RU2273941C2 - THREE-PHASED WINDING OF ELECTRIC MACHINES AT 2p=4c POLES, z=18c GROOVES (VARIANTS) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electric engineering, possible use in electro-mechanical engineering, in particular - engineering of three-phased asynchronous and synchronous machines.

SUBSTANCE: three-phased winding of electric machines at 2p=4c poles, z=18c grooves is made of 6c evenly shifted coil groups with concentric coils with their average step by grooves y_c=4, integer number c=1,2,... and 2w_c coils of each groove. In accordance to first variant of realization of invention, two-layer groups contain three coils each with steps y_πi=6,4,2 and numbers of coils w_c,(1+x)w_c,(1-x)w_c, where x = 0,65. In accordance to second variant of invention realization one-two layer groups contain two coils each with steps y_πi=5,3 and coil numbers 2w_c,w_c.

EFFECT: increased winding coefficient and decreased differential dissipation σ_d of symmetric m' = 3-zoned winding at 2p=4·c poles and z=18·c grooves.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to three-phase windings of electrical AC machines, can be used on a stator of three-phase asynchronous and synchronous machines, a phase rotor of asynchronous motors (HELL).

Known loop two-layer symmetrical m = 3-phase windings, performed by 2-pole in z grooves from m'p coil groups with equal-step or concentric coils with their average step along grooves y _p ≈z / 2p and the number of grooves per pole and phase q = z / m'p whole or fractional, where m 'is the number of phase zones per pair of poles, equal to m' = m = 3 - three-zone, or m '= 2m = 6 - six-zone windings [Voldek A.I. Electric cars. L .: Energy, 1978, S. 392-393].

Closest to the proposed m '= 3-zone two-layer winding, performed 2p = 4-pole in z = 18 grooves from 3p = 6 coil groups with q = z / 3p = 3 coils with y _n = 4 in each, which is simpler than m '= 6-zone winding due to half the number of groups, but has a low winding coefficient and increased differential scattering, which is its disadvantage and limits the application.

The invention aims to increase the winding coefficient m '= 3-zone winding while lowering its differential scattering σ _d

The solution of this problem is achieved by the fact that for a three-phase 2p = 4c-pole winding made in z = 18c grooves of 6s uniformly displaced coil groups with concentric coils with an average groove pitch of y _k = 4, the total number of c = 1, 2, ... and 2w _{to the} turns of each groove:

according to the first embodiment, the two-layer groups contain three coils with steps y _pi = 6, 4, 2 and the number of turns w _k , (1 + x) w _k , (1-x) w _k , where x = 0.65;

according to the second variant, one-two-layer groups contain two coils with steps y _pi = 5, 3 and the number of turns 2w _k , w _k .

Figure 1 shows the reamers of the groove layers of the proposed winding according to the first embodiment with 2p = 4 (c = 1), z = 18 grooves with numbers 1 ... 18, 6s = 6 coil groups with numbers 1G ... 6G with their upper frontal parts, alternating phase zones in the sequence A-B-C of the upper and X, Y, Z lower layers, and in Fig. 2, its MDS polygons are constructed (along a triangular grid) with coils equal to (internal) and unequal (external) for x = 0.5; figure 3, 4 - the same as in figure 1, 2, but for the second option. With c = 2, 3, ... the winding has 2p = 4c = 8, 12, ... poles, z = 18c = 36, 54, ... and a repeat of 2, 3, ... times the sweep of figure 1 , 3. The proposed m '= 3-zone winding is connected in phases in the usual way with the consent of the sequential (a = 1) or parallel (a = 2) inclusion of phase groups: 1G, 4G with the beginning of the phase from the beginning of 1G in phase I; 2G, 5G with the beginning of 2G in phase II; 3G, 6G with the beginning of 3G in phase III, and the phases can mate in a star (Y) or a triangle (Δ).

For winding 1 on the coefficients K _yi = sm (at 90 ° _pi / τ _n) shortening coils when the pole pitch τ _p = z / 2p = 18/4 = 4,5, 2w _k = 2 turns of the groove are equal to: _yi K = 0.8660254 (for _pi = 6), (1 + x) 0.984808 (for _pi = 4), (1-x) 0.642788 (for _pi = 2) and then the winding coefficient K _r and the average pitch of the coils at _p.s.

