RU2266139C2 - Distributive layer with improved transfer of liquid into retention layer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: sanitary and hygienic facilities.

SUBSTANCE: invention provides fibrous layer containing purified mixture of tied-up cellulose fibers and free cellulose fibers. In an embodiment of invention, layer contains about 85 wt% tied-up fibers and 15 wt% free fibers. Absorbing structure contains distributive layer and liquid-retention layer. Invention further discloses personal-hygiene absorbent articles containing distributive layer.

EFFECT: achieved benefits due to strength and softness of distributive layer.

17 cl, 22 dwg, 4 tbl

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The present invention relates to a cellulosic fiber layer for distributing the obtained liquid into a retaining layer into which liquid can pass from the distribution layer.

BACKGROUND

Absorbent personal care products, such as baby diapers, adult incontinence products, and feminine hygiene products, may include fluid acquisition and / or distribution layers, which serve to quickly receive and subsequently distribute the resulting fluid into a holding layer for retention. To achieve rapid production and distribution, these layers often contain cellulosic fibers. These layers may contain crosslinked cellulose fibers to give bulk and elasticity to the layer and wood pulp fibers to increase the spread of fluid in the layer and facilitate the distribution of fluid throughout the layer and, ultimately, to another layer, such as a retaining layer that communicates with the distribution layer for the passage of fluid. However, despite advances in this area, there is a need for a more efficient liquid distribution layer that efficiently distributes and transfers the resulting liquid to an accompanying retaining layer. The present invention addresses these needs and provides further related benefits.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In one aspect, the present invention provides a fibrous layer that comprises a refined blend of crosslinked cellulosic fibers and uncrosslinked cellulosic fibers. In one embodiment, the layer contains about 85% by weight of crosslinked fibers and about 15% by weight of uncrosslinked fibers.

In yet another aspect of the invention, an absorbent structure is provided that comprises a liquid distribution layer and a liquid retention layer. The distribution layer contains a refined mixture of crosslinked cellulosic fibers and uncrosslinked cellulosic fibers.

In other aspects, the invention provides absorbent personal care products that comprise a distribution layer and methods for manufacturing the distribution layer.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The above aspects and related advantages of the present invention will be more readily appreciated and better understood with reference to the following detailed description taken together with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a diagram of a typical two-wire forming device and method for manufacturing a typical layer of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a diagram of a typical two-wire forming device and method for manufacturing a typical layer of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a graph of propagation time, dry tensile strength, and free-bearing stiffness for a typical layer of the present invention;

4 is a graph comparing liquid transfer for three representative layers of the present invention into a retaining layer as a function of time;

Figure 5 is a histogram comparing the time it took to receive the fourth dose of liquid in absorbent structures: control training underwear, control underwear and a typical layer of the present invention; control linen with a retaining layer; control linen, a typical layer of the present invention and a retaining layer;

6 is a histogram comparing the total volume of liquid before leakage from absorbent structures: control training underwear; control linen and a typical layer of the present invention; control linen with a retaining layer; control linen, a typical layer of the present invention and a retaining layer;

7 illustrates the distribution of fluid in training underwear: control training underwear; control sheets and a typical layer of the present invention having a base weight of about 90 g / m ² ; control sheets and a typical layer of the present invention having a base weight of about 180 g / m ² ;

8 illustrates the distribution of fluid in training underwear: control training underwear; control underwear with a retaining layer; a control sheet, a retaining layer and a typical layer of the present invention having a base weight of about 90 g / m ² ; a control sheet, a retaining layer and a typical layer of the present invention having a base weight of about 180 g / m ² ;

Fig.9 is a histogram comparing the speed of obtaining the third dose of liquid absorbent structures: control training underwear; control linen and a typical layer of the present invention; control linen with a retaining layer; control linen, a typical layer of the present invention and a retaining layer;

Figure 10 is a graph comparing production rates as a function of fluid dose number for absorbent structures: control training underwear; control linen and a typical layer of the present invention; control linen with a retaining layer; control linen, a typical layer of the present invention and a retaining layer;

11 is a histogram comparing the fourth dose of liquid to moisten absorbent structures: control training underwear, control underwear and a typical layer of the present invention; control linen with a retaining layer; control linen, a typical layer of the present invention and a retaining layer;

12 A-C are cross-sectional views of parts of typical absorbent structures that comprise a distribution layer of the present invention;

13 A-D are cross-sectional views of parts of typical absorbent articles that comprise a distribution layer of the present invention;

On Fig a-F summarized values of the rate of absorption of liquid typical distribution layers of the present invention;

On Fig summarized changes in the rate of absorption of liquid typical distribution layers of the present invention;

On Fig a-E summarized values of the transfer of fluid into the retaining layer of the typical distribution layers of the present invention;

17 A-E summarize fluid transfer values into the retaining layer by typical distribution layers of the present invention;

FIG. 18 A-C summarizes fluid transfer values into the retaining layer by typical distribution layers of the present invention;

Fig. 19 is a graph showing the rate of absorption of liquid by the distribution layer as a function of base mass;

FIG. 20 is a graph showing transfer volumes of typical distribution layers of the present invention; FIG.

Fig is a graph showing the transfer rate as a function of time for typical distribution layers of the present invention;

FIG. 22 is a graph showing the effect of the flow height on the transfer rate of volumes by typical distribution layers of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE PRESENT INVENTION

In one aspect, the present invention provides a cellulosic fibrous layer that distributes and transfers the liquid produced by this layer to a retaining layer into which liquid can pass from the first layer. The cellulosic fiber layer of the present invention is a distribution layer that can be incorporated into absorbent personal care products, such as baby diapers, adult incontinence products, or feminine hygiene items, among others. In absorbent personal care products, the distribution layer may be used in combination with one or more other layers. Other layers may be, for example, a retaining layer for receiving and retaining liquid transferred from the distribution layer, or a retaining layer and a receiving layer.

The distribution layer of the present invention contains cellulosic fibers. The cellulosic fibers may be wood pulp fibers. In one embodiment, the layer comprises a combination of crosslinked cellulosic fibers and uncrosslinked cellulosic fibers.

