RU2266758C2 - Respiratory exerciser - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine, in particular, exercising of respiratory organs in moderate hypoxia and hypercapnia mode with adjustable resistance to inhalation and expiration.

SUBSTANCE: respiratory exerciser has cylindrical mixing chamber with narrowed upper part, respiratory pipe connected to cylindrical mixing chamber, and bottom with perforations provided in its peripheral portion. Bottom of cylindrical chamber is made doubled. Members of porous material having predetermined density are located within bottom cavity. Central part of bottom is equipped with channel provided within cylindrical chamber and communicating with atmosphere. Inhalation indicator provided within channel is made in the form of movable piston member. Respiratory pipe is equipped with acoustic expiration indicator made in the form of unidirectional resonance whistle. Bottom inner cavity may be provided with additional replaceable loading inserts formed as film disks with openings having predetermined area and flexible loop attached to upper part of cylindrical chamber and having adjustable length.

EFFECT: reduced restrictions in orientation and fixing of exerciser position during usage and provision for indicating quality of expiration cycle.

3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of health and can be used to train breathing in the mode of moderate hypoxia and hypercapnia with adjustable resistance to inhalation and exhalation.

The breathing simulator is designed for biological simulation of respiratory loads similarly to those that arise in the process of performing recreational physical exercises: running, swimming, gymnastics, skiing, etc.

The main training components of the respiratory systems are:

- short active breath ending with a short pause;

- uniform, prolonged, but with effort, exhale;

- the presence of moderate oxygen depletion in the respiratory mixture (hypoxia) with a high content of carbon dioxide (hypercapnia).

The wide and, in general, very successful practice of recent years on the use of well-known breathing simulators allows one to reasonably determine the rational limits of the magnitude of respiratory loads during their biological imitation. In particular, physiologically comfortable is the resistance in the inspiratory-expiratory cycle of the order of 25-35 mm water column. Permissible training load is considered to be a load with an upper limit of 150-200 mm water column. The necessary and sufficient level of rational load, providing a good training effect, is characterized by a resistance to the “inhale-exhale” cycle of about 35-100 mm water column. (see, for example, RU 98100020, RU 2129885).

Within these limits are the technical parameters of the best known breathing simulators, as well as the inventive simulator.

The training effect of the simulator is created by two factors: the formation in the mixing chamber of a moderately increased concentration of carbon dioxide in combination with a reduced oxygen content and the creation of a metered resistance to inhalation and exhalation.

Learning the proper use of breathing simulators causes certain difficulties, especially in children.

The famous "Respiratory simulator V.F. Frolova "(patent RU 2129885 C1, A 61 M 16/00, 10.27.99), containing coaxially located inner and outer mixing chambers and a breathing tube connected to the narrowed upper part of the inner chamber. On the bottom of the outer chamber, open radial channels are made on the inner side, which together with the lower end of the inner chamber form openings for air passage. The lower portion of the annular gap between the chambers is filled with water, which provides resistance to inspiration and expiration.

The reasons that impede the achievement of the technical result indicated below when using a well-known breathing simulator include the need for its stationary installation and the difficulty of operation, especially at the beginning of training.

Known inhaler simulator (patent RU 21440298 C1, A 61 M 16/00, 10.27.99), containing a vessel with a liquid, a mixing chamber with a perforated bottom and a breathing tube, coaxially installed with a gap inside it. The fluid in the vessel provides resistance to inhale and exhale.

The reasons that impede the achievement of the technical result indicated below when using the well-known breathing simulator include the need for its stationary, and strictly vertical, installation and the complexity of operation, especially at the beginning of training.

Known breathing simulator (patent RU 2124369 C1, A 61 M 16/00, 01/10/99), containing a breathing tube of elastic material with two sections - distal and proximal, equipped at their ends respectively with a reflector screen and mouthpiece. Holes in the form of slots are made on the side surface of the breathing tube to create resistance on inspiration and expiration. The simulator is equipped with a loop of flexible material to hold it on the user's neck.

The reasons that impede the achievement of the technical result indicated below when using a well-known breathing simulator include the inability to create moderate hypoxia and hypercapnia and the inability to adjust the resistance to inspiration and exhalation.

Known essentially being a respiratory simulator "Inhaler Frolova" (patent SU 1790417 A3, A 61 M 15/02, 01/23/93), which, in combination with the essential features, is the closest analogue of the claimed respiratory simulator.

The known device contains an external mixing chamber, inside which there is a gap relative to the walls and the bottom of the internal mixing chamber, made in the form of a cylindrical closed vessel with perforations in the peripheral portions of the bottom immersed in the liquid poured into the outer chamber. An opening is made in the cover of the outer chamber, in which a breathing tube is connected with a gap connected to the narrowed upper part of the inner mixing chamber. The hole for the breathing tube in the lid of the outer chamber is also a hole for the movement of air during inhalation and exhalation.