Of the polygons of the MDS of figure 2 (in the center are the unit vectors of the currents of the phase zones A-Z-B-X-C-Y) according to the relations

the differential scattering coefficient σ _d is determined, which characterizes the quality of the winding by the harmonic composition of its MDS, where R ² _d is the square of the average radius j = 1 ... q of the groove points relative to the center, R _o is the radius of the circle for the main harmonic MDS [Popov V.I. . Determination, optimization of the parameters of three-phase windings along MDS polygons // Electricity, 1997, No. 9, p. 53-55]:

for x = 0-R ² _j = 2 ² + 1 + 2 = 7 - for points j = 1, 3, R ² _j = 2 ² = 4 - for point j = 2, R ² _d = Σ (R ² _j ) / 3 = 6, R _o = 18 · 0.83121 / 2π with K _about = 0.83121 from (1) and by (2) σ _d% = 5.82;

at x = 0.5-R ² _j = 7 - for j = 1.3, R ² _j = (2 + x) ² = 4 + 4 + x ² - for j = 2 'and

then, according to (1) - (3), from the condition d (σ _d ) / d (x) = 0, the optimal value X _opt = 0.65 is calculated, which corresponds to the minimum value of σ _{d% min} : for x _opt = 0.65-K _r = 0.90531, R ² _d = 21.0225 / 3, R _o = 18 · 0.90531 / 2π and σ _{d% min} = 4.18, i.e. the value of σ _d% at x _opt = 0.65 decreases by 5.82 / 4.18 = 1.39 times; taking into account the increase in K _{about the} efficiency of the winding is equal to K _eff = (0,90531 / 0,83121) (5,82 / 4,18) = 1,52. According to (1), at x _opt = 0.65-U, _sr = 4 + 2x / 3-13.3 / 3 = 4.433.

Similarly, for the winding in the second embodiment (figure 3, 4):

K _yi = 2 · 0.984808 (y _pi = 5), 0.8660254 (at _pi = 3), K _rev = Σ (K _yi w _ki ) / 3 = 0.9452, y _{pp cf} = _13/3 = 4.333, R ² _d = 23/3 and σ _d% = 4.56, i.e. in comparison with an equal-turn winding (x = 0) in FIG. 1, the value of σ _d% decreases by 5.82 / 4.56 = 1.28 times and K _eff = 1.45.

Note that m '= 6-zone two-layer winding for 2p = 4, z = 18, 6p = 12 groups, q = z / 6p = 1.5, y _p = 4 correspond to the alternation of phase zones in figure 3 with two , single-coil alternating groups, the MDS polygon according to Fig. 4 and the parameters K _rev = 0.9452, σ _d% = 4.56 of the proposed m '= 3-zone winding (one-two-layer) according to the second embodiment with y _pp = y _n = 4.

Thus, the proposed m '= 3-zone winding is characterized by an increased K _rev , reduced σ _d% and more efficient in K _eff ≈1.5 compared to an equal-turn winding; it is simpler m '= 6-zone winding in manufacturability due to half the number (3p) of coil groups.

Claims (2)

1. A three-phase windings of electrical machines with 2p = 4 · s poles, z = 18 · with grooves, performed from 6 × with uniformly spaced concentric coil groups with coils at the middle step of the grooves at _k = 4, c = an integer 1, 2, ... and 2w _{to the} coils of each groove, characterized in that the two-layer band comprise three coils with steps y _pi = 6, 4, 2, and numbers of turns w _k (1 + x) w _k (1-x ) w _k , where x = 0.65. 2. Three-phase winding of electric machines at 2p = 4 · with poles, z = 18 · with grooves, made of 6 · with uniformly shifted coil groups with concentric coils with an average groove pitch of _k = 4, the total number of c = 1, 2, ... and 2w _{to the} coils of each groove, characterized in that the one-group two-layer comprise two coils with steps y _pi = 5, numbers 2 and 3 w turns _to, w _k.

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