Crosslinked cellulosic fibers of the distribution layer impart volume and elasticity to the layer and create a generally open structure for the distribution of liquid for the layer. Suitable crosslinked cellulosic fibers are cellulosic fibers with chemical cross-linking between the fibers, which are described below. The layer contains cross-linked cellulose fibers in a volume of from about 50 to about 90% by weight of the total weight of the fibers in the layer. In one embodiment, the layer contains crosslinked cellulosic fibers in a volume of from about 75 to about 90% by weight of the total weight of the fibers in the layer. In yet another embodiment, the layer contains about 85% by weight of crosslinked cellulose fibers of the total weight of the fibers in the layer. The layer may contain refined crosslinked fibers. The layer may contain a refined mixture of crosslinked and non-crosslinked fibers.

The uncrosslinked fibers of the distribution layer increase the ability of the layer to receive flowing fluid. Suitable uncrosslinked cellulosic fibers are wood pulp fibers capable of receiving a flowing liquid, which are described below. The layer contains uncrosslinked cellulose fibers in a volume of from about 10 to about 50% by weight of the total weight of the fibers in the layer. In one embodiment, the layer contains uncrosslinked cellulosic fibers in a volume of from about 10 to about 25% by weight of the total weight of the fibers in the layer. In yet another embodiment, the layer contains uncrosslinked cellulosic fibers in an amount of about 15% by weight of the total weight of the fibers in the layer. Non-crosslinked fibers can be softwood pulp fibers (e.g. southern pine fibers) and hardwood pulp fibers (e.g. Westvaco fibers or eucalyptus fibers).

In one embodiment, the layer comprises southern pine cellulose fibers sold by the Weyerhaeuser Company under the brand name NB416. In yet another embodiment, the layer comprises southern pine cellulose fibers that have been ennobled. In yet another embodiment, the layer comprises eucalyptus cellulose fibers. In yet another embodiment, the layer comprises a mixture of southern pine and eucalyptus fibers. In yet another embodiment, the layer comprises a mixture of eucalyptus fibers and enriched southern pine fibers. In yet another embodiment, the layer comprises a refined blend of southern pine and eucalyptus fibers.

For embodiments that contain mixtures of southern pine and eucalyptus fibers, the ratio of southern pine to eucalyptus fibers can range from about 0.5 to about 1.0, or from about 1.0 to about 0.5. In one embodiment, the layer contains about 8% by weight of eucalyptus fibers and about 7% by weight of southern pine fibers, as well as about 85% by weight of crosslinked fibers of the total fiber weight in the layer. In yet another embodiment, the layer contains about 8% by weight of eucalyptus fibers, about 7% by weight of refined southern pine fibers and about 85% by weight of crosslinked fibers of the total fiber weight in the layer. In yet another embodiment, the layer comprises a refined blend of eucalyptus and southern pine fibers, the layer containing about 8% by weight of eucalyptus fibers, about 7% by weight of southern pine fibers and about 85% by weight of crosslinked fibers of the total fiber weight in the layer. In yet another embodiment, the layer comprises a refined mixture of fibers of eucalyptus, southern pine and cross-linked fibers, wherein the layer contains about 8% by weight of eucalyptus fibers, about 7% by weight of southern pine fibers and about 85% by weight of cross-linked fibers, based on the total fiber weight layer.

In one embodiment, the distribution layer contains about 85% by weight of crosslinked fibers, about 5-15% by weight of refined southern pine fibers having a standard Canadian degree of milling of about 500, and 0-10% by weight of southern pine fibers. In one embodiment, crosslinked fibers, enriched southern pine fibers, and southern pine fibers are enriched as a mixture prior to layer formation.

In yet another embodiment, the distribution layer contains about 85% by weight of crosslinked fibers, about 3-5% by weight of hardwood pulp fibers, and about 10-12% by weight of southern pine fibers. In one embodiment, crosslinked fibers, hardwood pulp fibers, and southern pine fibers are treated as a mixture prior to layer formation.

In one embodiment, the distribution layer has a base weight in the range of about 20-200 g / m ² . In yet another embodiment, the distribution layer has a base weight in the range of about 50-180 g / m ² . The distribution layer has a density in the range of about 0.1-0.2 g / cm.

The characteristics of the four typical distribution layers are summarized in tables 1 and 2 below. In Tables 1 and 2, the non-softened layer A contains a refined mixture of crosslinked fibers (85% by weight of crosslinked polyacrylic acid fibers) and southern pine fibers (15% by weight of refined fibers with Canadian standard grade 500); the non-softened layer B contains a refined mixture of crosslinked fibers (80% by weight of crosslinked polyacrylic acid fibers) and southern pine fibers (20% by weight of refined fibers with Canadian standard grade 500); the non-softened layer C contains a refined mixture of crosslinked fibers (85% by weight of crosslinked fibers of dimethyldihydroxyethylene urea (DMeDHEM) sold by Weyerhaeuser Co. under the brand name NHB 416 and southern pine fibers (15% by weight of refined fibers with Canadian standard milling degree ); and the softened (embossed) layer D contains a refined mixture of crosslinked fibers (85% by weight of crosslinked DMeDHEM fibers) and southern pine fibers (15% by weight of refined fibers with Canadian standard degree of grinding 500). softening point "refers to a layer which is not subjected to machining, for example calendering, embossing or tenderizing. The data presented in Table 1 were prepared by using an automatic porosimeter TRI.

Table 1 Characteristics of typical distribution layers Layer Ring breaking stiffness test (g) NM, PN Gurley stiffness, sgu / mm Max. geometric mean tensile strength (g / cm) The ratio of SDD: PSD SDD PSD Joint venture Surface tension (dyne / cm) A 3405 1137,562 858.0 1.81: 1 24.2 13,4 10.0 65.5 IN 1500 650,266 763.5 1.72: 1 22.1 12.9 9.5 69.6 FROM 1500 623,390 725.5 1.91: 1 29.0 15,2 9.2 66.8 D 900 351,163 546.5 1.98: 1 28.5 14,4 8.1 66.8 table 2 Characteristics of typical distribution layers Layer The average base weight during distribution (g / m ² ) The average base weight after drying (g / m ² ) Flow time up to 15 cm (seconds) Flow height after 15 min (cm) Flow volume at 15 cm after 15 min (g / g) HM, PN tensile strength (g / cm) NM, PN elongation (%) A 88 0.114 174 21.8 8.6 1020,696 2.6, 5.6 IN 52 0.117 291 19.8 7.3 952,575 2.4, 4.1 FROM 53 0,126 277 19.2 7.7 899,552 2.7, 3.8 D 53 0.165 326 18.6 7.5 651,442 2.8, 5.1

In addition to cellulosic fibers, the distribution layer may contain a wet strength agent. Suitable wet strength agents are described below. A wet strength agent is present in the layer in an amount of about 5-20 pounds per ton of fiber. In one embodiment, the wet strength agent is a polyamide-epichlorohydrin resin present in the layer in an amount of about 10 pounds per ton of fiber.

