RU2268116C1 - Adjustable gear shaper - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine engineering, manufacture of gear shaping tools.

SUBSTANCE: gear shaper with restored thickness of tooth includes two parts coaxially mounted with possibility of rotation. Two sectional washers with inner diameter equal to mounting diameter of parts are coaxially arranged between said parts. Said washers are stuck to new non-worn portions at matching axes of teeth. One washer has locking eccentric pin with dial rolled-in to it with possibility of rotation; it enters radial groove of other washer. Said pin is designed for relative rotation of parts after each regrinding by angle set with use of dial and determined according to given formula.

EFFECT: enhanced stability of parameters of profiles of shaped gear wheels, improved accuracy of mounting gear shaper, increased strength and useful life period of it due to separate cutting and gradual adjusting of mutual rotation angle of gear shaper parts.

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Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to the production of a gear processing tool.

Known dolbyak, to restore the original thickness of the teeth of which after regrinding along the front surface, one part of the dolby is rotated relative to the other. When processing a gear wheel, parts of the cutter are protected from mutual rotation by corrugations on the base surfaces. According to the same corrugations, both parts of the dolbyak are based relative to each other. Such basing cannot provide high precision tools [1].

The disadvantages of the known design of the cutter are the low accuracy of the installation of its parts, as well as the inability to use standard cutters without modification, which complicates and increases the cost of manufacturing tools and machined wheels.

Known dolbyak, consisting of two coaxially mounted parts with the possibility of their mutual rotation at fixed angles, moreover, on each of the parts are slotted grooves, the circumferential step of which on each part is made constant and different from the step on the other part, and the difference of the circumferential steps is determined by the above dependencies [2].

The disadvantages of the known design of the dolbyak are the complex and expensive refinement of the standard tool in order to obtain spline grooves with very accurate circumferential steps, with inaccurate manufacture of which there is no way to adjust them, hence the low accuracy of installation of its parts.

The objective of the invention is to increase the stability of the parameters of the profiles of the cut gears, improve the accuracy of the installation of the cutter, increase the durability and resource of the tool due to the implementation of the separate cutting scheme and smooth adjustment of the angle of mutual rotation of the parts.

The problem is solved using the proposed complete cutter with a restored tooth thickness, consisting of two coaxially mounted parts with the possibility of rotation by a certain angle, and between the parts two split washers are placed coaxially with an inner diameter equal to the mounting diameter of the parts, one of which is rolled with the possibility of of rotation of the eccentric pin-retainer with a limb, which enters the radial groove made in another washer, while the washers adhere to the new worn parts if they coincide the axes of the teeth, and after each regrinding, the parts are rotated by an angle α _in , determined by the formula:

where ΔS _o is the value of reducing the thickness of the teeth of the tool by the dividing diameter after regrinding;

d _o - dividing the diameter of the cutter,

in addition, the angle α _{in is} set along the limb belonging to the locking pin.

Design features of an adjustable complete cutter are illustrated by drawings. Figure 1 shows a prefabricated complete cutter, a longitudinal section; figure 2 - element a in figure 1; figure 3 is a section bB in figure 2; figure 4 - section bb in figure 2; figure 5 is a section GG in figure 2; in Fig.6 is a view of D in Fig.1; Fig.7 is a kinematic diagram of hollowing with a complete cutter by the method of rolling.

The proposed adjustable complete cutter has the ability to restore the thickness of the tooth, which decreases with regrinding along the front surface and adversely affects the accuracy and stability of the cut gears.

A complete cutter consists of two coaxially mounted upper 1 and lower 2 parts, which are standard disk cutters, taken, for example, according to GOST 9323-79.

In order to quickly dismantle the complete cutter and regrind each part 1 and 2, two split washers 3 and 4 with an inner diameter equal to the landing diameter of the parts are coaxially installed between them.

Parts 1 and 2 have the ability to smoothly rotate relative to each other at the required angles.

An eccentric pin-retainer 5 (see figure 2) is rolled into one of the washers, for example, the upper 3, which has three steps: the upper 6, the middle 7, which serves as a limb for counting the angle of rotation of parts 1 and 2 relative to each other, and the lower 8, eccentrically located with an eccentricity e relative to the upper stage 6. In the middle part 7 there is a chamfer 9, in which the expanded metal of the washer 3 is located, which does not allow the pin-retainer 5 to fall out of the washer 3 and fix it.

The magnitude of the eccentricity e is determined by the maximum total value ∑ΔS _{o of} reducing the thickness of the teeth of the tool by dividing the diameter after complete wear and all regrinding parts 1 and 2.

The lower part 8 of the locking pin is included in the radial groove 10 made in the lower washer 4. The length of the groove 10 is determined by the doubled amount of eccentricity e and the size of the lower part 8 of the locking pin.

