RU2265963C2 - Method for recording unfinished video data streams - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: MPEG-2 media streams.

SUBSTANCE: method includes recording video-objects, including additional series of continuously recorded cells, while each cell in video-object has unique identification number of cell, recording additional series of cells reproduction, determining reproduced software chain of cells, where aforementioned series includes links to identification numbers, and recording navigation data in cells, including time of end of presentation of appropriate video object. Method additionally includes recording of empty cell at the end of video object, which is not requested during reproduction.

EFFECT: possible recording of video data streams and appropriate data structures, practically identical to structures, detected in DVD video data format, onto rewritable data carrier in real time.

2 cl, 14 dwg, 3 tbl

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a method for recording encoded information signals, as indicated in the preamble of claim 1, on a disc-type recording medium such as an optically readable disc. In addition, the invention relates to a recording device for implementing the aforementioned method.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The DVD video format for digitally readable discs is defined in DVD Specifications for Read-Only Disc, part 3: Video Specifications (version 1.0, August 1996) (Read-only DVD specifications for read-only discs , part 3: Technical specifications for video data (version 1.0, August 1996)). The relevant parts of this document are disclosed, for example, in European patent application EP 724264 and US patent No. 5784528, documents D1 and D2, respectively, in the list of reference documents, which can be found at the end of this description. Both documents are included here by reference.

The DVD video data format defined in the aforementioned Specifications for a read-only disc and disclosed in D1 and D2 was created to store movies and other video data on read-only DVD media. Some features of the DVD video format make it not very suitable for recording in real time.

However, it is desirable to create and record video streams and corresponding data structures on a rewritable medium in real time, and it is preferable that they are almost identical to the structures defined in the DVD video format. Playing back recordings on such rewritable discs should be compatible with most types of DVD-video players available to users. The method according to the invention describes a new original format for DVD video data compatible with the recording of streams of video data in real time, here defined as "DVD video in real time" or, in short, "DVD video". This particular format is intended for home video recording on optical media, playback from which is compatible with DVD-video players.

According to the aforementioned DVD video data format, it is required that the data for a set of video table of contents (NOVD) be distributed continuously. This creates various problems when part of the data is overwritten with new data.

The presentation time of the end of the video data of the current video object (PSA) is one of the parameters included in each navigation package (HB_PC) in the stream. The specified presentation time of the end of the video data determines the presentation time of the end of the corresponding video object. However, when recording in real time, this time is not known in advance. Making or updating it after recording is difficult and time consuming. Therefore, a time is chosen in advance that will never be reached by the player. However, a problem arises when reaching the end of a video object, when a parameter characterizing the presentation time of the end (video object) indicates a different time value. This gives the player conflicting information and can lead to playback errors.

SUMMARY AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Thus, among other things, the object of the present invention is to remedy the aforementioned disadvantages. In one aspect, the recording method of the invention is characterized by the features indicated in the characterizing part of claim 1.

When the player recognizes a special cell that is not referenced in the program chain, it will know that the end of the program chain has been reached. The player will stop and will never notify that the video object is not completed.

Additional advantages of the invention are indicated in other dependent claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The above and other aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description with reference to the disclosed preferred options for its implementation, in particular, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 - logical data structure of a DVD disc corresponding to a variant for DVD video recording according to the invention;

Figure 2 is a more detailed image of the structure of the area of the video data administrator (AED) of figure 1;

Figure 3 is a more detailed image of the structure of the region (INOVD) of figure 1;

Figure 4 - structure of a table of information management information manager (TU_NOVD) of figure 2;

5 is a structure of a software chain information area (CPI);

6 is an example of finding information from a software chain of CPI headers;

7 is a recording device according to the first embodiment of the invention, the corresponding blocks of which are shown in detail in the following figures;

Fig - block input A / B data.

Fig.9 - block codec;

Figure 10 - block output A / B data;

11 is a block drive; and

Fig - block control system.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

The data structure disclosed here explains the compatibility of the real-time video format with the DVD video data format and determines how it should be used by recorders to create DVD-compatible discs.

To overcome the limitations of recording real-time DVD video data format for read-only discs, a number of changes have been made to the organization of data and the use of certain recording parameters in the real-time data stream.

To improve the interchangeability of rewritable discs on recording devices, the use of tables of contents and menus is limited. In addition to this, restrictive rules for playlists are defined that can be created by the user to specify the playback sequences of the individual parts from the recorded contents.

First, a list of definitions is given.

“Access Element” is an encoded representation of a data presentation element. For a more detailed definition of MPEG audio / video access elements, refer to the ISO / IEC 13818-1 standards for MPEG-2 systems (document D3 in the list of reference documents at the end of this description).