As noted above, the distribution layer of the present invention contains crosslinked cellulosic fibers. Any one of a number of crosslinking agents and crosslinking catalysts, if necessary, can be used to ensure the presence of crosslinked fibers in the layer. The following is a typical list of useful crosslinking agents and catalysts. Each of the patents mentioned below is clearly included in the description by reference in its entirety.

Suitable urea-based crosslinking agents are substituted urea such as methylol carbamides, cyclic methyl carbamides, cyclic methyl lower carbamides, cyclic methyl dihydroxycarbamides, cyclic dihydroscicarbamides and cyclic substituted lower alkyl carbamides. Specifically, urea-based crosslinking agents are dimethyldihydroxyurea (DMDHM, 1,3-dimethyl-4,5-dihydroxy-2-imidazolidinone), dimethyldihydroxyethylene urea (DMDHEM, 1,3-dihydroxymethyl-4,5-dihydroxy) dimethylol urea (DMM, bis [N-hydroxymethyl] urea), dihydroxyethylene urea (DHEM, 4,5-dihydroxy-2-imidazolidinone), dimethylolethylene urea (DMEM, 1,3-dihydroxymethyl-2-imidazido-diidene-diidene-diidene-diidene-diidene-diidene-diidene-diidene-diidene-diidene-diidene-diidene-diidene-didene-diidene-diidene-diidene-diidene-diidene-di-di-ethylene diidene-didene-di-di-ethylene diidene , 5-dihydroxy-1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone).

Suitable crosslinking agents are dialdehydes such as C ₂ -C ₈ dialdehydes (e.g. glyoxal), C ₂ -C ₈ dialdehyde acid analogues having at least one aldehyde group, and the oligomers of these aldehyde and dialdehyde acid analogues described in the patents US No. 4.822.453; 4,888,093; 4,889,595; 4,889,596; 4,889,597 and 4,898,642. Other suitable dialdehyde crosslinking agents are those described in US Pat. Nos. 4,853,086; 4,900,324 and 5,843,061.

Other suitable crosslinking agents are aldehyde and urea-formaldehyde additives. See, for example, US Pat. Nos. 3,224,926; 3,241,533; 3,932,209; 4,035,147; 3,756,913; 4,689,118; 4,822,453; 3,440,135; 4,935,022; 3,819,470 and 3,658,613.

Suitable crosslinking agents are glyoxal urea adducts, for example, US Pat. No. 4,968,774, and glyoxal / cyclic urea adducts described in US Pat. Nos. 4,285,690; 4,332,586; 4,396,391; 4,455,416 and 4,505,712.

Other suitable crosslinking agents are crosslinking agents of carboxylic acids, such as polycarboxylic acids. Crosslinking agents of polycarboxylic acids (for example, acetic acid, propanetricarboxylic acid and butanetetracarboxylic acid) and catalysts are described in US patent No. 3,526,048; 4,820,307; 4,936,865; 4,975,209 and 5,221,285. The use of C ₂ -C ₉ polycarboxylic acids, which contain at least three carboxyl groups (for example, acetic acid and oxidisuccinic acid), as crosslinking agents is described in US Pat. Nos. 5,137,537; 5,183,707; 5,190,563% 5,562,740 and 5,873,979.

Polymeric polycarboxylic acids are also suitable crosslinking agents. Suitable polymeric polycarboxylic acids as crosslinking agents are described in US Pat. Nos. 4,391,878; 4,420,368; 4,431,481; 5,049,235; 5,160,789; 5,442,899; 5,698,074; 5,496,476; 5,496,477; 5,728,771; 5,705,475 and 5,981,739. Polyacrylic acids and the corresponding copolymers as crosslinking agents are described in US patents Nos. 5,549,791 and 5,998,511. Crosslinking agents of polymaleic acid are described in US Pat. No. 5,998,511.

Particularly suitable crosslinking agents of polycarboxylic acids are acetic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, citraconic acid, itaconic acid, tartrate monosuccinic acid, maleic acid, polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, polymaleinopolymerymethylene polymer, copolymethylene methyl polymer acrylic acid copolymers and maleic acid copolymers.

Other suitable crosslinking agents are described in US Pat. Nos. 5,225,047; 5,366,591; 5,556,976 and 5,536,369.

Suitable catalysts may include acid salts such as ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, aluminum chloride, magnesium chloride, magnesium nitrate and alkali metal salts of phosphoric acids. In one embodiment, the crosslinking catalyst is sodium hypophosphite.

Mixtures of crosslinking agents and catalysts may also be used.

A crosslinking agent is added to the cellulosic fibers in an amount sufficient to form cross-links between the fibers. The amount added to the cellulosic fibers can vary from about 1 to 10% by weight of the total weight of the fibers. In one embodiment, a crosslinking agent is added in an amount of from about 4 to about 6% by weight of the total fiber weight.

In addition to crosslinked fibers, the distribution layer of the present invention also contains uncrosslinked cellulose fibers. Suitable cellulosic fibers are those known to those skilled in the art and are any fibers or a mixture of fibers from which a fibrous web or sheet can be formed.

Although they can be obtained from other sources, cellulose fibers are obtained mainly from wood pulp. Suitable wood pulp fibers for use in the present invention can be obtained from known chemical processes, such as processes for producing kraft pulp and sulphite pulp, followed by or without bleaching. Cellulose fibers can also be processed by thermomechanical, chemical-thermomechanical methods, or combinations thereof. Preferred cellulose fiber is obtained by chemical methods. Pulp fibers, recycled fibers, or recycled fiber pulps and bleached or unbleached pulps can be used. Detailed information on the selection of wood pulp fibers is well known to those skilled in the art. These fibers are commercially available from a number of companies, including the Weyerhaeuser Company, the assignee of the present invention. For example, suitable southern pine cellulose fibers that can be used in the present invention are marketed by Weyerhaeuser Company under the brands CF416, NF405, PL416, FR516 and NB416.

