RU2266238C2 - Flapping-wing vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: aviation.

SUBSTANCE: proposed flapping-wing vehicle has case 2, two wings 7 and engine 1; each wing 7 is provided with valves fitted on axles for oscillations and is connected with case 2 by means of hinge 8 whose axis is parallel to horizontal axis of symmetry of flapping-wing vehicle. Oscillating valves are oriented during flapping of both wings 7 in one direction and axes of oscillations of valves are located orthogonally relative to axis of hinge 8 of respective wing for imparting horizontal velocity to case 2.

EFFECT: enhanced efficiency.

4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to flapping aircraft.

Known motor ornithopter A.S. No. 119075, B 64 C 33/00, 1958, which is equipped with wings that reduce their area when flapping up and increase when swinging down due to elastic elements that move up during the swing and move apart during the swing.

Disadvantage: in practice, with such a wing design, flying is extremely difficult, because under cyclic bends and loads during flaps, the flexible elements of the wing may collapse.

The closest analogue, adopted as a prototype, is the "Flying Machine", US patent No. 1550829, 64 C 33/02, from 1925, which is equipped with two wings with valves, opening when flapping up and closing with a swing down, the platform , on the outer ends of which the axis of vibration of the wings are parallel and pivotally mounted, and the axis of vibration of the valves, in turn, are parallel to the axis of vibration of the wings. The valve bodies are directed from the axis of oscillation of the valves toward the axis of oscillation of each of the wings, i.e. to the outer ends of the platform. To give the wings oscillatory movements on the platform, an engine is installed for each wing with a crank device pivotally connected to each wing individually.

The kinematic scheme is such that the outer ends of the wings are pivotally connected to the outer edges of the platform, and the flapping ends of the wings are above the platform.

Disadvantage: the layout of the "flying machine" is not practical, because wings are located above the platform (body of the device), with which they are pivotally connected; oscillations of the wings from two engines (engine for each wing) is unacceptable, because oscillations of wings with different frequencies (and this can happen with two engines, moreover, the author allows this) the apparatus may tip over. The most significant design flaw is that the “Flying Machine” cannot fly, it can only be lifted vertically and cannot fly horizontally, due to the fact that the axis of vibration of the valves of each wing are parallel to the axis of vibration of the wings, and the axis of vibration of the wings parallel to the axis of symmetry of the apparatus. As a result, the horizontal components of the reactive forces, with a swing up of each wing, are individually directed towards each other (which leads to mutual compensation of these forces) and are orthogonal to the axis of symmetry of the apparatus.

The result was a closed platform system, two wings with horizontal components of reactive forces acting along the same line, but opposite in direction.

The author of "Flying Car" himself admitted that it is designed for lifting and hovering, and for horizontal flight an additional traction propeller is needed.

The problem to which this invention is directed, is to create such a wing device that will ensure the flywheel (apparatus) to move in space both vertically and horizontally.

To achieve a technical result in a mahogany containing a body, two wings and an engine, each wing is made with valves mounted on the axles with the possibility of oscillation, and is connected to the body by means of a hinge, the axis of which is parallel to the horizontal axis of symmetry of the mahogany, as well as oscillating valves at the wings of both wings are oriented in the same direction, the axis of oscillation of the valves is located orthogonal to the axis of the hinge of the corresponding wing to give the flywheel horizontal speed.

When the wing moves downward with a swing, the valves are closed, resulting in a lifting force, which is provided in the prototype.

For horizontal flight, the axis of oscillation of the valves in the wings are located orthogonally to the horizontal axis of symmetry of the mahogany and the axes of vibration of the wings. This arrangement of the axes of oscillation of the valves is necessary to obtain horizontal thrust with the wing swing upwards, during which the valves are open under the pressure of the air mass and the air passing through the half-open windows of the valves and striking the oblique body of the valve is discarded in a direction parallel to the horizontal axis of symmetry of the apparatus, as a result, the total reactive force of all wing valves arises, which is equal in magnitude to the mass of air thrown away by the valves, but opposite in direction.

Thus, each wing creates a horizontal thrust parallel to the horizontal axis of symmetry of the apparatus and directed in one direction, i.e. conditions are created for horizontal movement of the apparatus in space.

Signs that distinguish the proposed Makholet from the prototype closest to it are the location of the wings from the sides of the body of the device, one engine and the axis of oscillation of the valves in the wings are located orthogonal to the horizontal axis of symmetry of the device, which provides the necessary conditions for horizontal flight.

Figure 1 shows the "Makholet" with wings raised upward, dashed lines indicate the limits of oscillation of the wings.

Figure 2 shows the "Makholet" in the plan.

Figure 3 and figure 4 shows a partial section of the wing, which shows the position of the valves with the wings of the wing down and with the wings of the wing up.

The “makholet” according to the schematic image contains an engine 1 mounted in a housing 2 with an intermediate shaft 3, kinematically connected to the main shaft 4, at the ends of which there are flywheels 5, which are articulated and eccentrically connected by means of connecting rods 6 to wings 7, and wings 7, by hinges 8 are connected to the housing 2.

Figure 2 shows the "Makholet" in the plan, where it can be seen that the wing frame consists of two supporting spars 9, rigidly interconnected by ribs 10 through which the wire ties 11 pass, the upper row of which is the axis of the valves 12, at the same time the hinge part of the valves 12 is the stops of the previous valves 12 with the wing swing down, and the lower row of ties 11 is the stops for open valves 12 with the wing swing up (Figs. 3 and 4), and to give the wing the necessary stiffness with the wings of the wing 7 is equipped with two pairs stretch marks 13 (figure 1) located above rkhu and the bottom of the wing.

Figure 3 shows a section of a wing 7 in a section and a large arrow shows the direction of movement of the wing and the position of the valves 12, which are closed in this position, i.e. the wing moves down.

Figure 4 shows a part of the wing 7 in the context and a large arrow to the right shows the direction of movement of the wing 7, i.e. up, and the position of the valves 12, which are open at a certain angle, due to the installation of the stops 11, which are also ties. Small arrows show how air, passing through the open windows of the valves 12, changes its direction of movement.

In statics, the wing valves are open because they are not spring-loaded.

Claims (1)

Makholet, containing a body, two wings and an engine, each wing is made with valves mounted on the axles with the possibility of oscillations, and is connected to the body by means of a hinge, the axis of which is parallel to the horizontal axis of symmetry of the plane, characterized in that the oscillating valves are oriented with the wings of both wings in one direction, and the axis of oscillation of the valves are located orthogonal to the axis of the hinge of the corresponding wing to give the hull horizontal speed.

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