“Buffer cell” - the last cell of a video object (PSA) containing just one element of a video object (EVOB). The buffer cell is not used by a program chain (PC). The buffer cell identifier is 255.

A sequence of one or more elements of a video object (EVOB). The first EVOB cell must contain video data. Cells are the basic data presentation elements for software chains (PCs).

"Chapter" is a subdivision of the table of contents. Another term for part of the title (FAQ).

"DVD-VR format" is an abbreviation for the Technical Specifications for the video data format for real-time DVD video recording.

"DVD video data format for read-only discs" (ROM disks) - the format specified in the technical specifications for read-only DVD discs is part. 3: Technical specifications for video data (version 1.0, August 1996), the details of which are disclosed in documents D1 and D2.

"DVD video data format for rewritable discs" is the format of the corresponding DVD video data structures with the changes defined in this description.

"Elementary flow". An elementary stream is a general term for a sequence of encoded video data, encoded audio data, encoded graphic data, or other access elements that can be correctly decoded by a hypothetical decoder operating in the absence of special control by an external controller.

"Free space" - an entry that is represented by a table of contents of free space in the table of indexes for the search for a table of contents. If the last record is an empty seat, then it is not presented in this table.

"Contents of free space." A full table of contents or a table of contents of a playlist that cannot be reproduced as program chain information contains a preliminary command to prevent this. Time_Play (), Time_Search (), PTT_Play () and PTT_Search () are locked for the table of contents. Cell information in the free space table of contents chain may not be accurate.

"Full table of contents" - a table of contents representing one entry.

When playing the full table of contents, all filled cells (except for buffer cells) contained in the record are played back, in the order the data are placed in the NLB of the NOVD headers. Full table of contents can be accessed through the table of contents menu.

"Image Group (GHI)" is a sequence of encoded images starting with the head label of the GHI, followed by an intracode image. GIZ represents up to 36 display fields at a frequency of 59, 94 Hz or 30 fields at a frequency of 50 Hz.

"MPEG-2 program stream (MPEG-2 software)" is a program stream defined in the ISO / IEC 13818-1 standard relating to MPEG-2 systems, document D3 in the list of reference documents at the end of this description.

Multiplexed Stream. A multiplexed stream is a single bit stream that combines one or more elementary streams that can be played synchronously.

A “playlist (or table of contents of a playlist)” is a list representing a playback sequence of cells from a single entry. Playlists are available through the table of contents menu.

"Software chain (PC)" - a sequence of cells to represent a menu or table of contents.

7 shows a recording device according to a first embodiment of the invention. The recording device consists of several blocks. One of them is block 1 input audio / video (A / V) signals. Block 1 input A / V signals receives video and audio signals at antenna input 2 and input 3 for external audio / video signals. Antenna input 2 is adapted for receiving modulated A / V broadcast signals transmitted from a satellite, either from a ground source or via cable. The input 3 for external audio / video signals is adapted to receive unmodulated audio signals or unmodulated video signals directly generated by an audio signal source or a video signal source, respectively.

In Fig. 8, the A / V signal input unit 1 is shown in more detail. The tuner 5 connected to the antenna input 2 demodulates the modulated antenna A / V signals and provides demodulated signals to the corresponding block 6 for demultiplexing the A / V signals to separate the audio signals from the video signals. Block 7 of the analog-to-digital conversion of the audio signals outputs the digital audio signal A, and the decoding unit 8 in the NTSC / PAL / SECAM system, including the analog-to-digital video converter, outputs the digital video signal B. These signals A and B are supplied to the encoding / decoding unit 9, which presented in more detail in Fig.9. The encoding / decoding unit 9 compresses and encodes signals A and B, respectively, using an audio encoder 10 and a video encoder 11, and, using a multiplexer 12, converts them into a multiplexed compressed stream that satisfies the technical conditions for video recording. For this purpose, audio encoder 10 and video encoder 11 are adapted to compress source data in accordance with a specific compression standard, such as, for example, MPEG-2 for audio and video data.

The compressed and multiplexed stream is fed through the buffer of the track 13, which smooths out the fluctuations in speed resulting from the intermediate recording and playback of data from the disk to the drive unit 14. The encoding and decoding unit 9 also expands the compressed stream read from the recording medium by the drive unit 14, and separately outputs the audio signal A and the video signal V to the A / B signal output unit 15. For this purpose, the encoding / decoding unit 9 includes a corresponding A / V decoder 16 for decoding the compressed audio and video signals of the source.

The A / V signal output unit, which is shown in detail in FIG. 10, includes a digital-to-analog audio signal converter 17 for outputting audio signals to an external output 18 for audio signals. Block 15 output A / V signals in addition includes a block 19 "video encoder-digital-to-analog Converter" for outputting video signals to an external output 20 for image signals.