Wood pulp fibers that can be used in the present invention can also be processed before use. This pretreatment may be physical processing, for example steaming the fibers, or chemical treatment. Also, during pretreatment, antibacterial agents, pigments, dyes and density increasing or decreasing agents can be added to the fibers. Fibers treated with other chemicals, such as thermoplastic and heat shrink resins, can also be used. Combinations of pretreatment methods may also be used. The treatment can also be carried out after the formation of the fibrous product in the post-treatment processes, examples of which are the addition of surfactants or other liquids that modify the chemical properties of the surface of the fibers, and the introduction of antibacterial agents, pigments, dyes and agents to increase or decrease the density.

The distribution layer may optionally contain a wet strength agent. Suitable wet strength improvers are: modified starch having nitrogen-containing groups (eg, amino groups), such as those offered by National Starch and Chemical Corp., Bridgewater, NJ; latex; wet strength resins such as polyamide-epichlorohydrin resin (e.g. KYMENE 557LX, Hercules, Inc., Wilmington, Delaware) and polyacrylamide resin (see, for example, US Pat. No. 3,556,932, as well as commercially available polyacrylamide from American Cyanamid Co., Stanford, Connecticut, under the trade name PAREZ 631 NC), urea-formaldehyde and melamine-formaldehyde resins and polyethyleneimine resins. A general discussion of wet strength resins used in the pulp and paper industry and generally applicable to the present invention can be found in the TAPPI series of monographs No. 29 "Wet tensile strength of paper and paperboard, Pulp and Paper Industry Technical Association (New York, 1965).

In yet another aspect of the present invention, methods are provided for forming a distribution layer. Typical distribution layers may be formed using conventional paper machines, including, for example, Rotoformer, Fourdrinier, Delta forming machines and double wire machines.

The layer may be molded by devices and methods that include the configuration of two wires (i.e., double forming wires). Typical molding methods applicable to molding the distribution layer of the present invention are described in PCT / US99 / 05997 (Method for forming corrugated composite material) and PCT / US99 / 27625 (Mesh absorbent composite material), each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. fullness. A typical two-wire layer forming machine is shown in FIG. With reference to FIG. 1, machine 200 comprises dual forming wires 202 and 204 onto which layer components are deposited. Basically, a liquid solution of cellulose 124 is introduced into the feeder 212 and deposited on the forming wires 202 and 204 at the outlet of the feeder. The vacuum elements 206 and 208 dehydrate the fibrous liquid mass deposited on the wires 202 and 204, respectively, to obtain a partially dehydrated web that leaves the machine with two wires as a partially dehydrated web 126. The web 126 continues to pass through the wire 202 and continues to be dehydrated additional vacuum elements 210 to obtain a wet composite material 120, which is then dried by drying means 216 to obtain a layer 10.

In one embodiment, the composite is molded by wet laying using the above components. The wet styling method may be carried out on a Delta inclined wire forming machine. In yet another embodiment, the composite is molded by a foam molding process using the above components. Wet styling and foam molding methods can be carried out on a two-wire forming machine.

A typical method for forming a distribution layer of the present invention includes the following steps:

(a) preparing a liquid solution of cellulose fibers in an aqueous dispersion medium; for a method using foam, the cellulose liquid solution is a foam that contains, in addition to fibers, a surfactant;

(b) the movement of the first perforated element (for example, a forming wire) in the first direction;

(c) the movement of the second perforated element in the second direction;

(d) passing the first portion of the liquid solution into contact with the first perforated element moving in the first direction;

(e) passing a second portion of the liquid solution into contact with the second perforated element moving in the second direction; and

(e) forming a fibrous web from a liquid solution by removing liquid from the solution through the first and second perforated elements.

As noted above, the foam molding method can be carried out on a two-wire forming machine, preferably a vertical machine, and even more preferably on a two-wire vertical flow machine. In a vertical forming machine, the paths of the perforated elements are essentially vertical.

A typical vertical downdraft molding machine with two wires that can be used to practice the present invention is shown in FIG. 2. With reference to FIG. 2, the forming machine comprises a vertical forming device assembly having a closed first end (upper), closed first and second sides, and an inner space. The second end (lower) of the forming device is determined by the moving first and second perforated elements, 202 and 204, and the forming gap 213. The inner space defined by the closed first end, closed by the first and second sides and the first and second perforated elements of the forming machine, contains an internal structure 230 extending from the first end of the forming device to the second end. This internal structure defines a first volume 232 on one side thereof and a second volume 234 on its other side. The molding machine further comprises a feeder 242 and means 243 for introducing a first portion of the fiber / foam solution into the first volume, a feeder 244 and means 245 for introducing a second portion of the fiber / foam solution into the second volume, and a feeder 246 and means 247 for introducing the third material (e.g., first or second portion of fibers / foam) into the internal structure. Means for removing liquid / foam (for example, suction boxes 206 and 208) from the first and second portions of the solution through the perforated elements for forming the web are also included in the unit of the forming device.

In this method, a two-wire molding machine comprises means for introducing at least a third material (for example, a first or second portion of a fiber / foam solution) through an internal structure. The first and second portions of the fiber / foam solution may contain the same components (for example, cross-linked cellulose fibers, southern pine fibers, eucalyptus fibers) and have the same composition.

Depending on the properties of the composite being formed, the first and second portions of the fiber / foam solution may be the same or different, and the same as or different from the third material.

Means for removing liquid / foam from the first and second portions of the solution through the perforated elements for forming the web on the perforated elements are also included in the unit of the forming device. Liquid / foam removers can be any means conventionally used for this purpose, such as suction rolls, load rolls, or other conventional designs. In a preferred embodiment, the first and second nodes of the suction boxes are provided, which are mounted on opposite sides of the internal structure from the perforated elements (symbols 206 and 208 in FIGS. 1 and 2).

The distribution layer of the present invention has advantages in strength (e.g., structural integrity) and softness. In addition to elasticity and softness, suitable for absorbent personal care products, the composite materials of the present invention have advantages in structural integrity. Tensile strength may indicate structural integrity. Suitable layers have a tensile strength greater than about 10 N / 50 mm.

