RU2271056C1 - Combined multichannel revolving adapter - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: microwave engineering; all-round looking radar.

SUBSTANCE: proposed combined multichannel revolving adapter is assembled of central axial revolving adapter, as well as waveguide and coaxial-strip microwave power splitters coiled up around this adapter to form circular apertures and joined through choke connections.

EFFECT: ability of adapter operation in more than one frequency band to provide for circular rotation of all channels.

1 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to microwave technology and can be used in multi-band radar antenna systems.

The designs of axial rotating transitions, including two-channel ones, are widely known, see, for example, (1) - Fig. VI-49, VI-52; (2) - Fig. 9.35.

Also known is a multi-channel rotating joint (3), in which orthogonal polarizations of an electromagnetic wave are used, when it propagates in a circular waveguide for the construction of a three-channel transition.

However, with the number of channels required more than three and operation on several wave ranges, the axial structures of rotating transitions meet fundamental limitations associated with both the operating frequency ranges and the possibilities of constructive separation of the channels.

Also known is the design of an annular rotating joint made on a waveguide with a periodic structure, see for example (4), and also on a microstrip line, see for example (5).

The closest in technical essence is a compact multi-channel rotational connection (6), designed to switch the antenna of the friend-alien identification channel, incorporating a multi-channel switch connected to the antenna and made with power dividers on the air stripe line, a throttle connection, as well as a set ring disks with galvanic connection between the movable and fixed parts.

However, this design does not provide operation on several frequency ranges.

At the same time, in modern radars and especially in radars of all-round visibility, ensuring the rotation of antenna systems by 360 ° and their operation at several frequency ranges is an urgent need.

Thus, the object of the invention is the creation of a combined multi-channel rotating transition, operating on several frequency ranges and providing circular rotation of all channels.

The task is achieved in that the combined multichannel rotating junction is performed from the ring openings of the junction formed by the outputs of equal-amplitude and common-mode waveguide and coaxial-strip dividers arranged around the axis of rotation with equal steps in pairs combined through throttle connections. The throttle connections are made in the form of annular grooves in the divider bodies.

The invention is presented in figures 1-6.

Figure 1 shows the annular part (without an axial rotating junction) of the combined multi-channel rotating junction for the particular case of one coaxial strip and two waveguide channels with waveguide dividers in E and H-planes.

Figure 2 shows a top view of figure 1 with partial cuts in the planes of annular openings.

Figures 3, 4, 5 show a scan to the plane along the average diameter of the waveguide dividers in the E and H planes and for the coaxial strip divider with the number of channels N = 2 ⁿ , where n = 4, 3, 2, respectively (uniform and in-phase division according to the herringbone pattern).

Figure 6 shows a fragment of the design of the annular aperture for the coaxial strip divider. Figure 1 ÷ 6 marked:

1 - axis of rotation;

2 - housing waveguide dividers in the E-plane, rolled around the axis of rotation 1;

3 - the body of the waveguide dividers in the H-plane, rolled around the axis of rotation 1;

4 - housing coaxial strip dividers, rolled around the axis of rotation 1;

5 - input connectors of coaxial strip dividers;

6 - throttle connections in the form of annular grooves in 2, 3, 4;

7 - connection plane of annular openings of dividers;

8 - ring opening for a waveguide divider in the E-plane;

9 - ring opening for a waveguide divider in the H-plane;

10 - ring opening for a coaxial strip divider;

11 - input waveguide for 2;

12 - input waveguide for 3;

13 - a metal plate with which the middle conductor of the lower coaxial strip divider is connected;

14 - line of annular openings 8 (Figure 2) on the scan of the dividers along the cross section of the average diameter d _cp ¹ (Figure 1);

15 - line of annular openings 9 (Figure 2) on the scan of the dividers along the cross section of the average diameter d _cp ² (Figure 1);

16 - metal partitions of the waveguide outputs of the annular openings 9, offset by Λв / 4 from the plane of the connection 7;

17 - the middle conductors of the outputs of the coaxial-strip dividers (Figure 5);

18 - U-shaped metal plates;

19 - metal plates included with a gap in the slot of the plate 18;

20 - the gap Δ between the metal plates 18 and 19 along the average diameter of the annular openings 10 (Figure 2);

21 - line of annular openings 10 (Figure 2) on the scan of the dividers along the cross section of the average diameter d _cp ³ (Figure 1);

22 - dielectric mounting rings of the plates 18 and 19 in the cases of coaxial strip dividers.

The device shown in the drawings consists of cases of equal-amplitude and in-phase waveguide and coaxial-strip dividers 2, 3, 4, rolled up around the axis of rotation 1, the outputs of which form closed ring openings 8, 9, 10.

The annular openings 8, 9, 10 are connected in pairs in their plane 7 through the throttle connections 6, made in the form of annular grooves in the cases of dividers 2, 3, 4.

For waveguide dividers in the H-plane, the metal partitions 16 of the waveguide outputs in the annular openings 9 are displaced by Λв / 4 from the plane of their connection 7.

For coaxial-strip dividers 4, the throttle connection of the middle conductors in the ring openings 10 is made in the form of metal plates 18, 19 located along the average diameter of the ring openings with a step L-Δ, where Δ is the gap between the plates 19. For one of the connected ring openings 10 the plates are made U-shaped 18, into the slot of which there are installed a gap 19 plates belonging to another annular opening 10. These plates are fixed in the housing 4 of the coaxial-strip dividers by dielectric rings 22.