11, the drive unit 14 is shown in more detail. This unit 14 receives the compressed stream generated by the encoding / decoding unit 9, and adds error correction code to this stream using the corresponding error correction processing unit 21. Then, the channel modulation / demodulation unit 22 converts the error correction code stream into channel bits suitable for recording on the recording medium 23. In the case of DVDs, the EFM + modulation scheme is applied (eight to fourteen modulation). In the event that the recording medium 23 is an optical type, recording and reading are performed using a laser included in the optical head unit 25. The laser is controlled by the laser power control unit 24. The signals reflected from the recording medium 23 are converted by the amplifier circuit and the waveform corrector circuit 26 into binary signals. Next, the resulting compressed stream is demodulated by the modulation / demodulation unit 22, corrected by the error correction processing unit 21, and output via the track buffer 13 to the encoding / decoding unit 9.

A tracking circuit 27 connected to a circuit 26 of an amplifier and a waveform corrector controls the positioning of the optical head unit 25 relative to the recording medium 23 and the rotation speed of the recording medium 23 by controlling the rotational drive means 28.

The system control unit 29 shown in FIG. 12 controls each unit and performs file management, information management, and track buffer management. For this purpose, a processing unit 30 is provided for controlling the system, which is connected to the memory means 31, into which the corresponding operating system is loaded. The means 32 of the operator input and the means 33 of the operator output are connected to the means 31 of the memory. The operator input means 32 includes, for example, a keyboard, and the operator output means includes a display means.

"Actual table of contents" - the full table of contents or table of contents of the playlist, which is not a table of contents of free space.

“Record” is a continuous part of the NSS of the NOVD table of contents, including an integer number of MPEG-2 software packets.

The NSS of the contents of the NOVD is divided into related records, which do not have to coincide with the PSA and the NSS.

"Table of Contents" - an element available to the user, indicated in the index table for searching the table of contents.

"Table of Contents Menu" - a menu that provides the user with access to playlists and, if desired, to full tables of contents.

"Table of indexes for searching the table of contents" - a table in the video data manager, where all available playlists and full table of contents on the disk are indicated. It starts the search for data that is suitable for playing back the table of contents.

"Video Data Administrator (ADV)" - DVD video data structures containing information about recorded video data and a table of contents menus. The index table for searching the table of contents is one of the elements of the video data manager.

"Video object (PSA)." A video object is a sequence (part of a sequence) of cells written one after another, forming together a program stream (part of a program stream) of MPEG-2.

From the beginning of the first PSA cell, an integer number of MPEG-2 program stream packets may be skipped if this cell is not used by any table of contents. The last PSA cell is a buffer cell.

The PSA should contain one elementary stream of video data. Skips in the video stream are permitted under the conditions specified in the Technical Specifications for DVD video data.

According to the technical conditions for DVD video data, the PSA can also contain up to eight audio streams (in the form of elementary streams of audio data and / or hidden streams) and up to 32 streams of image fragments. The DVD video format allows you to have only one stream of audio data and one stream of image fragments in the same PSA.

"Video Object Element (EVOB)" - an integer number of MPEG-2 program stream packets, representing the presentation period from 0.4 to 1.0 seconds.

The last EVOB of the cell has a maximum presentation period of 1.2 seconds. If the EVOB contains video data, then this video data consists of an integer number of GHI groups and begins with the head label of the sequence, the head label of the GIZ, and the intracode image.

The element of the image fragment is installed in the EVOB at will and cannot cross the boundaries of the EVOB. The validity period associated with the ESI ends with the time or until the end of the EVOB.

A “set of video objects (NLB)” is a collection of PSAs recorded one after another.

The BEPs that are used in the menu are stored in the NOBO of the video data manager (NOBB_MADV). The PSA used for the table of contents is stored in the NLB of the table of contents of the NOVD (NOBL_ONOVD).

1 shows a general data structure according to a real-time video recording format. This data structure includes a start area (BUT), a volume (OB) and a file system (FS) area, a video data administrator (ADV) area, 1 set of video data tables (NOVD), a area reserved for other structures (OTHER), and a final area (KO), known from the data structure of the DVD ROM. Figure 1 does not specifically show information for managing the presentation (IPM) and information for searching for data (IPD) contained in the set of video objects for the table of contents of the NOVD (NOBOB_ONOVD), while the same information is dispersed in the navigation packets (HB_PC) of each element of the video object (EVOB).

First, the general organization of the data according to the real-time video format is discussed.

As for the video data administrator (ADV), the following should be noted. The video data manager (ADV) should contain a table of contents menu. Therefore, a set of video objects for the video data manager menu (NOBB_MADV) is required.