Suitable layers have a tensile strength in the machine direction (HM) of more than about 205 mN and a tensile strength in the transverse direction (ST) of more than about 260 mN. The tensile strength of typical distribution layers of the present invention was determined according to ASTM Method # P-326-5. By this method, tensile strength was measured in the direction of the machine and in the transverse direction of 10 samples of typical layers (1-3 in Table 1 below). Layer 1 contained 85% by weight of crosslinked fibers, 8% by weight of eucalyptus fibers and 7% by weight of southern pine fibers. Layer 2 contained 85% by weight of crosslinked fibers, 8% by weight of eucalyptus fibers, and 7% by weight of refined southern pine fibers. Layer 3 contained 85% by weight of crosslinked fibers, 8% by weight of hardwood fibers (Westvaco) and 7% by weight of refined southern pine fibers. The average, maximum, minimum values of tensile strength, as well as the difference between them (in mN) are summarized in table 3.

Table 3 Tensile strength of typical distribution layers Layer Average Maximum Minimum Difference 1 (NM) 242.2 284.4 215.7 68.6 1 (MON) 322.6 362.8 304.0 58.8 2 (NM) 419.7 431.5 402.1 29.4 2 (MON) 531.5 559.0 490.3 68.6 3 (NM) 388.3 431.5 362.8 68.6 3 (MON) 514.8 588.4 460.9 127.5

Samples of suitable layers have a surface tension greater than about 50 dyne / cm. A method for determining the surface tension of cellulose samples is described below.

Suitable layers have a softness measured by a ring breaking stiffness test method of less than about 1200 g.

The distribution layer of the present invention has advantages in fluid properties. These properties can be determined in various ways, including the rate of fluid production, re-wetting, flowing, the pressure of desorption at the midpoint, the pressure at the midpoint and absorption at the midpoint.

The layer has a desorption pressure at the midpoint (TDS) of more than 20 cm. In one embodiment, the layer has a TDS of more than about 30 cm. In yet another embodiment, the layer has a TDS of more than about 40 cm.

The layer has a mid-point pressure (PSD) of less than about 25 cm. In one embodiment, the layer has a PSD of less than about 20 cm.

The layer has a midpoint absorption value greater than about 5 g / g.

A description of the method for determining SDD, SDP and SP is given in the publication "Liquid Porosimetry: New Methodology and Applications", B. Miller and I. Tomkin, Journal of Colloid Interface Science, 162: 163-170, 1994, incorporated herein by reference in its fullness.

The fluid transfer rate was determined by soaking a strip of a typical distribution layer (10 cm wide) with synthetic urine. The impregnation layer was allowed to drain for 3 minutes on a control device. The control device on which the layer sample was placed had a horizontal surface adjacent to a surface having a slope of 60 °. A sample of the distribution layer was laid on the horizontal and inclined sections of the device, with one end thereof being lowered into a container containing a known amount of synthetic urine. The horizontal surface was 11 cm above the lower edge of the sloping surface. A receiving layer (eg, a retaining layer, a 10 × 10 cm sample) was placed on top of a distribution layer on a horizontal surface. A load (704 g, 10 × 10 cm, developing a pressure of 0.10 psi) was placed on top of the receiving layer. The receiving layer absorbed liquid for 20 minutes at a pressure of 15 cm. The amount of liquid transferred from the container was measured, and the transfer rate was calculated.

The layer of the present invention provides a transfer rate of greater than zero at a wicking height of 11 cm when it is introduced as a distribution layer into a commercially available baby diaper (diaper).

Other physical and performance characteristics of typical distribution layers of the present invention (layers 4-8) are summarized in table 4 below. Layer 4 contained 85% by weight of crosslinked fibers, 8% by weight of eucalyptus fibers and 7% by weight of southern pine fibers. Layers 5-8 were obtained from layer 4 by softening under different conditions (4, 12, 16 and 17, respectively), as indicated in table 4 below. Layer 5 was softened by applying a pressure of 35 bar with a cold calender; layer 6 was softened by applying a pressure of 35 bar with a cold calender and 2 bar in the direction of the machine; layer 7 was softened by applying a pressure of 35 bar with a cold calender and embossing the upper and lower surfaces of the layer (2 passes) at a pressure of 8 bar; and layer 8 was softened by applying a pressure of 8 bar in the machine direction and the transverse direction.

Table 4 Physical and performance characteristics of a typical distribution layer Distribution layer 4 5 6 7 8 Test Absorption SDD (cm) 32,2 44,2 43.5 42 35.3 PSD (cm) 17.5 23.6 22.3 22.3 18.8 SP (g / g) 7 5,4 5.8 5.3 6.8 Softness (ring break test, g) 2700 1070 320 330 250 Tensile strength (N / 50 mm) 29.2 20.8 12,2 8.9 2,3 Surface tension 48 53 52 52 53 Lightness 72,2 73.7 73.7 74.1 73.1 Base weight (g / m ² ) 152 152 153 153 137 Thickness (mm) 1.29 0.54 0.77 0.72 1.30 Density (g / cm ³ ) 0.118 0.283 0,200 0.212 0.105 Flow time up to 15 cm (sec) 273 238 240 248 710 15 cm Absorbency (g / g) 6.6 6 6.2 6.4 7.1 Flow height in 15 min (cm) 19.2 21 21,2 20,2 15,2 Softness Free-bearing stiffness, NM (mm) 107 59 53 41 39 Free-bearing stiffness, PN (mm) 83 51 29th 27 37 Strength Dry at break, NM (N / 50 mm) 29.2 20.8 12,2 8.9 2,3 Elongation in the dry state (mm) 4.3 4.9 5.5 6.5 9.7 Elongation in the dry state (%) 2.1 2,5 2.7 3.2 4.8 Wet tear, NM (N / 50 mm) 8.9 5.1 3.4 2.1 0.7 Elongation in the wet state (mm) 11.3 12,4 13.3 13.1 10,4 Elongation in the wet state (%) 5.7 6.2 6.7 6.6 5.2 Strength in the wet state (M / P%) 31 25 28 24 28 Absorption capacity (g / g gaskets) 3.8 3.6 3.6 3.8 3,7

The flow time and tensile strength versus free-bearing stiffness for layers 4-8 are shown graphically in FIG. 3.

The liquid transfer in the main layer against time for layers 4, 5 and 8 is shown graphically in FIG. 4.