In the mixing chambers, the chemical composition of the inhaled air mixture is corrected by mixing atmospheric air and air exhaled in the previous cycle, which has a high content of carbon dioxide and a low oxygen content. The fluid in the outer chamber creates increased resistance to inhalation and exhalation.

The reasons that impede the achievement of the technical result indicated below when using a well-known breathing simulator include the need for its stationary installation and the difficulty of operation, especially at the beginning of training.

The task to which the invention is directed is the development of a breathing simulator with great ease of use and providing control over the correct execution of the elements of the respiratory cycle.

The technical result achieved by the implementation of the claimed invention is to remove restrictions on the orientation and fixing the position of the simulator during use, as well as providing the ability to indicate the quality of the elements of the respiratory cycle.

The specified technical result during the implementation of the invention is achieved by the fact that in the inventive breathing simulator, including a cylindrical mixing chamber with a narrowed upper part, a breathing tube connected to it and a bottom with perforations in the peripheral section, in contrast to the known simulator, the camera bottom is double, and an annular filter made of porous material of a given density is placed in its inner cavity, the central portion of the bottom being provided with a communication with the atmosphere and placed in the chamber, a channel with an inspiration indicator made in the form of a movable piston element, while the breathing tube is equipped with a sound expiratory uniformity indicator made in the form of a one-way resonant whistle.

The specified technical result during the implementation of the invention is also achieved by the fact that the inner cavity of the bottom is equipped with additional removable load liners made in the form of film disks with holes of a given area, as well as the fact that the simulator is equipped with a loop of flexible material fixed to the upper part of the chamber.

Figure 1 shows the inventive breathing simulator, figure 2 shows a set of film load liners.

In the inventive breathing simulator, the cylindrical mixing chamber 1 has a narrowed upper part 2, to which the breathing tube 3 is attached, and a removable bottom 4 in the form of two mating glasses 5 and 6 with perforations 7 and 8 at the peripheral sections of their ends. A pipe 9 located inside the chamber 1 is attached to the central part of the bottom 4, at the end of the channel 10 there is a plug in the form of a movable piston element 11, which is an indicator of inspiration. In the cavity 12, between the ends of the glasses 5 and 6, an annular filter 13 of porous material of a given density is placed and a film disk 14 with holes 15 can be placed. At the end of the breathing tube 3 there is a one-way resonant whistle 16 (for example, a Hartmann whistle). To the narrowed part 2 of the chamber 1 is attached a loop 17 in the form of a cord, the ends of which are fastened with a stopper 18.

The inventive breathing simulator operates as follows.

The user, while breathing in through the breathing tube 3, creates a rarefaction of air in the chamber 1, the set value of which is fixed by the inspiratory indicator - lifting and hovering in the upper position of its piston element 11, emitting an audible signal (click). When exhaling, the resonant whistle 16, under the influence of a certain air flow passing through it, starts to make a whistle, the presence and unchanging tone of which indicates uniform expiration. At the next breath in the mixing chamber 1, the chemical composition of the inhaled air mixture is corrected by mixing atmospheric air and the air exhaled in the previous cycle, thereby increasing the carbon dioxide content in the gas mixture and a moderate decrease in oxygen content. The set resistance to inhalation and exhalation is provided by the filter 13 and replaceable film disks 14 with various openings 15.

The loop 17, adjustable in length, attached to the simulator, allows the simulator to be fixed on the user's neck, making it possible to use the simulator in motion.

The values of the parameters of the respiratory cycle can be set:

- for inspiration - the mass of the piston element 11;

- for exhalation, the frequency of the sound signal emitted by the micro-whistle 16;

- for the composition of the inhaled mixture - the volume of the mixing chamber.

Thus, it can be seen that the above information confirms the possibility of implementing the claimed invention, achieving the specified technical result and solving the problem.

Claims (3)

1. A breathing simulator comprising a cylindrical mixing chamber with a narrowed upper part, a breathing tube connected to it and a bottom with perforations in the peripheral section, characterized in that the bottom of the chamber is double, and an annular filter of porous material of a given density is placed in its inner cavity moreover, the central portion of the bottom is equipped with a channel in communication with the atmosphere, a channel with an inspiratory indicator made in the form of a movable piston element, with respiratory ubka equipped with a sound indicator of exhalation, made in the form of resonance whistle unilateral action. 2. The simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the internal cavity of the bottom is equipped with additional removable load liners, made in the form of film disks with holes of a given area. 3. The simulator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is equipped with a loop of flexible material fixed to the upper part of the chamber.

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