Washers 3 and 4 are glued to new unworn parts when the axes O ₁ and O _{2 of the} teeth coincide outside the machine on the mandrel (for example, a spindle cylindrical mandrel GOST 19667-74), the outer diameter of which is equal to the landing diameter of the cutters. To exclude accidental gluing of cutters 1 and 2 and washers 3 and 4 to the surface of the mandrel, it is pre-lubricated with machine oil. When installed on the mandrel, the pin 5 of the washer 3 with its lower part 8 should enter the groove 10 of the washer 4, after which the whole set is pre-tightened by the mandrel nut (not shown). Before the bonding of the surfaces to be glued, it is necessary to use the indicator fixed in the indicator magnetic stand to achieve the required relative position of the axes O ₁ and O _{2 of the} teeth of the cutters of the set, setting the mandrel in the center, and then finally pressing the set with the nut and allow the glue to dry. For better bonding in washers 3 and 4 on the side adjacent to the cutters 1 and 2, blind grooves 11 are made in which glue flows and hardens to form spikes. After the glue has dried, parts of the kit are removed from the mandrel and mounted on the landing neck of the ram 12 of the gear shaping machine and fixed with a screw 13. Epoxy resin, UP-5-207 glue, polyurethane class adhesives, etc. can be used as glue.

After each regrinding, a mutual rotation of the parts with washers is made at an angle α _in , determined by the formula:

where ΔS _o is the value of reducing the thickness of the teeth of the tool by the dividing diameter after regrinding;

d _o - dividing the diameter of the cutter.

The angle α _{in is} established by turning the dial 7, which belongs to the pin-retainer 5, and is counted at the mark 14 and the scale 15.

Thus, an adjustable complete cutter consists of two parts 1 and 2, separated by washers 3 and 4. The teeth of each of parts 1 and 2 have one working side of the profile - the opposite side of the tooth profile may be inoperative. This allows you to give the lateral cutting edge of the teeth of each of the parts the rear angles of the desired size, regardless of the geometric parameters of the cutting edge of the opposite side of the tooth profile.

When working with a new complete cutter, parts 1 and 2 are installed on the ram 12 of the gear-cutting machine without offset relative to each other, mark 14 against the “0” scale 15. After regrinding the cutter, parts 1 and 2 are set with an offset by an angle α _in , which ensures compensation for changes in width teeth of a dolbyak after regrinding. As regrinding, the limb is smoothly rotated by a certain angle α _in and parts 1 and 2 will be parted in opposite directions according to the angle α _in , and after each adjustment, the limb is fixed by chasing.

The adjustable complete cutter is made of two parts, each of which is a standard cutter, the geometrical parameters of which at the side cutting edges are far from rational values (according to cutting conditions), the durability and life of such a tool will be increased.

This is achieved as follows. The separation of the cut allowance between the teeth of different parts reduces the number of chip flows encountered, and this significantly increases the tool life. Compensation of the width of the teeth of the cutter as regrinding is carried out by mutual rotation of its parts relative to each other at a certain angle. After blunting the cutter parts 1 and 2 can be interchanged. At the same time, their rotation relative to each other is directed in the opposite direction and until the grinding of the dolbyak, you can work on the unworn opposite sides of the teeth. In a complete cutter, parts 1 and 2 are based on each other at the end - this increases the accuracy of basing in comparison with basing on corrugations. Smooth adjustment of the angle of rotation of the parts relative to each other allows you to economically consume the resource of the production of a complete cutter compared to step regulation, while increasing the accuracy of the tool.

The use of partially worked out and regrind with different degrees of wear of the cutters as the lower and upper parts also indicates the economic efficiency of the proposed adjustable complete cutter.

This adjustable tool can be used on gear shaping machines, commercially available from industry, for gear processing of single-gear 16 and especially multi-gear gears using universal with a manual clamp 17, and special with automated fixing devices. The use of an adjustable complete cutter allows you to increase economic efficiency, accuracy and stability of the parameters of the cut teeth. A set of washers with a pin-latch is used repeatedly after the resource of work of the next upper and lower parts of the complete cutter is exhausted.

Information sources

1. Lashnev S.I. etc. Calculation and design of metal-cutting tools using computers. M .: Mechanical Engineering, 1975, p.139.

2. A.S. USSR 1039657, MKI B 23 F 21/10. Dolbyak. S.P. Radzevich. 3408079, 03.16.82; 09/07/83. Bull. No. 33 is a prototype.

Claims (1)

A complete cutter with a restored tooth thickness, consisting of two coaxially mounted parts with the possibility of rotation, characterized in that two split washers are placed coaxially between the parts with an internal diameter equal to the bore diameter of the parts, glued to new unworn parts when the tooth axes coincide, in one of of which an eccentric pin-retainer with a limb is inserted that can be rotated and can be inserted into a radial groove made in another washer and designed for mutual rotation of the parts after each points at an angle α _B , set by its limb and determined by the formula α _B = 360 · ΔS ₀ / (π · d ₀ ), where ΔS ₀ is the value of reducing the thickness of the teeth of the tool by the dividing diameter after regrinding; d ₀ - dividing the diameter of the cutter.

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