A distribution layer formed in accordance with the present invention may be incorporated into an absorbent article, such as a diaper. The composite may be used individually or in combination with one or more other layers, such as a production and / or retention layer, to obtain useful absorbent structures.

Typical absorbent structures that contain a distribution layer are shown in FIG. 12 A-C. With reference to FIG. 12A, a typical distribution layer 10 may be combined with a retaining layer 20 to obtain a structure 100. With reference to FIG. 12B, a receiving layer 30 may be combined with a distribution layer 10 and a retaining layer 20 to obtain a structure 110 having a distribution layer 10, a receiving layer 30 and a holding layer 20. With reference to FIG. 12C, the receiving layer 30 can be combined with the distribution layer 10 and the holding layer 20 to obtain a structure 120 having a holding layer 20, an intermediate receiving layer 30 and a spread end layer 10.

As noted above, the distribution layer can be incorporated into absorbent personal care products such as baby diapers, training underwear and incontinence products. Typical absorbent articles that contain a distribution layer are shown in Figs. 13A-D. In general, absorbent articles comprise an absorbent structure between a liquid permeable sheet facing the body and a liquid permeable sheet on the outside. Typically, in such absorbent articles, a body facing sheet is connected to the outer sheet. With reference to FIG. 13A, the article 200 comprises a sheet 40 facing the body, a distribution layer 10, a retaining layer 20, and an outer layer 50. In this article, the distribution layer 10 is adjacent to the sheet 40 facing the body. With reference to FIG. 13B, the product 205 comprises a body facing sheet 40, a receiving layer 30, a distribution layer 10, a holding layer 20, and an outer sheet 50. In this product, the distribution layer 10 is between the receiving layer 30 and the holding layer 20. Co with reference to Fig.13D, the product 220 comprises a body sheet 40, a receiving layer 30, a retaining layer 20, a distribution layer 10 and an outer sheet 50. In this product, the distribution layer 10 is adjacent to the outer sheet 50.

It will be understood that absorbent structures and articles that contain a distribution layer of the present invention may have different structures and are included in the scope of the invention.

The distribution layer was tested in training underwear.

In the following tests, training underwear contained SAP. As used herein, the term "SAP" or "superabsorbent particles" or "superabsorbent material" refers to a polymeric material that is capable of absorbing large volumes of liquid, swelling and forming a hydrogel. In addition to absorbing large volumes of liquid, superabsorbent materials can also retain significant volumes of body fluids at moderate pressure.

Superabsorbent materials are usually divided into three classes: grafted starch copolymers, crosslinked carboxymethyl cellulose derivatives and modified hydrophilic polyacrylates. Examples of such absorbent polymers are hydrolyzed grafted starch-acrylonitrile copolymers, neutralized grafted starch-acrylic acid copolymers, saponified acrylic acid-ester vinyl acetate copolymers, hydrolyzed acrylonitrile or acrylamide copolymers, modified crosslinked polyvinyl acrylate, polyvinylacrylate carboxylate cellulose and neutralized crosslinked copolymers of isobutylene-maleic angi drida.

Superabsorbent materials are commercially available, for example, polyacrylates from Clariant, Portsmouth, Virginia. These superabsorbent polymers are available in a wide range of sizes, morphology and absorbent properties (manufactured by Clariant under brand names such as IM 3500 and IM 3900). Other superabsorbent materials are sold under the trademarks SANWET (supplied by Sanyo Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha) and SXM77 (supplied by Stockhausen, Greensboro, North Carolina). Other superabsorbent materials are described in US Pat. Nos. 4,160,059; 4,676,784; 4,673,402; 5,002,814; 5,057,166; 4,102,340 and 4,818,598, all of which are incorporated herein by reference. Products such as diapers that contain superabsorbent materials are described in US Pat. No. 3,699,103 and US Pat. No. 3,670,731.

The first control training underwear was a large underwear for children “Members Mark” (exemplary training underwear), which had a retaining layer containing approximately 46% SAP. The retaining layer has a capacity of approximately 380 ml of urine. The layer contains 13 g of SAP mixed with 15 g of porous loose cellulose.

This control underwear was compared with two tested types of training underwear. Each of the tested training underwear used the same control training underwear. In each of these types of test clothes tested, a distribution layer was placed under the retaining layer.

In the first training underwear tested, also called the "Paragon Training Pant" with UDL 1049-5, the UDL distribution layer had a mass of 180 g / m ² and an absorbency of 48 ml of urine. It contained 8 g of fiber.

In the second test underwear, also called "Paragon Training Pant" with UDL 1081-8, the UDL distribution layer had a mass of 90 g / m ² and an absorbency of 24 ml of urine. It contained 4 g of fiber.

The second control training underwear was a large underwear for children ("Paragon Training Pant with 70% core"), which had a retaining layer containing approximately 70% SAP. The retaining layer had an absorbency of approximately 320 ml of urine. The layer contains 13 g of SAP in a mixture with 5.5 g of air-treated loose pulp. Cellulose was mixed with a mixture of equal molecular volumes of propylene glycol, lactic acid and sodium lactate. The amount of the mixture in the pulp was 7 - 9% by weight of the pulp.

This control underwear was also compared with two tested types of training underwear. Each of the tested training underwear used the same control training underwear. In each of these types of test clothes tested, a distribution layer was placed under the retaining layer.

In the first training underwear tested, also called the "Paragon Training Pant" with 70% SAP and UDL 1049-5, the UDL distribution layer had a mass of 180 g / m ² and an absorbency of 48 ml of urine. It contained 8 g of fiber.

In the second test underwear, also called the "Paragon Training Pant" with 70% SAP and UDL 1081-8, the UDL distribution layer had a mass of 90 g / m ² and an absorbency of 24 ml of urine. It contained 4 g of fiber.

Saddle Leak Test

The saddle leakage, including the production rate, distribution, and leakage height, was determined by the method described below.

The order of operations:

1) Take and mark 6 equal cells using a template and a permanent marker.

2) Put "X" at the midpoint of the line between the 3rd and 4th cells.

3) Place the diaper in the saddle so that the “X” is right-angled at the bottom of the device, and then place a 250 ml separation funnel about 1 cm directly above the “X”.

4) Measure 75 ml of synthetic urine (blood bank with 0.9% saline) and pour into a funnel.

5) Open the funnel and start the timer. Measure the time during which all the liquid leaves the funnel at the point where the liquid is absorbed into the sample. Record this time as the time of receipt.