As regards the sets of table of contents for video data (NOVD), the following should be noted. The data structure on the disk contains only one set of table of contents for video data (NOVD). The root menu should contain a dummy program chain (PC) with a preliminary command that calls up the table of contents. The disk should not contain other menus of the table of contents of video data (NOVD). Therefore, the set of the table of contents of the video data (NOVD) does not contain a set of video objects for the menu of the set of the table of contents of the video objects (NOBL_MNOVD). The set of video objects for the table of contents of the table of contents of the video data (NOBO_ONOVD) of the table of contents of the video data (NOBD) includes the contents of the recorded video data.

As regards the set of video objects (NSA), video objects (PSA) and cells, the following should be noted. A video object (PSA) is a sequence (part of a sequence) of cells written one after another, forming together a program stream (part of a program stream) of MPEG-2, as defined in document D4. From the beginning of the first cell of a video object (PSA), an integer number of packets of the MPEG-2 program stream may be skipped if this cell is not used by any table of contents. The last cell of the video object (PSA) is a buffer cell that is not used by any table of contents. A set of video objects (NVOB) is a collection of recorded one after another video objects (PSA). Video objects (PSA) and cells on a rewritable disc do not fully comply with the Specifications for video data for a read-only DVD disc disclosed in documents D2 and D4. The following exceptions are allowed or required:

(1) According to the technical specifications for DVD video data, it is required that a video object (PSA) begin with an initial value of the system clock (UHF) equal to zero. For DVD video discs, this is not required.

(2) The display of the video stream from one video object (PSA) is not required to start from the upper field and is not required to end in the lower field.

(3) The technical specifications for DVD video data require incremental numbering of video objects (PSA) and cells. When writing to a disc for the first time, this requirement can usually be satisfied. However, when overwriting (partially rewriting) old records or while the user is editing, saving incremental numbering may not be possible. To solve this problem in DVD video format, the video object identification number (ID PSA) for all video objects (PSA) should be "1". In addition to this, cell identifiers remain unique (except for number 255), but violation of the sequence of numbers is allowed.

(4) Video objects (PSA) and cells contain navigation packets (HB_PC) with direct links to facilitate direct search. Some of these direct links may not be known during recording and therefore should be encoded using values that allow traditional playback devices to work satisfactorily.

(5) Navigation packets (HB_PC) also contain a parameter that determines the end time for the presentation of the last video frame of video objects (PSA). This parameter cannot be adjusted in real time in all cases. To solve this problem, a larger number is written as the value of this parameter. The presence of a buffer cell at the end of the video object (PSA) ensures that the end of the video object (PSA) will never be reached during playback.

As for the recordings, the following should be noted. The set of video objects for the table of contents in the set of table of contents for video data (NOBO_ONOVD) can be divided into a set of adjacent parts called records, which do not have to coincide with video objects (PSA). Entries include the integer number of MPEG-2 PP packets.

The entries relate to the splitting of the content as presented to the user. As for the full table of contents, playlists and free space, the following should be noted. For each record, two table of contents are created, called the table of contents of one consecutive processing center: one full table of contents and one playlist. The full table of contents determines the playback of all filled cells (except for buffer cells) of the record in the order of placement in the set of video objects (NOBS). The playlist may differ from the full table of contents. If so, then it determines the reproduction of the subset of cells that are reproduced in accordance with the full table of contents.

Full tables of contents and playlists are each presented as a table of contents in the table of indexes for searching the table of contents in IADV (TUP_O) and as a table of contents element (EO) in the table of indexes for table of contents for searching the table of contents in INOVD (Ч_ТУП_НОВД). A playlist indicates the same program chain (PC) as the corresponding full table of contents, unless another program chain (PC) is recorded for the playlist.

Full table of contents and table of contents of playlists are valid table of contents, unless they are marked as free space. If the user deletes the full table of contents, both the full table of contents and the playlist in the table of indexes for searching the table of contents (TUP_O) are marked as free space by setting a unique value for the type of playback (TYPE_VP_O). If two consecutive full tables of contents are deleted, then the entries in the table of indexes for searching the table of contents (TUP_O) should be combined into one new table of contents. The corresponding playlists, which are marked as free space, are also combined. The free space available on disk at the end of the NSS of the contents of the NOVD or beyond the borders of the NOVD is not reflected in TUP_O. Figure 5 shows an example of finding a CPI table of contents.

