RU2269070C2 - Oil cooler with variable area of cooling surface - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heat exchange, applicable in engine manufacturing.

SUBSTANCE: the oil cooler has branch pipes, thermovalves, fixed and movable tanks and sealing devices. The thermovalves are installed in telescopic tubes and open in succession one after another when the engine oil temperature attains 70-75, 75-80, 80-85, 85-90 C respectively. Variation of the area of the cooler cooling surface occurs under the action of operation of springs and vacuum controller through a system of links, levers and a fixed support depending on rare faction in the intake pipe-line of the fuel system of the internal combustion engine.

EFFECT: simplified construction of the oil cooler, quick control of the heat exchange process and enhance efficiency of it.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a power system and can be used in engine building, and in particular in internal combustion engine lubrication systems.

Known heat exchanger (AS No. 60223, class F 28 D 7/00, publ. 07.06.85), containing chambers for heat transfer and heat transfer media, separated by a composite tube sheet, in which packets of heat pipes are fixed; a bunch of rods installed in the annulus with the ability to move using a drive. In this case, the chamber for the heat-absorbing medium is equipped with an electrocontact pressure gauge installed at the input of the latter, connected through a regulator to the drive for moving the beam of the rods.

The disadvantage of this heat exchanger is the complexity of the design, the high complexity of manufacturing and the impossibility of its use in automotive tractor engines.

Known heat exchanger (AS No. 1101661, class F 28 D 15/00, publ. 07/07/84), containing chambers for heat transfer and heat transfer media, separated by a composite tube sheet with guides, in which a stack of heat pipes with the possibility of axial movement by means of a drive, the chamber for the heat-transfer medium at the outlet is equipped with an electrocontact thermometer connected through a regulator to the drive for moving the package of heat pipes.

The disadvantage of this heat exchanger is the great complexity of manufacturing the design and the need to use an intermediate highly volatile coolant in heat pipes, as well as the impossibility of its use in ICE.

Known heat exchanger (AS No. 932183, class F 28 D 7/08, publ. 05/30/82), containing a heat exchange surface made in the form of a coil with a screen attached to it; the heat exchange surface is divided into sections and equipped with manifold pipes, the sections are interconnected by means of flexible couplers, and the screen is made with longitudinal corrugations.

The disadvantages of this heat exchanger are the large overall dimensions and metal consumption of the structure, as well as the impossibility of its use in the internal combustion engine.

The closest prototype of the invention is an oil cooler (RF patent No. 2149268, F 01 M 5/00, 2000) with an adjustable heat exchange surface area, in the oil circuit of which is placed a mechanism consisting of a spring, a telescopic rod and a piston forming a chamber connected to the exhaust engine manifold through an electromagnetic valve controlled by a thermal relay from an oil temperature sensor. In the liquid circuit of the heat exchanger (connected in parallel to the engine cooling system by means of electromagnetic valves controlled by a thermal relay from the coolant temperature sensor), there are gas circuit tubes communicated by the air intake through the check valve, and with the intake and exhaust manifold through electromagnetic valves controlled by the oil temperature sensor .

The disadvantage of the prototype is the design complexity of the heat exchanger with a variable surface area. A large number of solenoid valves that control the operation of the lubrication system, as well as other elements that reduce the reliability of the system. In addition, the disadvantage is that a pipe-in-pipe type heat exchanger having a limited total heat exchange surface area is used as a heat exchanger with an adjustable surface area.

The purpose of the invention is the development of a simpler in design oil cooler with a variable surface area, the use of which is possible in the internal combustion engine and provides quick regulation of the heat transfer process and increase its efficiency depending on load and speed conditions of the engine.

The essence of the invention is as follows. The oil cooler with a variable area of the cooling surface of the heat exchange contains nozzles, thermal valves, fixed and movable tanks, telescopic tubes and sealing devices. Thermal valves are installed in telescopic tubes and open sequentially one after another when the engine oil reaches a temperature of 70-75, 75-80, 80-85, 85-90 ° C, respectively. The change in the area of the cooled surface of the radiator occurs under the influence of the springs and the vacuum regulator through a system of rods, levers and a fixed support, depending on the vacuum in the intake pipe of the ICE power system.

The oil cooler is a heat exchanger with a variable cooling surface area (see drawing), which includes: pipe 1 for supplying oil to the thermal valve 2, pipe 3 for removing oil from the thermal valve 2, pipe 4 for supplying oil from the thermal valve 2 to the stationary tank 5 of the oil cooler , movable tank 6, telescopic bypass tubes 7, sealing devices 8, thermal valves 9, springs 10 of equal elasticity to provide reciprocating motion of the movable part of the radiator relatively motionless; a drive consisting of a system of rods and levers 11 with the possibility of adjusting their length using nuts 12, a fixed support 13, a vacuum regulator 14 connected to the inlet pipe of the ICE power supply system 15 under the throttle valve 16 through a pipe 17, a temperature sensor 18 installed in the lower bypass telescopic tube 7, thermal relay 19, the electromagnetic valve 20 installed in the pipe 17.

The oil cooler works as follows.

When a cold engine is running, engine oil (MM) through pipe 1 enters the thermal valve 2, which opens when the temperature reaches 70-75 ° C. If the MM has not reached this limit, then it passes through pipe 3 directly to the main oil line (GMM) of the engine, bypassing the radiator. When the MM exceeds the set temperature, it enters through the valve 2 through the pipe 4 to the stationary tank 5. MM, cooling, flows over the upper telescopic tube 7 and enters the movable tank 6. With a further increase in temperature, the MM valves sequentially open 9 located in the telescopic tubes 7 , which are designed respectively for the temperature of MM, lying in the intervals of 75-80, 80-85, 85-90 ° C, respectively, which allows you to effectively cool MM, stepwise changing the area of the cooling surface.

An increase in the load on the internal combustion engine intensifies the heat release process in MM. Moreover, such a step-by-pass MM through telescopic tubes 7 to maintain its optimal temperature may be insufficient. Therefore, there is a need to increase the area of the heat exchanger to remove additional heat from the MM. When MM flows through the lower telescopic tube 7, it acts on the temperature sensor 18, which sends thermoEMF to the thermal relay 19, which includes the electromagnetic valve 20, which opens the pipe 17. When the load on the internal combustion engine increases, the throttle valve 16 opens. As a result, the vacuum in the vacuum housing increases the regulator 14, which through the system of rods and levers 11 and the fixed support 13 is proportional to the generated vacuum, and therefore to the increase in load, increases the heat transfer area of the oil cooler razdvizheniya telescopic tubes 7. With further increase of the load heat exchanger area is increased to its maximum value.

When the load on the internal combustion engine decreases, the throttle valve 16 closes, as a result of which the vacuum in the case of the vacuum regulator 14 decreases and under the action of the springs 10 the heat exchanger reduces its area by changing the length of the telescopic tubes 7. With a further decrease in the load, the area of the heat exchanger decreases to its lowest value.

Claims (1)

An oil cooler with a variable area of the cooling surface of the heat exchange, containing nozzles, thermal valves, characterized in that it contains a fixed and movable tank, telescopic tubes and sealing devices, thermal valves are installed in the telescopic tubes and open one after the other when the engine oil reaches a temperature of 70- 75, 75-80, 80-85, 85-90 ° С, as well as the fact that the change in the area of the cooled surface of the radiator occurs under the influence of the springs and the vacuum regulator rods through a system of levers and a fixed support, depending on the vacuum in intake pipe internal combustion engine supply system.