6) Repeat operations 7 and 8 every 20 minutes until moisture starts to flow out of the training underwear (free liquid in the training underwear 20 minutes after the dose or liquid has been added).

7) After the fluid starts to flow out of the diaper, remove the free fluid from the training clothes using a syringe.

8) Measure and record the volume of free fluid recovered in step 7.

9) Take out the training underwear and cut the sample by placing it in the indicated cells.

10) Weigh each cell and record the mass in the wet state.

11) Put each cell in the drying oven.

12) Weigh and record the dry mass of each cell.

13) Determine the amount of fluid in each cell (wet weight - dry weight).

14) Determine the absorbency before leakage ((number of doses × 75 ml) - recovered free liquid).

The results of saddle leakage tests are shown in FIGS. 5-11. Figure 5 shows the time in seconds for receiving fluid at the 4th dose for the control and test training underwear and shows the effectiveness of the distribution layer in fluid transfer so that the substrate can receive fluid at a faster rate. Figure 6 shows the total amount of liquid absorbed in milliliters until leakage. 7 and 8 show the distribution of fluid in grams in each zone of training underwear.

Fluid production test with flat market pulp

The time of receipt and rewetting was determined for the control underwear and the test training underwear.

The time of preparation and rewetting was determined in accordance with the rewetting test after several doses, as described below.

Briefly, in a re-wetting test after several doses, the amount of synthetic urine released from the absorbent structure after every three doses of liquid and the time required for each of the three doses of liquid to flow into the product are measured.

During the tests, an aqueous solution was used, composed of one part of synthetic urine and nine parts of deionized water.

Training underwear was secured to the plate with clips, fully stretched with the non-woven side up. Training underwear was prepared for testing by determining the center of mass of the structure, measuring 2.5 cm in front to determine the point of application of the fluid and applying the “X” mark to that location. The dosing ring (5/32 inch stainless steel, 2 inch inner diameter, 3 inch height) was placed on the “X” mark on the samples. A liquid funnel (minimum capacity 100 ml, flow rate 5-7 ml / s) was placed 2–3 cm above the dispensing ring above the “X” mark. After sample preparation, the test was carried out as follows.

75 ml (one dose) of synthetic urine were poured into the funnel. The first dose of synthetic urine was delivered to the dosing ring. The time of fluid intake was recorded using a stopwatch in seconds from the moment the funnel valve was opened to the flow of fluid into the product from the bottom of the metering ring. The rate of fluid production was determined by dividing the amount of synthetic urine (75 ml) by the time of receipt to determine the rate of production in grams per second. 1 ml of synthetic urine is 1 g.

After a 20-minute exposure period, re-wetting was determined. A stack of filter paper was weighed within 20 minutes after the first dose was delivered (19-22 g, Whatman No. 3, 11.0 cm or equivalent, aged at room humidity for a minimum of two hours before the test). A stack of weighed filter paper was placed in the center of the wetted area. A cylindrical load (8.9 cm diameter, 9.8 pound weight) was placed on top of this foot. After two minutes, the load was removed, the filter paper was weighed, and the change in its weight was recorded.

This operation was repeated two more times. Another dose of synthetic urine was added to the diaper; the time and rate of receipt were determined, filter paper was placed on the sample for two minutes, and the change in mass was determined. For the second dose, the weight of dry filter paper was 29-32 g, and for the third dose, the weight of filter paper was 39-42 g. Dry paper from previous doses was replenished with additional sheets.

Figure 9 shows the rate of receipt of the third dose in g / s. Figure 10 shows the fluid production rate for three consecutive doses in g / s.

Re-wetting refers to the amount of liquid (in grams) absorbed into the filter paper after each dose of liquid (i.e. the difference between the weight of wet filter paper and the weight of dry filter paper). 11 shows rewetting after a fourth dose.

Method for surface tension of cellulose sample

The following method was used to determine the surface tension of cellulose samples. In this method, cellulose fibers are mixed with water to extract sludge and contaminants. The surface tension of the filtrate is measured in order to show the surface activity of the extractives and their respective concentration on the cellulose fibers. The order of operations is described below.

A. Wearing gloves to prevent contamination, remove a 2.0 g sample of cellulose from a sheet of cellulose and place it in a dry and clean 125 ml Nalgen flask.

B. Add 100 ml of deionized water and close the flask tightly.

B. Place the flask in a manual shaker and shake with high intensity for one hour.

D. Remove the flask from the shaker and allow to stand for 10 minutes. This will help separate the fibers from the water before filtering.

D. Assemble the filter device using a clean and dry Nalgen flask inside the filter box with the Buchner funnel placed on top. Place 11.0 cm filter paper of Whatman variety No. 4 in a Buchner funnel. You can use another equivalent filter if it has the following characteristics:

fast quality type, filtration rate of 100 ml / 12 s, ash content of 0.06%, particle retention of 20-25 microns.

E. Connect the filter assembly to a standard vacuum system (25 inches of mercury).

G. Turn on the vacuum system, open the flask with the sample and pour the contents onto filter paper in a Buchner funnel. All filtrate should be removed from cellulose fibers for 15-30 seconds.

3. Turn off the vacuum system and remove the inlet flask from the filter box. Stir the filtrate in the flask thoroughly by shaking the flask.

I. Calibrate the Rosano tensiometer with the plate by using deionized water at room temperature (25 ° C) and a platinum plate marked for surfactants. Prepare the plate by dipping it in acetone and passing it through the flame of a Bunsen burner until it turns red. Allow the plate to cool for 10 seconds before use. Preparation should be carried out before each sample and each repeated sample.

I. Pour 20 ml of deionized water into a clean and dry 25 ml glass Petri dish. Measure surface tension and repeat measurement. The surface tension of deionized water at 25 ° C is 71.8 dyne / cm. A tensiometer is considered calibrated if each repeated reading gives 71.8 ± 1 dyne / cm.

K. Using the filtrate from the flask with the sample, pour equal amounts of 20 ml into three clean and dry Petri dishes.

L. Measure the surface tension of each sample and record the average value. Each repeated measurement must be within ± 2 dynes / cm. The measurement should be repeated if there are bubbles on the surface or in the solution that distort the reading.

The distribution layer of the present invention effectively distributes the resulting liquid into an adjacent liquid retention layer. The distribution layer can efficiently transfer the resulting liquid to the wet-hold retaining layers and molded from the foam.