In Fig. 5, the following data structures are specified: the type of table of contents playback (TYPE-VP_O), the number of table of contents parts (NUMBER), the table of contents of the NOVD (NO_NOVD), the number of the processing center (NPC), the program number (PN), the table of contents of the NOVD (NO_NOVD) , the starting address of the table with information for the NOVD program chain (NA-IPTs_NOVD), the table with information for the program chain (TIPC), the number of angles (KOL-UGL), the identifier field of the “parent” for the table of contents (POL-ID_ROD_O), the NOVD number ( NNOVD) and the identifier field of the "parent" (POL_ID_ROD).

Each table of contents (except the last table of contents of the playlist and the last full table of contents) is associated with the next table of contents with the LinkPGCN command (attach the NPC) in the corresponding data for the program chain (CPI). The program chain information (CPI) of the last playlist and the last full table of contents contains a CallSS call in the table of contents menu. If the table of contents is marked as free space, this command is saved as a pre-command in the information for the program chain (CPI). Otherwise, this command is remembered as a trailing command.

The number of full table of contents on a DVD video disc is equal to the number of playlists, with a maximum of 49. Table of contents can be divided into a maximum of 99 chapters (parts of the table of contents). The maximum number of chapters for all full table of contents on a disc is 254.

The following describes the limitations and changes compared to the read-only format.

As already explained with reference to FIG. 1, exactly one set of table of contents of the video data is written to the disc. Figure 2 shows the data structure in the general information of the video data manager (IADV) in the area of the video data manager (ADV) shown in Fig.1. As in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 does not show presentation control information (IPM) and data retrieval information (SDI), although this information is dispersed in the corresponding navigation packets (HB_PC) in each element of the video object (EVOB) from the set of video objects for the video administrator menu (NOBB_MADV).

As for the table for managing information of the video data administrator (TU_IADV), the first 8 bytes of the unique provider identifier (POST_ID) contain the string "DVD-VR01". The program chain of the first playback (PC_PVP) contains JumpSS (transition) to the table of contents as a preliminary command.

The index table for searching the table of contents (TUP_O) consists of two sections of equal length. The first half contains pointers to N playlists, and the second half contains pointers to N full tables of contents. Playlists, as well as full tables of contents, are sorted in ascending order of the starting addresses of the first cell used in the set of video objects (NOBS). All table of contents are the table of contents of one sequential processing center, for which Time_Play () (time playback) and Time_Search () (time search) are blocked. Part_of_Time Play () and Part_of_Time_Search () should be blocked for those tables of contents that are associated with free space, and should not be blocked for other tables of contents. Table 1 lists the valid types of playback defined by the table of contents type playback (TYPE_VP_O).

TABLE 1
Valid values TYPE_VP_O Value TYPE_VP_O Table of contents 0001 0101 b A valid table of contents, which is neither the last playlist nor the last full table of contents 0000 0101 b The actual table of contents, which is the last playlist or the last full table of contents 0000 0111 b Table of Contents

The table of information elements of the program chain of the video data manager menu (TE_IPC_MADV) is simply attached to the table of contents menu. There should be only one element of the language. The video admin menu is located in this language element.

Following the table of attributes for the set of the table of contents of the video data (TATR_NOV), the table of addresses of the cells of the menu of the video data manager (TAD_MADV) is limited to a maximum of 170 cells, and the map of the addresses of the video objects of the menu of the video data manager (CAD_EVOB_MADV) is limited to a maximum of 511 EVOB. The remainder of the video data manager (ADV) area is occupied by a set of video objects in the video data manager menu (NOBB_MADV) and a backup copy of the video data administrator information (COP_IADV).

Next, with reference to figure 3, information on a set of table of contents of video data (INOV) is considered. Since the root menu contains a dummy program chain (PC), and other menus are not available, the menus for the table of contents of the video data (NEW) do not have the corresponding video object data (PSA). Therefore, the table of addresses of the cells in the menu of the set of the table of contents of the video data (TAD_MN_MOV), as well as the map of the addresses of the elements of video objects for the set of the table of contents of the video data (COTAD_EVOB_MNOV) do not exist.

The information management table for the set of the table of contents of the video data (TU_INOV) includes the following areas (not shown in the figure):

- attributes of video data NOV (ATR_VD_NOV) (video compression mode is compatible with MPEG-2),

- the number of streams of audio data (KOL_PAD_NOV), expressing the number of different sets of attributes of the stream of audio data in this NOV,

- a table of attributes of the audio data stream NOV (TATR_PAD_NOV), where various sets of attributes of the audio data stream attributes are specified, which are defined (and may or may not be used) for this NOV. The CPI for each table of contents determines which sets are actually used,

- the number of streams of fragments of the image (KOL_PFI_NOV) (in this NOV is set equal to unity) and

- the table of attributes of the stream of fragments of the image NEW (TATR_PFI_NOV) (all fields in this table are filled with zeros).

