RU2269059C2 - Underground energy complex - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: generation of electric power by off-standard method in underground mining plants.

SUBSTANCE: proposed underground energy complex includes boiler in whose furnace coal is burnt and turbo-electro-generator package to which superheated steam is delivered from boiler. Turbo-electro-generator package and boiler are located directly in underground working made in rock beyond zone of bed from which coal is burnt. This working is engageable with horizontal working interconnecting two shafts; one shaft which is used for evacuation of gas is provided with heat exchange apparatus connected with water conduit by means of pump; said water conduit runs to reservoir installed on raised area relative to surface with cooling apparatus. Running from cooling apparatus are passages at spaced vertical location in other shaft; they are connected to water receiver by means of water conduit. Water receiver is provided with unit for decomposition of mine water into oxygen and hydrogen by electrolysis method; hydrogen is delivered to boiler furnace with the aid of meter and pipe line.

EFFECT: enhanced efficiency.

1 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to the field of electricity generation in an unconventional way in underground coal mining enterprises.

Known methods for generating electricity from the burning of fossil fuels in power plants located directly or near these sources. The disadvantage of such systems is the low efficiency of fuel combustion.

A method of burning a coal seam from the surface of the earth is used, and chemical elements for industrial and domestic needs are produced from the components of the combustion. Underground technology can provide electrical energy. However, such a process is complex, difficult to manage, disadvantageous due to the very low efficiency of the conversion of thermal energy into electrical energy.

Due to the difficult mining and geological conditions of bedding, modern coal mining technologies are energy-intensive.

Up to 25 ... 35% of electric energy is consumed by a mining enterprise mainly for the issuance of coal from a mine. With the development of coal seams occurring from great depths, energy consumption increases and as a result, enterprises become unprofitable.

Taking into account the transportation of coal to the CHPP, located at a large distance from the coal enterprise, the cost of electric energy increases significantly.

The disadvantages of the known methods from burning coal and subsequent processing of thermal energy into electrical energy can partially be eliminated using the thermal power station described in the source (Baptidanov L.N. et al. "Electric Networks and Stations", Gosenergoizdat, Moscow - Leningrad, 1963, p. .94-97). The disadvantage of a thermal power plant is the inefficient burning of fuel. From 15 to 25% of the fuel does not burn at all and is thrown out with the ash (slag) into the waste.

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency during the combustion of coal in the boiler furnace, generate electricity, provide a centralized, highly effective neutralization of harmful gases generated during combustion, and underground waste disposal.

The above technical result is achieved due to the fact that the underground power complex contains a boiler, in the furnace of which coal is burned, and a turboelectric generating unit, into which superheated steam is supplied from the boiler, characterized in that the turboelectric generating unit and the boiler are located directly in the rock excavation made in the rock outside the formation zone, the coal from which it is burned, while this mine is associated with a horizontal mine, connecting two shafts, in one of which, serving m for gas removal, a heat exchanger is located, connected by a pump with a water conduit that goes to a tank mounted on an elevation relative to the surface, with cooling devices, from which channels are laid with water motors placed in them, which are also placed at intervals in height on another barrel and connected water conduit to the catchment, in which a device is installed for decomposing mine water into oxygen and hydrogen by electrolysis of the mine, with the latter being supplied to the boiler furnace by means of a batcher and piping Yes.

The drawing shows a diagram of an underground power complex, consisting of ventilation shafts 1 and 2, separated from the mine and knocked together by a horizontal fault 3. The fault 3 is looped and mates with an inclined (or vertical) cargo barrel 4 to produce coal to the surface. In the mating place, coal bunkers 31 and ash 28 with reloaders 5 are located. Failure 3 also interfaces with workings in which sorting and crushing units 7, the furnace of boiler 8 and the turbogenerator 9 are located. The furnace of boiler 8 is equipped with a step conveyor 26, which exits through the cooling system in fault 3. In fault 3, conveyors 46 are installed for supplying coal and 6 for removing ash. A bunker 29 with a waste handler 30 is equipped on the cargo barrel 4. The barrel 4 is connected by underground utilities with coal seams and hollow workings 53.

A heat exchanger 10 is located in the barrel 1, which is connected by means of a pump 11 to a water conduit 12 leading to a tank 43 mounted on an elevation relative to the horizontal surface of the earth with cooling devices 13 (cooling towers, heat engines, etc.). Special channels 14 with water-generating units 15 installed in them through cooling water ducts 13 are connected through cooling pipes. Channels 14 and water-generating units 15 are interconnected in the form of cascades with a certain slope above the earth’s surface extending to a natural recess 54. (In the trunk 2, if necessary, have water-generating units 15, which are connected in series with each other by water conduits 56. The final channel 14 with the water-generating unit 15 in the barrel 2 is set to hang by 1.5 ... 2 meters from the level of the underground catchment 16.) A chamber with installation of mine water electrolysis 48 is located in the catchment 16. This chamber is equipped with a system of a forced metering device 49 for supplying a gas component connected via a pipe 51 to the furnace of boiler 8. A water pump 27 is installed in the underground catchment 16, which is connected through a water conduit 57, the electromagnetic valves 25 and 24 are connected to the heat exchanger 10. The pump 27 through the electromagnetic valve 50 is also connected to the chamber 45 (preparation of finely divided combustible coal mass) and subsequently piping from it into the workings of sorting and crushing units 7 and into fault 3 to the ash cooling system.

