RU226770U1 - Hybrid fiberglass composite shaft - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a shaft design made of a composite fiberglass hybrid material. A shaft made of a composite hybrid fiberglass material is proposed, including a shaft hub head, a right tenon, a left tenon, a support collar, a keyway, and the shaft is made of a composite material containing a fiberglass base in the form of a fiber, impregnated with epoxy resin, by cutting a cylindrical blank into dimensional cutting and deforming them by hot stamping of the support collar and hub head with a keyway for fastening, while the fiberglass base of the shaft in the form of a fiber, impregnated with epoxy resin, is made with the addition of quartz powder, previously evenly mixed in the resin. The technical result is an increase in surface strength, which reduces the wear resistance of the shaft due to the use of the rigidity of hybrid epoxy composites. 1 ill.

Description

Technical field

The utility model relates to the design of a shaft made of a composite fiberglass hybrid material. Composite mechanical transmissions offer enormous advantages in terms of material density for products that are in demand in aerospace engineering.

State of the art

A known device is a drive shaft made of fibrous composite materials of varying rigidity (patent RU 2122663, MPK F16C 27/00, Published: November 27, 1998), forming coaxially arranged layers, characterized in that the inner layer is made of a material with a rigidity greater than the rigidity of the outer layer material , the fibers in the inner layer are located at an angle of ± (0-10) ^o to the generatrix, in the outer layer - at an angle of ± (40-50) ^o to the generatrix, while the characteristics of the inner and outer layers are determined by the relation

where G ₁ , G ₂ , τ ₂ , τ ₁ are shear moduli and permissible stresses during interlayer shear of the materials of the corresponding layers;

d ₁ , d ₂ - outer diameters of the inner and outer layers.

The disadvantages of the known device are the low stability of the shaft with a lack of rigidity, having hybrid epoxy composites.

The closest known device is a flexible shaft made of composite material (patent RU 2146019, IPC F16C 1/00. Published: 02.27.2000 Bulletin No. 6), which includes a flexible shaft made of composite material formed by winding elements wound in a spiral with crossing turns, formed at least one tape, rigidly connected at the places where the turns cross each other with the possibility of forming a mesh structure of the shaft with discretely located unidirectional turns.

The disadvantage of the closest device is the low stability of the shaft with a lack of rigidity, having hybrid epoxy composites.

Disclosure of utility model

The technical result is an increase in surface strength, which reduces the wear resistance of the shaft, due to the use of the rigidity of hybrid epoxy composites.

This technical result is achieved in a shaft device made of a composite hybrid fiberglass material, including a shaft hub head, a right tenon, a left tenon, a support collar, a keyway, and the shaft is made of a composite material containing a fiberglass base in the form of a fiber, impregnated with epoxy resin, by cutting a cylindrical workpiece into measured sections and deforming them by hot stamping of the support collar and hub head with a keyway for fastening, while the fiberglass base of the shaft in the form of a fiber, impregnated with epoxy resin, is made with the addition of quartz powder, previously evenly mixed in the resin.

Distinctive features are:

the shaft is made of a composite material containing a fiberglass base in the form of a fiber, impregnated with epoxy resin, by cutting a cylindrical blank into measured sections and deforming them by hot stamping of the support collar and hub head with a keyway for fastening, while the fiberglass base of the shaft is in the form of a fiber, impregnated with epoxy resin, made with the addition of quartz powder, the design of the device from such a material increases the surface strength, which reduces the wear resistance of the shaft, due to the use of the rigidity of epoxy composites, by combining fiberglass fibers with quartz powder;

preliminary uniform mixing of quartz powder in epoxy resin allows increasing the strength and wear resistance of the shaft due to the rigidity of hybrid epoxy composites [3-4].

A comparison of the proposed solution with analogues and a prototype did not allow us to identify in them the features that distinguish the proposed solution; this allows us to conclude that it meets the “novelty” criterion.