The video header set information (INOV) additionally contains a table of search indexes for a part of the table of contents of the set of table of contents of the video data (TUP-CHO-NOV), where the table of contents elements are recorded in the same order as the table of contents in the index of the table of contents search (TUP-O).

Further there is a table of information for the software chain of the set of table of contents for video data (TIPC_NOV). The number of search pointers for information in the software chain of the table of contents of the video data (CPI_NOV) is equal to the number of table of contents in the table of pointers for searching the table of contents (TUP_O). Search pointers are written in the same order as the table of contents. All program chains (PCs) are PCs with input capabilities in which all the bits characterizing the blocking mode, the type of blocking, and the "parent" identifier field (PL_ROD_ID) are zero. When the playlist matches the corresponding full table of contents, their values for the starting address of the information in the software chain of the set of table of contents for the video data (NA_IPC_NOV) are identical.

As for the table of information elements for the program chain of the menu of the set of the table of contents of the video data (TE_IPC_MNOV), the following should be noted. The number of language elements in the menu of the table of contents of the video data set in TE_IPTs_NOV should be 1. There is exactly one pointer to search for the element of the language in the menu of the set of tables of contents of the video data (UP_EY_MNOV). The existence field of the menu of the set of the table of contents of the video data (SUSCH_MNOV) should contain a value (1000 000b) indicating that only the root menu exists. The language element of the menu of the set of the table of contents of the video data (E_MNOV) contains exactly one pointer for searching the information of the program chain (UP_IPC_MNOV). The category parameter for the program chain of the table of contents table of contents (CAT_PC_MNOV) for the program chain of the menu of the set of tables of contents (CC_MNOV) contains a value (8300_0000h) indicating that the corresponding program chain (PC) is a PC with the ability to enter for the root menu. There is a single block of information for the program chain of the menu for the set of the table of contents of the video data (CPI_MNOV).

The table of time maps for sets of tables of contents of video data (TOTV_NOV) contains time maps for sets of tables of contents of video data (KB_NOV), which are available for all table of contents on the disk, but do not contain any map elements.

As for the table of addresses of the cells of the set of the table of contents of the video data (TAD_YACH_NOV), the parameter containing the number of video objects in the set of the table of contents of the video objects (KOL_VOB_NOV) has the value "1". It is noted that KOL_VOB_NOV does not reflect the actual number of PSA in the set of video objects of a rewritable disc. This parameter is set to 1 when the PSA ID for all PSAs is set to “1”. All information blocks for a part of the cell in the set of the table of contents of the video data (ICH_NOV) have the same value ("1") for the identification number of the video object of the set of the table of contents of the video data (ID_VOB_NOV). Exactly 254 blocks of ICH_NOV are recorded, while IDN_VOB_NOV starts with "1" and receives successive increments up to "254" inclusive. The start address and end address of the cell fragment of the set of the table of contents of the video data (OVER_NEW and KAD_CHA_NOV) of the cell fragments that are not referenced by any processing center of the actual header contain the value (0000 0000h). It is noted that the fragments of the cell referred to by the PC of the table of contents of free space contain zero starting and ending addresses.

As for the map of the addresses of the elements of video objects of the set of the table of contents of the video data (KAD_EVOB_NOV), it should be noted that all the starting addresses of the elements of video objects (EVOB), which are completely contained in the NOBZ_VNOVD, are given here in increasing order. It is noted that the start addresses of the EVOB, which are part of the free space, are also included in the address map of the EVOB NEW.

Next, with reference to FIG. 5, the structure of the program chain information area (CPI) for the table of contents program chains is described. This structure includes the general information area for the program chain (OI-PC), the program chain command table (TKOM_PTs), the information table for reproducing the cell (TIVP_YACH) and the table of information about the cell position (TYPOL_YACH).

As for the general information for the program chain (OI-PC), it should be noted that exactly one of the flags of the presence in the table of control of the flow of audio data of the program chain (TUP_PAD_PC) is set to (1b). When the ith flag of presence is set, the set of parameters of the ith audio stream specified for this set of video data headers (NOV) is valid for this program chain (PC). The audio decoding stream number is always “0”.

The flag of the presence in the first field of the program chain stream of fragments of the image of the program chain (TUP_PFI_PTs), called the field of control of the flow of fragments of the image of the program chain (UP_PFI_PTs), is set to (1b).

All other bits of the program chain flow control fragment stream table (TUP_PFI_PC) contain the value (0b).

The program playback mode when controlling navigation in the program chain (UP_NAV_PTs) is set in accordance with sequential playback. The freeze frame time is set to "no freeze frame".

The command table of the PC (TKOM-PC) contains exactly three teams. According to this version of the technical specifications, only one command is actually used (for attaching headers), the other two teams are NOP commands ("empty" commands) (0000 0000h). Which command to use to bind the headers is defined in table 2.