The structural dimensions are determined from the relation: πd _cp = NS,

where - d _cp is the average diameter of the annular aperture;

S is the step;

N is the number of common-mode and equal-amplitude outputs of the dividers forming this ring opening.

The value of step S is defined as:

1) S = (a + t) - for waveguide dividers in the H-plane,

where a is the size of the wide wall of the waveguide output of the dividers on the diameter d _{cp of the} annular aperture,

t is the thickness of the metal partition between adjacent waveguide outputs of the annular aperture;

2) S = (b + t) - for waveguide dividers in the E-plane, where b is the size of the narrow wall of the waveguide output of the dividers on the diameter d _{cp of the} annular aperture;

t is the thickness of the metal partition between adjacent waveguide outputs of the annular aperture;

3) S = L - for coaxial-strip dividers,

where L is the distance along the arc on the average diameter of the annular aperture between the adjacent middle conductors of the coaxial strip divider.

The inventive device operates as follows:

At the input connectors 5 of the coaxial strip divider and at the inputs 11 and 12 of the waveguide dividers, microwave power is supplied, which, due to branching in the dividers, is distributed with equal amplitude and phase along the ring openings (8, 9, 10). Through throttle connections 6, the power of the microwave signals is transmitted to a similar ring opening 8, 9, 10 paired with the first divider, summed and transmitted to its outputs (5, 11, 12). When one of the dividers rotates, the ring openings (8, 9, 10) slide along the connection plane 7. Due to the circular symmetry of the ring openings structure (8, 9, 10) and equal-amplitude and common-mode excitation of the entire ring opening, the microwave power transmission is not disturbed.

останется ортогональным волноводным перегородкам делителя при их взаимном смещении при вращении кольцевого раскрыва, причем каждый выходной волновод раскрыва одного из делителей возбуждается синфазно от двух соседних синфазных волноводов соединенного с ним делителя, с величиной деления, зависящего от величины взаимного смещения волноводов.For waveguide dividers in the E-plane, the field vector

will remain orthogonal to the waveguide baffles of the divider when they are mutually displaced during the rotation of the annular aperture, with each output waveguide of the aperture of one of the dividers being excited in-phase from two adjacent in-phase waveguides of the divider connected to it, with a division value depending on the magnitude of the mutual displacement of the waveguides.

In the case of a waveguide divider in the H-plane, the microwave power is transmitted during rotation due to the transforming property of the intermediate half-wave segment of the ring waveguide, which is structurally formed by the displacement of the waveguide baffles 16 by Λv / 4 from the connection plane 7, and the excitation mechanism of each waveguide of the ring aperture 9 of the divider similar to the previous one, i.e. the in-phase excitation of each waveguide is carried out from two adjacent waveguides connected to the first annular aperture 9, with the division value, depending on the magnitude of the mutual displacement of the waveguides.

In the case of coaxial-strip dividers, microwave power is transmitted during rotation due to the connection of each metal plate 18 (19) with two neighboring 19 (18), excited with equal amplitude and phase by the middle conductors 17, which provides a constant throttle contact of the middle conductors of the coaxial-strip dividers.

The annular grooves in the cases of the dividers 2, 3, 4 form throttle connections 6 to provide electrical short circuit of the microwave currents on the walls of the cases of the dividers.

The number of channels of a multi-channel rotating transition of the proposed design can be increased by adding annular openings operating at different frequency ranges, as well as by using the central part to accommodate the known axial rotating multi-channel transitions.

To perform the claimed device can be used fairly simple manufacturing technology of parts known from the art.

SWR transitions to matched loads during transition from a rectangular section of waveguides to a sector section are configured in the traditional way.

The use of the invention allows for the implementation of multi-channel and multi-band modes of operation of the antenna systems of the radar, in particular for radar circular viewing.

In addition, the relative simplicity of design and configuration provides a sufficiently high manufacturability of the production of a combined multi-channel rotating transition.

References

1. Transmission lines of centimeter waves, trans. from English under the editorship of G.A. Remeza, part II, publishing house “Sov. Radio ", M., - 1951.

2. M.S. Zhuk, Yu.B. Molochkov. Design of lens, scanning, wide-range antennas and feeder devices. "Energy", M., 1973.

3. Multichannel rotating joint pat. USA class 333 / 21A H 01 p 1/06, H 01 p 1/16 No. 3633130, claimed 07.15.70 (publ. 4.01.72).

4. US patent, No. 4427983, Jan. 24, 1984, CL. 333 / 261X.

5. US patent, No. 4516097, May 07, 1985, CL. 333/261.

6. US patent, No. 5233320, Aug.03, 1993, CL. 333/261, H 01 p 1/06.

Claims (1)

Combined multi-channel rotating junction containing waveguide and coaxial-strip microwave power dividers with chokes, characterized in that the outputs of equal-amplitude and common-mode waveguide and coaxial-strip dividers are located around the axis of rotation with equal pitch with the formation of ring openings of the junction, which are pairwise connected in the plane connections through throttle connections made in the divider bodies in the form of annular grooves, with metal partitions between the waves dnymi outs in the ring waveguide for revealing divider in H-plane are offset by

from the plane of their connection, and the middle conductors of the outputs of the coaxial strip dividers are connected to metal plates located uniformly along the average diameters of the annular openings with a gap between each other and made for one of the annular openings U-shaped, into the slot of which plates belonging to another are installed with a gap ring opening, said plate is fixed in the housing of the coaxial strip dividers by dielectric rings.

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