Brief description of the figure

The figure shows a frontal view of a shaft made of composite fiberglass material,

including: 1 – hub shaft head; 2 – right spike; 3 – left spike; 4 – support collar; 5 – keyway; 6 - chamfer.

Implementation of a utility model

The main raw material for the production of fiberglass shafts is fiberglass. In addition, to make a composite shaft you need: resin; ethanol; acetone; dicyandiamide; quartz powder obtained from quartz chips by grinding them in an AGO-2S planetary ball mill and sifting the fraction to 94 microns. The technology for producing a composite blank for a shaft is as follows.

The roving threads from a special creel device enter the tension mechanism, in which they are arranged in the appropriate order. The threads arranged in the required order go through the stage of drying and preheating with hot air. The heated roving is immersed in an impregnation bath with resin, pre-mixed with quartz powder. The use of such material increases surface strength, which reduces the wear resistance of the shaft, a structural element of a mechanical transmission by improving the rigidity of epoxy composites by combining fiberglass fibers with quartz powder. A continuous composite rod is passed through a drawing mechanism, at the exit of which the rod is cut according to the specified shaft size. After the impregnation bath, the material is pulled through dies to obtain a given area and shape in the cross-section of the workpiece for the shaft. The profiling die can be made, for example, in the form of a split steel structure, consisting of two rectangles with a half-figure milled and grooved along the length of each part, which, when closed, form a surface in the form of a circle corresponding to the area of the target device, equal to the area of the given workpiece for the shaft .

When producing a composite shaft, a three-position automatic press is used. Hot stamping of the shaft blank is carried out in three positions of technological transitions. At the first stamping operation, the workpiece is calibrated and the formation of the support flange 4 and the hub head 1 of the shaft begins. In the second stamping operation, the formation of the right tenon 2, the left tenon 3 begins, and the formation of the groove 5 for the key begins. In the third stamping operation, the formation of the keyway 5 is completed, and the chamfer 6 is removed.

The prepared shaft is fed into a tunnel oven designed to accelerate the polymerization process of impregnating resins. The hot shaft is sent into a cooling bath, where it is completely cooled under running water. The cooled shaft on the turning and milling machine undergoes calibration of the hub head 1 of the shaft, the right tenon 2, the left tenon 3 and the groove 5 for the key.

The uniaxial compressive strength of quartz is on average 280 MPa [5], this increases the surface stability of the shaft.

The main parameter is the load that a mechanical transmission in the form of a shaft can withstand to improve surface strength and wear resistance by improving the stiffness of epoxy hybrid composites combining fiberglass fibers with quartz powder.

Information sources:

1. Patent RU 2480650 MPK F16H 55/17. Published: 04/27/2013 Bulletin. No. 12;

2. Patent SU 766877, IPC B29D 15/00. Published: 09/30/1980 Bulletin. No. 36;

3. Hybrid effect of basalt fibers and basalt powder on the thermomechanical properties of epoxy composites. Composites Part B: Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 125, 2017, pp. 157-164;

4. Gavrilov M.A. Production technology and chemical and biological resistance of epoxy composites based on production waste. dis. Ph.D. tech. Sciences, Krasnoyarsk: KSTU, 1997, p. 278 p. 128,133-134.

5. Fundamentals of rock physics, geomechanics and rock mass control. Portsevsky A.K., Katkov G.A. UMO stamp (No. 51-73 dated June 28, 2004) Registered with the Federal Agency for Education (No. 5374 dated November 16, 2005), 120 p. With. 21.

Claims (1)

A shaft made of a composite hybrid fiberglass material, including a shaft hub head, a right tenon, a left tenon, a support collar, a keyway, wherein the shaft is made of a composite material containing a fiberglass base in the form of a fiber, impregnated with epoxy resin, by cutting a cylindrical blank into measured pieces and deforming them by hot volumetric stamping of the support collar and hub head with a keyway for fastening, while the fiberglass base of the shaft in the form of a fiber, impregnated with epoxy resin, is made with the addition of quartz powder, previously uniformly mixed in the resin.