14 A-F summarize fluid absorption rates for typical distribution layers of the present invention. The tables show the liquid absorption rate for typical distribution layers of wet packing and foam molded. The distribution layers of the present invention have an absorption rate at 10 cm greater than about 4 g / g-min. In one embodiment, the layer had an absorption rate at 10 cm greater than about 6 g / g-min. In one embodiment, the layer had an absorption rate at 10 cm greater than about 8 g / g-min.

On Fig summarized the changes in the rate of absorption of liquid typical distribution layers of the present invention, including layers of wet laying and formed from foam.

On Fig A-E summarized values of the transfer of fluid into the retaining layer of the typical distribution layers of the present invention. These tables summarize the liquid absorption rate as a function of the flow height into the retaining layer having a base mass of about 99 g / m ² and a density of 0.11 g / cm.

On Fig.17 A - E summarized values of the transfer of fluid into the retaining layer of the typical distribution layers of the present invention. These tables summarize the liquid absorption rate as a function of the flow height into the retaining layer having a base mass of about 144 g / m ² and a density of 0.11 g / cm ³ .

When combined with a wet-laid retaining layer or formed of foam, the distribution layer of the present invention provides a structure having an absorption rate of 10 cm greater than about 1 g / g-min. In one embodiment, the distribution layer of the present invention has an absorption rate of 10 cm greater than about 2 g / g-min.

FIGS. 18 A-C summarize fluid transfer values into the retaining layer by typical distribution layers of the present invention. The tables summarize the values of the transfer rate at a leakage height of 10 cm for several retaining layers, including layers of wet laying and molded from foam.

Fig. 19 is a graph showing the rate of absorption of liquid by the distribution layer as a function of base mass. For the distribution layers of the present invention, the absorption rate increases with increasing base mass.

FIG. 20 is a graph showing transfer volumes (g / g) of typical distribution layers of the present invention as a function of time at a flow height of 5 cm.

21 is a graph showing the transfer rate (g / g-min) for typical distribution layers of the present invention as a function of time at a flow height of 5 cm.

FIG. 22 is a graph showing the effect of the flow height on the transfer rate of volumes by typical distribution layers of the present invention.

Briefly, the layer of the present invention effectively distributes the resulting liquid into an adjacent retaining layer. Efficient distribution allows full utilization of the absorption capacity of the retaining layer. In performing the distribution function, the layer avoids leakage problems from the absorbent personal care product, which is usually caused by the inability of the product to completely and quickly absorb the fluid entering such a product. In performing the distribution function, the layer efficiently distributes the liquid to the adjacent retaining layer away from the liquid, thereby avoiding the leakage problem, which is usually the result of saturation of the liquid with the retaining layer near the liquid inlet. Absorbent articles having a relatively thin and narrow shape are particularly sensitive to leakage and most benefit from the advantages of the distribution layer of the present invention. Also, by efficiently distributing the resulting liquid, the layer makes use of the full absorption capacity of the adjacent retaining layer, thereby avoiding the excessive bulkiness and discomfort that results from saturation of the retaining layer in separate places. In addition, since the layer efficiently transfers the obtained liquid to the adjacent retaining layer, the distribution layer of the present invention has the advantage of being able to receive, distribute and, ultimately, transfer the liquid obtained by successive deliveries. Since the advantage of the distribution layer of the present invention is the rapid absorption, distribution and release of fluid into the adjacent retaining layer, both initially and on subsequent deliveries, this layer is particularly suitable for incorporation into absorbent personal care products such as baby diapers, training underwear and incontinence agents for producing absorbent agents with improved characteristics.

Although a preferred embodiment of the present invention has been demonstrated and described, it will be understood that various changes may be made thereto without prejudice to the idea and scope of the present invention.

Claims (17)

1. A fibrous layer for distribution into an absorbent article containing a refined mixture of crosslinked cellulosic fibers and uncrosslinked cellulosic fibers, characterized in that crosslinked cellulosic fibers are present in an amount of about 50 to about 90% by weight of the total weight of the layer, and non-crosslinked cellulosic fibers are present in an amount of from about 10 to about 50% by weight of the total weight of the layer, said layer has a liquid absorption rate at 10 cm greater than about 4 g / g-min. 2. The layer according to claim 1, characterized in that the absorption rate at 10 cm is greater than about 6 g / g-min. 3. The layer according to claim 1, characterized in that the absorption rate at 10 cm is greater than about 8 g / g-min. 4. The layer according to claim 1, characterized in that the crosslinked cellulose fibers are present in an amount of from about 75 to about 90% by weight of the total weight of the layer. 5. The layer according to claim 1, characterized in that the crosslinked cellulose fibers are present in an amount of about 85% by weight of the total weight of the layer. 6. The layer according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-crosslinked cellulosic fibers are present in an amount of from about 10 to about 25% by weight of the total weight of the layer. 7. The layer according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-crosslinked cellulosic fibers are present in an amount of about 15% by weight of the total weight of the layer. 8. The layer according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-cross-linked cellulose fibers are fibers of southern pine. 9. The layer according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-crosslinked cellulosic fibers are hardwood pulp fibers. 10. The absorbent structure containing the distribution layer, the liquid from which passes into the retaining layer, the specified distribution layer contains an enriched mixture of crosslinked cellulose fibers and uncrosslinked cellulose fibers, characterized in that the crosslinked cellulose fibers are present in an amount of from about 50 to 90% by weight of the total mass of the layer, and non-cross-linked cellulose fibers are present in an amount of about 10 to 50% by weight of the total mass of the layer, and the structure has an absorption rate at 10 cm greater than about 1 g / g-min. 11. The structure of claim 10, wherein the absorption rate at 10 cm is greater than about 2 g / g-min. 12. The structure of claim 10, wherein the retaining layer comprises an absorbent material. 13. The structure according to claim 10, characterized in that the retaining layer contains a fibrous cellulose layer of wet laying. 14. The structure of claim 10, wherein the retaining layer comprises a fibrous cellulosic layer molded from foam. 15. An absorbent product containing a layer according to claim 1. 16. An absorbent product containing a structure according to claim 10. 17. Absorbent products according to item 15 or 16, characterized in that the product is at least one of a baby diaper, training underwear and means used for incontinence in adults.

Images