RU2272717C2 - Vehicle heat exchange and ventilation device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; heating and ventilation systems.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to heating and ventilation systems of vehicle interiors and cabs. Proposed device contains housing, heat exchanger, centrifugal fan with aerodynamic blades and branch pipe to direct heated air into vehicle saloon. Fan rotates inside housing made in form of guide assembly with shaped vanes being simultaneously fan protection member. Heat exchanger is made on form of flat radiator being secured in housing in cassette-like manner and arranged by one side towards suction side of fan and by other side it communicates with atmosphere of saloon. Design of radiator fasteners in housing makes it possible to install device from either side of inner part of saloon. Blades secured on fan drum over circumference form closed semiblade with extension of lower members. Profiles of blades are made to L/b=0.4-2.0 where L is pitch between profiles, b is profile chord at angle of deflection β=5...60°, angle of attack α to 50°, and parameter of profile in midlength section t≈(1/3)x b, where t is thickness of profile.

EFFECT: improved efficiency of heat exchanger owing to observation of corresponding profile of blades, provision of required amount of transferred air.

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Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to the automotive industry, and can be used for heating and ventilation of cabins and salons of vehicles.

A well-known vehicle interior heater [1], comprising a housing adjacent to it a nozzle with a nozzle and a bottom, which is an extension of the base of the housing, an axial valve in the nozzle, a heat exchanger in the housing behind the nozzles, an opening is made in the nozzle bottom that opens or closes in extreme positions of movement of the damper, and an easily removable gasket for the passage of air past the heat exchanger through the fan into the pipe of the air distributor.

A disadvantage of the known device is the low thermal power, and therefore the efficiency of the entire device, in addition, the design of the centrifugal fan due to non-compliance with the aerodynamic laws of the profile of the blades does not allow to provide the necessary volume of pumping air through the radiator and adjacent inlet and outlet ducts.

A device for heating and ventilation of a vehicle is known, comprising a radiator, an electric fan, inlet and distribution ducts and control valves for the distribution of heated air in the heat exchanger in the form of a radiator. In addition, an additional duct is connected to the main duct for heating and ventilating the hidden cavities of the vehicle [2].

Known heating and ventilation devices are installed on the Volga GAZ-3102 ... 10 cars [3] and VAZ-2108 and other models [4].

Known devices have all the disadvantages inherent in heating systems with separate centrifugal fans with low power, not satisfying the needs of heating cabs and car interiors due to insufficient circulation of air flows, with equalization of the temperature field of these flows, the efficiency and efficiency of these devices are reduced.

The problem to which the invention is directed to a device for heating and ventilation of cabins and salons of vehicles is to increase the efficiency and efficiency of the heat exchanger.

The problem is solved in that the vehicle heat exchange and ventilation device comprises a housing, a heat exchanger, a fan, a pipe for outputting heated air into the vehicle interior. A centrifugal type fan contains blades with an aerodynamic profile mounted on a fan drum around a circle in the form of a closed polycircle rotating inside a guide made of profiled blades closed by a casing in the form of a snail, the guide is attached to the heater body and flange for mounting the electric drive with a fan drum, and the heat exchanger is in the form of a flat radiator, using a cassette method, it is mounted inside the heater body between the air intake from the passenger compartment and the suction end of the fan drum, which allows yaet heater installed along both the one and the other side inside the vehicle.

In figure 1. shows a general view of the heater.

Figure 2. shows a view of the fan drum from the inside.

In figure 3. depicts a poly-wing (triad) diagram.

On the housing 1 (Fig. 1.), bent out of tin, using a cassette method, the flat radiator 2 with the inlet and outlet coolant pipes is screwed. On one (lower) side, the radiator communicates with the atmosphere of the passenger compartment, and on the other hand, with the suction end of the fan drum 5 (Figure 2.) with profile blades 6 placed on the axis of the electric drive 7, mounted on the flange 8 inside the guide 4 with profile blades, around the circle placed and fixed between the heater body 1 and the fan flange 8, closed by a casing 3 in the form of a snail with a window for the withdrawal of heated air from the heater into the passenger compartment.

The blades 6 of the fan are made with an aerodynamic profile [5] and placed according to the principle of a polyplane in a closed circle with the removal of the lower element forward (Figure 3). This allows you to get the dimensions of the profiles of the blades with the most favorable ratios: L / b ≈ 1, while L / b can be in the range of 0.4 ... 2, where L is the step between the profiles; b - profile chord.