TABLE 2
Teams in the CPI HRC associated with ... contains the command ... as... a valid table of contents, which is neither the last playlist nor the last full table of contents in TUP_O, LinkPGCN (NPC communication) for the next virtual table of contents trailing team a valid table of contents, which is the last playlist or the last full table of contents in TUP_Z, CallSS Table of Contents trailing team heading free space LinkPGCN (NPC communication) for the PC of the actual spelling table of contents advance team

Regarding the table of information for reproducing cells (TIVP_YACH): The cells are not part of the corner block and do not exist in the interleaved block.

Regarding the table of information about the position of cells (TI-POL_YACH): identification numbers of video objects of all cells in the processing center contain the value "1". It is noted that on DVD video discs, all PSA have the same PSV_IN.

It is permissible that the identification number of a cell with the "seamless" playback flag set in the information on reproducing the cell does not coincide with the identification number of the previous cell increased by 1.

Regarding presentation management information (IPM), it should be noted that when changing a playlist, you may need to split a cell into two new cells. In this case, all values of the total time of the cell PV_YACH in OI_UP in all fields of the IUP in the second cell must be updated.

The following are additional data fields according to the DVD video data format for read-only discs used to transfer stream attributes in real time.

The last 32 backup bytes of the general information from the information to control the presentation (OI_UP) are redefined in these specifications, as shown in table 3.

TABLE 3
Overriding fallback fields at the end of OI_UP Content Number of bytes spare spare 16 bytes (8) IR_OI_IUP Extension Information OI_UP 1 byte (9) ATR_V_RV Video Attributes 1 byte (10) ATR_PAD_RV Audio Stream Attributes 1 byte spare spare 13 bytes Total 32 bytes

IR_OI_IUP identifies the application and sets the extension length. If all bits in this byte are zero, then all bytes OI_IUP following this field will be zero:

B7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Application id Extension length

The application identifier contains the value (0001b) if the stream attributes defined in TU_INOV for a given NOV should be canceled by the stream attributes in real time. Otherwise, this identifier has a value of (0000b). The real-time flow attributes are valid from the start VI to the end of the EVOB end in which this field is contained.

The extension length determines the number of bytes for this extension following this field. This parameter must be set to (0010b) if the application identifier is set to (0001b). The extension length is (0000b) if the application identifier is (0000b).

ATR_B_RB describes the attributes of the video stream in real time.

B7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 TV image format reserve spare Original widescreen image spare Movie mode

The meaning of the fields is “television image format”, “original widescreen image” and “filming mode”, the interpretation of the specifications for DVD read-only discs.

ATR_PAD_RV describes the attributes of the audio data stream in real time:

B7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 reserve surround sound type reserve

The type of surround sound is specified in the DVD specification for a read-only disc. As for information for data search (SDI), it should be noted that all PSAs are distributed in consecutive blocks, and there are no angles.

As for the general information in the information for searching for data (OI_IPD), it should be noted that the identifier of the video object (ID BOB) is always 1. In addition, it is not required here that the cell identifiers in the video object monotonically increase from 1. For the identifier (ID) cells the following rules apply:

- The cell ID is the same in all EVOBs belonging to the same cell;

- cells that are used by the actual table of contents are uniquely identified by their cell IDs.

It is noted that changing the playlist may require that the cell be divided into two new cells. In this case, all values of the total time of the cell PV_YACH in OI_ IPD will be changed in all fields of the IPD in the second cell.

As for the video object, it is noted that from the beginning of the first PSA cell, an integer number of MPEG-2 program stream packets may be skipped if this cell is not used by any table of contents. The last PSA cell is a buffer cell.

It is noted that "seamless" compounds between PSA are excluded.

Only one audio stream is allowed in a PSA. The audio decoding stream number is “0”.

Only one stream of image fragments is allowed in the PSA. The number of the decoding stream of fragments of the image is equal to "0". The data for the element of the image fragment (EFI) is entirely contained in one EVOB. The validity period of the EFI should not begin before the EP of the beginning of the EVOB and should not end later than the EP of the end of the EVOB.

The DVD video data format for rewritable discs does not fully match the DVD video data format for read-only discs. The differences are (1) in the rules of data distribution and (2) some details of navigation data in real-time data streams.

The differences of the first type usually have no consequences for DVD-video players. In some cases, due to differences in the second type, the operation of DVD video playback devices with rewritable discs in special effects mode may not always be exactly the same as in the case of ROM disks. Manufacturers can increase the compatibility of DVD video players and rewritable discs by following the guidelines below.

