RU2272164C2 - Rotary internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; internal combustion engines.

SUBSTANCE: proposed engine has housing with working chamber accommodating rotor with suction and exhaust channels, and ignition system. According to invention, overflow channels are made in areas of working chamber adjoining spark plugs, around which rings with longitudinal slots are arranged in guide ring slots forming combustion chamber and functional spaces. Spaces are enclosed between end faces of movable rings and generatrix of rotor surface. End face of ring are supported by springs being in constant contact with generatrix of rotor surface.

EFFECT: improved efficiency of engine.

2 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to engine building, namely to rotary internal combustion engines.

A well-known engine with a rotary-epitrochoidal Wankel mechanism, which can be taken as an analogue (E.L. Myschinski et al. “Ship piston external combustion engines.” Shipbuilding, Leningrad, 1976, p. 10). Structurally, the engine includes a housing with a working chamber in the form of a cylindrical epitrochoid. Inside the case, a triangular rotor mounted on an eccentric shaft and performing the functions of a piston performs planetary motion. The rotor tops are in constant contact with the inner surface of the working chamber, forming three separate saddle chambers. These cameras, moving along the working surface of the housing with complex rotational movement of the rotor, periodically change their volume, carrying out the operation of the engine in a four-cycle cycle.

The engine has the following disadvantages.

1. The eccentrically located rotor shaft contributes to intensive wear of the walls of the working chamber due to centrifugal forces. Such an engine requires additional balancing of the rotor.

2. The technology of manufacturing a working chamber made in the form of a cylindrical epitrochoid is becoming more complicated.

3. Worst maintainability. The worn surface of the working chamber cannot be restored.

4. Due to the low torque on the rotor shaft, the motor must be high-speed.

5. Due to the large volume of the combustion chamber, the compression ratio of the fuel is reduced.

Known rotary internal combustion engine, comprising a housing equipped with a working chamber, in which a rotor with suction and exhaust channels, an ignition system (DE 279842 A, publ. 10/29/1914) is located.

The disadvantage of the engine is its low efficiency.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to increase engine efficiency by creating a balanced internal combustion engine, increasing the torque on the engine shaft and achieving a high degree of compression in the combustion chamber.

The problem is achieved in that in a rotary internal combustion engine comprising a housing provided with a working chamber in which a rotor with suction and exhaust channels is located, an ignition system according to the invention in the areas of the working chamber adjacent to the spark plugs, overflow channels are made around which rings with longitudinal grooves are placed in the guide ring grooves, creating a combustion chamber and functional cavities enclosed between the ends of the movable rings and forming the rotor surface, it ends rings propped up by springs and are constantly in contact with the generatrix of the rotor surface.

An additional rotating combustion chamber and functional cavities are formed in the working chamber of the engine. Combustion chambers are formed between the ends of the movable rings located in the annular grooves made in the body of the engine housing and forming the surface of the rotor. In the areas of the working chamber adjacent to the spark plugs, overflow channels are made through which the working mixture or exhaust gases pass from one cavity to another. The ends of the rings (one or both), supported by springs, are in constant contact with the surface of the rotor, creating in the working chamber of the engine in addition to an additional combustion chamber and functional additional chambers (cavities).

The claimed invention is illustrated using the drawings.

Figure 1 presents the described engine;

figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1;

figure 3 presents the layout of the working elements of the engine during the inlet into the cavity And;

figure 4 is the same during the cycle during ignition in the cavity D1;

figure 5 is the same during the stroke;

figure 6 is the same during compression in the cavity A.

In the cylindrical body 1 of the described engine (Fig. 1) there is a working chamber 2, the inner surface of which is provided with flow channels 3, and movable rings 5 are installed in the guide ring grooves 4 of the housing 5. The ring thrust bearings are supported by springs 6 and provided with longitudinal grooves 7 through which the candles ignition 8 ignite the working mixture in the combustion chambers. A rotor 9 is placed in the working chamber, equipped with a suction 10 and 11 exhaust channels, isolated from each other by a partition 12. The working chamber is rotor conditionally divided into cavities A and B. The ends of the rings (one or both) supported by springs are constantly in contact with the generatrix the rotor surface and at certain angles of rotation of the rotor create additional cavities C and D. The tightness of the cavities is provided by the sealing plates (not shown in the drawings).

A rotary internal combustion engine operates as follows.

When the rotor 9 is rotated clockwise (Fig. 3), a vacuum forms in cavity A, and the working mixture enters into it through the suction channel 10. With further rotation of the rotor from the cavity C through the exhaust channel 11, the exhaust gases are brought out. In cavity D, the working mixture is compressed.

When the rotor reaches the position shown in figure 4, the residual exhaust gases from the cavity C through the flow channel 3 pass into the cavity C1. The compressed working mixture from the cavity D through the flow channel passes into the cavity D1. The ignition of the working mixture occurs. Under the pressure of the compressed gas, the rotor continues to rotate in the same direction.

After completing the working stroke (Fig. 5), the cavity D1 with the exhaust gases merges with the cavity B, and the cavity C1 merges with the cavity A, in which the working mixture is located. At the same time, cavities C and D are formed.

With further rotation of the rotor (Fig.6) in the cavity And compression occurs, and from the cavity In the exhaust gases through the exhaust channel 11 are discharged into the atmosphere. The working mixture is sucked into the cavity C through channel 10.

Claims (1)

A rotary internal combustion engine, comprising a housing equipped with a working chamber, in which a rotor with suction and exhaust channels is located, an ignition system, characterized in that in the areas of the working chamber adjacent to the spark plugs, flow channels are made around which circular guiding grooves are arranged rings with longitudinal grooves, creating a combustion chamber and functional cavities enclosed between the ends of the movable rings and the forming surface of the rotor, and the ends of the rings are supported by springs and they are in constant contact with the generatrix of the rotor surface.

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