(т.е. миделево сечение). Все это вместе взятое обеспечивает наименьшее сопротивление элементов вентилятора проходящего через него потоку воздуха, а это, в свою очередь, уменьшает нагрузку на электропривод и повышает КПД всего устройства, что уменьшает нагрузку на источник электроэнергии автомобиля.With the removal angles β = 5 ° ... 60 ° and the angles of attack α up to 50 ° on the surface of the profiles, there is no flow stall. From the above relations, such profile parameters as its thickness are formed

(i.e. mid-section). All this taken together provides the least resistance of the fan elements of the air flow passing through it, and this, in turn, reduces the load on the electric drive and increases the efficiency of the entire device, which reduces the load on the vehicle’s electric power source.

If the flange with an electric drive, a fan and a guide is placed in the heaters of automobiles of the Volga GAZ-3102 ... 10 type [3] and VAZ-2108 and other modifications, then the efficiency and efficiency of the heater can also be increased.

The proposed heater can be used in bus interiors, then the heater body is attached to the floor under one of the passenger seats.

If the heater is used in cars, the mounting flange with electric drive, drum and guide allows you to mount the fan in the casing of the duct system with a radiator and dampers for controlling the flow of heated air. The proposed device in the best way allows for uniform distribution of temperature throughout the volume of heated air.

The device operates as follows.

To the inlet and outlet pipes of the radiator 2, a liquid coolant is connected from the internal combustion engine cooling system, for example, TOSOL. Turn on the electric fan.

External air through the radiator enters the rotating profile fan blades, placed on the drum in a closed circle in the form of a multi-wing (Figure 3.) with many profiles, and flows around them, and then the heated air is transported through the guide vanes, motionlessly located relative to the casing in the form of a snail with a window for connection, for example with an air distributor through air channels. This creates some excess pressure of the heated air at the exit section of the casing. The higher the speed of the fan drum, the more air flows through the radiator, the faster the air in the cab or passenger compartment heats up.

The duct control system allows you to close 100% of the cabin or passenger compartment volume through the device’s heat exchanger, thereby accelerating the heating of this volume of air.

If the device is used in passenger car interiors, the automatic control of air duct flaps is turned on and the temperature mode for heating the passenger compartment is set.

In buses, the driver controls the on and off of heating.

The device for heating and ventilation of the vehicle allows the engine to operate for a sufficient time in the event of a malfunction of the main engine cooling system. In this case, the air inlet and outlet pipes through the fan communicate with the external (external) atmosphere by means of air flow control dampers.

Information sources

1. Patent RU No. 2092333 C1 B 60 N 1/10 "Car interior heater." Priority 02/13/96 Opub. Bull. No 28 on 10/10/97

2. Copyright certificate (prototype) B 60 N 1/10 SU No. 1791169 A1. Priority 11.03.90, Pub. Bull. No. 20 dated 01/30/93.

3. Catalog of car parts "Volga GAZ-3102". M.: Mechanical Engineering 1985, p.133. Fig. 80.

4. Cars "VAZ-2108". M .: Engineering, 1989, p. 19.

5. O. Wojciech "Airplane with trellised wing". Journal "Engineer" No. 7, 2000, p. 26 ... 29.

Claims (3)

1. The device of heat exchange and ventilation of the vehicle, comprising a housing, a heat exchanger, a centrifugal fan with aerodynamic blades and a nozzle for outputting heated air into the passenger compartment, characterized in that the blades are mounted on the fan drum around the circumference and comprise a closed poly wing with the removal of the lower element, while blade profiles have parameters: L / b = 0.4 ... 2.0, where L is the step between the profiles, b is the profile chord, with the offset angle β = 5 ... 60 °, the angle of attack α up to 50 ° and profile parameter in the mid-section t≈ (1/3) × b, where t is the thickness Profile. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fan rotates inside the housing, made in the form of a guide with profiled blades, which are simultaneously an element of fan protection. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat exchanger in the form of a flat radiator is mounted in the cassette in the casing and placed on one side to the suction side of the fan, and the other side communicates with the atmosphere of the cabin, and mounting the radiator in the casing allows you to install the device on either side of the sides the interior of the cabin.

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