase in the mass of the dam occurs, as a result of which its stability increases even more, the ability of the dam to withstand the increasing pressure of rising water in the water area increases, which further increases the reliability of flood protection of the coastal strip or territory that is threatened. Buttresses 12 further strengthen the dam.

When the water drops to the level of the ordinary, ordinary, water level in the water area, water flows sequentially through drainage pipes 5, first from the upper component of the dam, then from the lower component of the dam and so on until the lower base of the dam is released from the water.

If necessary, one or more of the upper components of the dam can be dismantled.

One of the important advantages and advantages of the claimed invention is the ability to quickly build and build a dam.

Another advantage and advantage of the claimed structure is the possibility of a very significant increase in the height of the dam while increasing its stability and reliability of resisting the pressure of the water area.

Another advantage of the claimed invention is the use of water in the water area as a ballast, giving the dam stability, reliability in resisting the pressure of water in the water area, and hence the reliability of flood protection.

The construction does not violate the ecological situation and cleanliness of the environment. The dam according to the claimed invention is easier and faster to build than to build dams that are constantly growing with a traditional filling on top of the ground to protect against floods.

Thus, when using the claimed invention, the task is solved and a technical result is achieved that provides increased reliability of coastal coastal strip protection from floods, as well as accelerated construction and building up of a protective structure (dam) with a significant reduction in the number of building materials.

Claims (1)

A floodable flood-filling dam installed along a coastal coastal strip or area threatened by flooding and secured on its planned and fortified surface and including a lower base continuous row of hollow tanks installed adjacent to each other with the possibility of installing additional rows of tightly docked on top of it between hollow tanks, drain pipes with one-way check valves are mounted in the lower part of the tank wall, and the upper part of the walls and tanks is equipped with feed pipes with one-way check valves, and in the bottoms of the tanks, except for the tanks of the lower base row, and the covers of the tanks, in addition to the tanks of the upper last row, through holes are made, holes in the covers of the tanks of the upper, last row are plugged with removable hatches, in addition, tanks, at least of the lower components, have vertical transverse partitions inside; on the mating surfaces of the bottoms and lids of the tanks, there are holes or recesses on the surface of one component of the dam and guide fingers or protrusions on the surface of the other component of the dam, included in the holes or recesses intended for them, and from the shore, the tanks are strengthened by vertical buttresses.

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