In relation to the structures of the NLB:

For rewritable discs for DVD video data, some rules for data structures in video object sets are different from read-only disc rules. DVD-video recorders will play records on rewritable discs well when they are resistant to:

- inconsistent numbering of the PSA in the NOBS_ONOVD,

- inconsistent numbering of cells in the PSA,

- the presence of residues of partially overwritten cells or other unused data between the "active" cells,

- the amended rules for direct search pointers as defined below.

At the very least, it is necessary that the DVD-video recorders fill the correct direct pointer FWDI (n) for n≤M. The pointer lines FWDI (n) for M <n≤N contain the last correct value. For n> N, direct pointers point to the end of the current cell. The duration of a cell on a rewritable disc is usually 60 seconds.

This means that during direct searches, DVD-video players can rely on WDI pointers for lower speeds (2x, 4x, 8x). For higher speeds, the player can use long-range FWDI pointers, but in this case they point to the end of the current cell. If it is required to provide precisely defined fast search speeds, this speed can be adjusted by reading intermediate images (for example, using the FWDI pointer (6)) or by adjusting the image playback period.

Although the invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments thereof, it should be clear that these options are not limiting. Thus, various modifications of the invention are apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from its scope as defined by the claims. The invention can be implemented using both hardware and software, and such "tools" can be implemented in the same hardware sample. In addition, the invention lies in each new feature or combination of features. Also note that the word “comprising” does not exclude the presence of other elements or steps other than those listed in the claims. Any references do not limit the scope defined in the claims.

LIST OF REFERENCE DOCUMENTS

(D1) European Patent Application EP 724264.

(D2) US Patent No. 5784528.

(D3) ISO / IEC 13818-1: 1995 Information Technology - Generic Coding of moving pictures and associated audio information: Part 1: Systems (MPEG2-systems).

Claims (14)

1. A method of recording an encoded bit stream, wherein the encoded bit stream represents a plurality of video objects, each of which is a plurality of cells, wherein the video objects together represent part of the MPEG-2 program stream onto a disc-type recording medium, for example, an optical disk, according to which recording video objects, which are a sequence of cells written one after another, each cell in the video object containing a unique cell identification number; recording a reproduction sequence containing references to cell identification numbers, wherein the reproduction sequence corresponds to a reproduced program cell chain; recording navigation data in the aforementioned playback sequence, wherein the navigation data contains an end time of presentation of the respective video objects, characterized in that an empty cell is recorded at the end of the video object, the link to which is not in the playback sequence. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that they assign a unique identification number to an empty cell. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that they assign an identification number to an empty cell, which differs from the identification number of the previous cell. 4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the empty cell may not be completely filled. 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that said cell, video object, playback sequence and end time of the presentation correspond to the cell, video object (PSA), program chain (PC) and time of presentation of the end of the video data of the video object (VPR_R_VOB), corresponding to the Technical Conditions on DVD video data is read-only. 6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the empty cell includes only a video object element (EVOB) according to the specifications for video data in the DVD standard for read-only. 7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the empty cell includes only the navigation package (HB_PC) according to the Technical conditions for DVD video data for reading only. 8. A recording device for recording an encoded bitstream representing a plurality of video objects, each of which is a sequence of cells, wherein the video objects together form part of the MPEG-2 program stream onto a disc-type recording medium, for example, an optical disk, the recording device comprising means recording, configured to record a sequence of cells written one after another, each cell containing a unique cell identification number in the video object; a reproduction sequence containing links to cell identification numbers, wherein the reproduction sequence determines the reproduced program cell / navigation data chain in said reproduction sequence, wherein the navigation data comprises an end time of presentation of the respective video objects, characterized in that it comprises system control means configured to control recording means so that the recording means can write to the end of the form object empty cell, reference to which is absent in the playback sequence. 9. The recording device according to claim 8, characterized in that the system control means is configured to assign a unique identification number to an empty recording cell. 10. The recording device according to claim 8, characterized in that the system control means is configured to assign an identification number to an empty cell for recording, which differs from the identification number of the previous cell. 11. The recording device according to claim 10, characterized in that the system control means is configured to control the recording means for recording an empty cell, which may not be completely filled. 12. The recording device according to claim 11, characterized in that said cell, video object, playback sequence and end time of the presentation correspond to the cell, video object (PSA), program chain (PC) and time of presentation of the end of the video data of the video object (VP_R_VOB), corresponding to the Technical Conditions DVD video data is read only. 13. The recording device according to p. 12, characterized in that the empty cell includes only the element of the video object (EVOB) according to the Technical conditions for DVD video data for reading only. 14. The recording device according to item 13, wherein the empty cell includes only the navigation package (HB_PC) according to the Technical conditions for DVD video data for reading only.

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