A fan 18 is installed in the upper part of the barrel 1, which is connected through the channel 17 and the throttle valve 55 to the chambers 19 for neutralizing and disposing of harmful gas components with a pipe 20. At the bottom of the shafts 1 and 2, water collectors 22 and 47 are made. The water collector 47 is equipped with an emergency pumping unit 23, which is connected via a water conduit through electric valves 52, 24, 25 to a heat exchanger 10 and an underground water collector 16. A control system for the underground energy complex is located in building 21.

The underground power complex operates as follows. Coal mined in the lavas, with the help of a skip (stand), rises along an inclined cargo shaft 4 to the place of its conjugation with a horizontal mine 3 and is unloaded into the hopper 31. From the hopper 31 it is conveyed by conveyor 46 to the sorting and crushing units 7, from which the crushed into the chamber 45 of the preparation of finely divided combustible mass. From the chamber 45, the finely dispersed mass is fed into the furnace of the boiler 8, into which, through the device 49, the hydrogen obtained from the electrolysis of mine water at the installation 48 is also supplied from the underground chamber of the sump 16. The finely dispersed coal mass together with hydrogen in the furnace of the boiler 8 forms overheated steam entering the turbogenerator 9 to generate electrical energy.

The ash from the combustion of coal mass is removed from the furnace of the boiler 8 by a stepping conveyor 26. In fault 3, it is cooled by water, which is supplied by a pump 27 from the catchment 16 through a water conduit and an electric valve 50. By pump 27, water from the catchment 16 is also fed into the chamber 45 for preparing finely divided combustible coal masses and to sorting and crushing aggregates 7 for dust suppression.

Cooled ash conveyor 6 is moved to the waste bin 28, then with the help of a reloader 5 it enters the barrel 4 into the hopper 29. Then, the reloader 30 is removed into the waste space 53.

To increase the efficiency of fuel combustion, spent steam with hot rising gases is sent through the barrel 1, where the heat exchanger 10 filled with water is located. The pump 11 through the conduit 12, laid in the barrel 1, delivers the heated water to the surface in the tank 43, cooling devices 13. The selected heat will be used in the future for domestic and industrial needs. Part of the chilled water from the tank 43 is discharged through a conduit to the earth's surface through special channels 14 with water-generating units 15 (additionally generating electric energy) into a natural recess 54. If necessary, part of the water can be discharged through a conduit 56 laid through a ventilation shaft 2 through channels 14 with water-generating units 15 located in them, connected together in series in the form of cascades.

In the lower parts of the trunks 1 and 2 there are reserve water collectors 22 and 47, designed in case of damage to the water pipes laid along the trunks 1 and 2. Due to the pump 23, water from the water collector 47 can be supplied to the heat exchanger 10 and to the underground water collector 16 using electric valves 24, 25, 50, 52 and a water conduit 57.

The exhaust gases through the barrel 1 through the channel 17, the fan 18 fall into the neutralizing compartment 19. Then the cleaned air mixture is discharged through the pipe 20 into the atmosphere. Periodically, from the compartment 19, the disposal of components obtained by the neutralization of exhaust gases is carried out.

All technological operations are managed by a centralized system located in building 21.

The implementation of the energy complex will provide:

- high profitability with a simultaneous increase in efficiency from efficient combustion of coal and hydrogen in the boiler furnace, heat extraction from the heat exchanger used to heat industrial and domestic facilities;

- centralized highly effective neutralization of harmful gases generated during the combustion of coal, and the disposal of derivative components;

- energy saving over 30% of its total consumption.

Claims (1)

An underground energy complex containing a boiler, in the furnace of which coal is burned, and a turboelectric generating unit, into which superheated steam is supplied from the boiler, characterized in that the turboelectric generating unit and boiler are located directly in the mine working done in the rock outside the formation zone, from which coal is burned at the same time, this production is associated with a horizontal production connecting two shafts, in one of which, which serves to exhaust gas, is a heat exchanger connected a pump with a water conduit that goes to a tank mounted on an elevation relative to the surface, with cooling devices, from which channels are laid with water motors placed in them, which are also placed at intervals in height in another barrel and connected to the water collector in which the decomposition device is installed by the method of electrolysis of mine water for oxygen and hydrogen, ensuring the supply of the latter to the boiler furnace by means of a batcher and a pipeline.