RU2268440C1 - Antifriction powdery material - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: antifriction materials.

SUBSTANCE: iron-base antifriction material comprises copper, carbon, nickel and sulfur in the following ratio of components, wt.-%: copper, 0.3-3; carbon, 0.04-3; nickel, 0.1-3; sulfur, 0.2-2. Except for, antifriction powdery material can comprises additionally molybdenum or molybdenum disulfide powder in the amount 0.07-5.0 wt.-%. Proposed material is designated for pave thickening rings, slipping bearing and powder socket in braking leverage transmission in locomotives, cars, tank cars in railway and subway mobile transport. Using sockets made of proposed material reduces sound level, possibility for seizing friction pair materials and provides safety and longevity of the composition in the broad range of loadings and rates.

EFFECT: improved and valuable properties of material.

2 cl

Description

The invention relates to the field of tribotechnical materials science and lubrication of solids, in particular to nodes, parts of machines and mechanisms operating in dry, boundary and fluid friction, designed for mechanical sealing rings, sliding bearings and powder bushings of brake linkage for locomotives, wagons, tanks of rolling stock of railways and subway.

A large number of antifriction metal, including powder, materials based on copper, aluminum, iron, etc. are known. [1, 2, 3].

These materials are operable in friction units or at relatively low temperatures and specific pressures. With increasing temperature or disturbances in liquid friction, their performance deteriorates sharply, which is accompanied by an increase in the coefficient of friction, grasping with the material of the counterbody and the destruction of the friction unit.

Improving the health and tribological properties of friction units can be achieved by using iron-based powder compositions. Materials such as anti-friction, self-lubricating, instead of bronzes, cast iron, low alloy steels, aluminum alloys, are used in powder bushings of brake linkage for locomotives, wagons, tanks and other rolling stock, railways and subways.

In this case, the performance of the bushings should be ensured with:

- specific load from 2500 to 10000 kN / cm ²

- sliding speeds from 0.1 to 4.0 m / s,

- alternating load from 25,000 to 10,000 kN, at a sliding speed of 0.02 m / s,

- coefficient of friction of not more than 0.1.

In the process of developing the present invention, 20 compositions of iron-based powder materials containing up to 30% molybdenum, as well as 5 compositions based on copper powder with up to 30% lead and 10% tin, were investigated.

An object of the present invention is to provide an anti-friction powder material having properties, containing at least or not containing expensive, deficient, toxic components that do not pollute the environment and are not hazardous to public health. The material should also provide non-waste mass production of workpieces and parts.

The solution to these problems - the creation of antifriction powder material on an iron basis - is achieved by choosing the ratio of components such as copper, carbon, nickel, sulfur, with the following ratio of components, wt.%: Copper 0.3-3.0; carbon 0.04-3.0; nickel 0.1-3.0; sulfur 0.5-2.0; iron the rest.

The best results are achieved if the antifriction powder material additionally contains molybdenum or molybdenum disulfide powder in an amount of 0.07-5.0 wt.%.

These ingredients provide stable strength characteristics, wear resistance, a low coefficient of friction, the absence of scoring and setting with the counterbody material in the conditions of boundary lubrication or in the absence thereof both in production and in operating conditions.

The basis of the proposed anti-friction material is iron, which is part of the powders produced by the Russian Federation of grades:

ПЖРВ 2.200.24 ... 30;

ПЖРВ 3.200.24 ... 30;

ПЖРВ 4.200.24 ... 30;

ПЖВ 2.160.24 ... 30,

ПЖВ 3.160.24 ... 30;

ПЖВ 4.160.24 ... 30;

ПЖВ 5.160.24 ... 30;

as well as import production of Hoganes firms - Sweden, Manesmann - Germany and other brands of NC. 100.24, ANC 100.29 and press-ready mixtures.

To ensure stable durable characteristics, tribological properties of antifriction powder material based on iron, both in the process of non-waste mass production and during operation, it contains copper, carbon, nickel, sulfur components, wt.%:

Copper 0.3-3.0

Carbon 0.04-3.0

Nickel 0.1-3.0

Sulfur 0.2-2.0

In addition, the material further comprises a powder of molybdenum or molybdenum disulfide (MOS ₂ ) in an amount of 0.07-5 wt.%.

To obtain iron-based powder antifriction material, use:

- copper powder, reconstituted and atomized grades PMS-1, PMS-2, PMR, PMR-1, PMA, PMS-K, PMS-N;

- graphite powder of grades GK-1, GK-2, GK-3;

- nickel powder of the PNK-OT1, PNK-OT2, PNK-UTZ, PNE-1 brands;

- ground sulfur powder;

- molybdenum powder;

- molybdenum disulfide powder of grades DMI-1, DMI-7;

- molybdenum concentrate grades KMF-1, KMF-2, KMF-3, KMF-4, KMF-5.

The resulting mixture is pressed at ambient temperature and pressure from 4 to 7 t / cm ² . Briquettes are loaded into a furnace with a protective atmosphere and a temperature of 1000 ... 1200 ° C.

The above ratio of components and the manufacturing process of powder parts from antifriction material on an iron basis with the introduction of copper, carbon, nickel, sulfur, molybdenum or molybdenum disulfide allows to obtain a temporary tensile strength of the material at least 196 MPa (20 kg / mm ² ), hardness not less than 90 HB, porosity not more than 20%, with a microstructure - perlite, sulfides, graphite and pores (ferrite is allowed up to 40%, cementite up to 15%).

The microstructure of the material and its mechanical properties ensure the performance of parts (brake linkage bushings for locomotives, cars, tanks and other rolling stock of railways and subways) under conditions of self-lubrication under:

- specific loads from 2500 to 10000 kN / cm ²

- sliding speeds from 0.01 to 4.0 m / s

- alternating loads from 25,000 to 100,000 kN at a sliding speed of 0.02 m / s.

Moreover, the coefficient of friction does not exceed 0.08.

The use of powder sleeves reduces the noise level, the possibility of setting materials of a friction pair and ensures the reliability and durability of the composition in a wide range of loads and speeds.

Information sources

1. Shpagin A.I. Antifriction alloys. M., Metallurgizdat, 1956.

2. N.M. Rudnitsky. Materials of motor bearings. M., Mechanical Engineering, 1965.

3. N.A. Boucher. Bearing alloys for rolling stock. M., Transport, 1967.

Claims (2)

1. Antifriction powder material based on iron, characterized in that it contains copper, carbon, nickel, sulfur in the following ratio of components, wt.%: Copper 0.3-3 Carbon 0.04-3 Nickel 0.1-3 Sulfur 0.2-2 Iron Rest 2. The antifriction powder material according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a powder of molybdenum or molybdenum disulfide in an amount of 0.07-5.0 wt.%.