RU2264248C2 - Plant for cleaning water by filtration (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: treatment of water; cleaning natural water by filtration for industrial and domestic purposes; treatment of waste water.

SUBSTANCE: proposed plant includes group of pressure filters with granular charge and pipe lines for delivery of water for cleaning, discharge of cleaned water and delivery of flushing water which are provided with shut-off fittings with drives, discharge of flushing water and first filtrate, manifolds for delivery of starting water for cleaning, discharge of cleaned water, delivery and discharge of flushing water and discharge of first filtrate and automatic control system. Pipe lines delivering water for cleaning and discharging cleaned water and first filtrate are provided with check valves and manifolds delivering starting water for cleaning and discharging cleaned water and first filtrate are provided with shut-off fittings with drives. Proposed plant may also include group of gravity-type filters with granular charge and units for delivery of water to be cleaned and discharge of flushing water, pipe lines and manifolds for delivery of water to be cleaned and discharge of cleaned water, delivery and discharge of flushing water and discharge of first filtrate with shut-off fittings with drives and automatic control system. Units for delivery of water to be cleaned and discharge of flushing water are combined and shut-off fittings with drives are mounted on manifold supplying water to be cleaned, on cleaned water discharge pipe lines and flushing water supply pipe lines, on flushing water supply and discharge manifolds and on cleaned water and first filtrate discharge manifolds. Proposed plant may be also provided with group of gravity-type filters with granular charge and units for delivery of water to be cleaned and discharge of flushing water, pipe lines and manifolds for delivery of water to be cleaned and discharge of cleaned water, delivery and discharge of flushing water and discharge of first filtrate, shut-off fittings with drives and automatic control unit; flushing water discharge unit is provided with water receiver whose upper edge is located above level of water being cleaned in filter; shut-off fittings with drives are mounted on manifold supplying water to be cleaned, on pipes lines discharging cleaned water and supplying flushing water, cleaned water discharge pipe lines and first filtrate discharge pipe line.

EFFECT: low cost of plant; simplified automatic control system; ease of mounting and servicing.

7 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The group of inventions relates to the field of water treatment and can be used in natural water purification systems by filtration using a granular load - clarification of water, iron removal and demanganization, sorption treatment for drinking, industrial and agricultural water supply, as well as for wastewater treatment.

Known clarification and sorption filters containing a housing, switchgears, granular loading, nozzles for input and output of working fluids and piping with hydraulic fittings for transferring the filter from filtering mode to regeneration of the filtering load and vice versa / Water treatment equipment and plants for thermal power plants and industrial energy. " Industry Directory 43-97. M.: TSNIITEI, 1998, pp. 7-10, pp. 13-14 /.

Modern installations and water treatment plants include from several units to dozens of filters (clarification, sorption). With a high content of pollutants in the treated water to ensure the required degree of water purification, the filters are connected in series, to increase productivity in parallel / Frog B.N., Levchenko A.P. Water treatment. M.: Publishing House of Moscow State University, 1996, p. 278, 392 /. At the same time, for the convenience of operation and automation of the filters, including the regeneration of the filter load, they are combined into groups of 3 (2) - 4 filters each.

Closest to the technical nature of the proposed is a water purification filtering unit containing a group of pressure filters with a granular charge and piping for switching workflows when transferring filters from filtering mode to filtering filter regeneration mode and vice versa, as well as collectors for supplying raw water for purification, removal of purified water, supply and removal of washing water and removal of the first filtrate and an automatic control system. The piping of the filters contains pipelines for supplying water for purification, removal of purified water, supply of washing water, removal of washing water and the first filtrate, on which shutoff valves (hydraulic shutoff devices) with a drive are installed / Zhivilova L.M., Maksimov V.V. Automation of water treatment plants and control of the water-chemical regime of thermal power plants. Reference manual. - M .: Energoatomizdat, 1986, p. 57-63 /.

The disadvantage of this installation is that for the output of filters for regeneration (switching work flows), a large number of hydraulic shut-off valves with a drive (valves, gate valves or dampers) are required - according to the number of input and exhaust work flows, which will complicate the installation of the installation and its automatic control system, as well as determines the high cost of installation.

The objective of the proposed technical solutions is to reduce the cost of the installation of water purification by filtration and simplify the system for its automatic control, installation and maintenance of the installation.

In this case, both pressure and non-pressure filters can be used.

The problem is solved due to the fact that, according to the first embodiment, in a water purification installation by filtration, containing a group of pressure filters with granular loading and piping with pipelines for supplying water for purification, for discharging purified water, for flushing water with shut-off valves with actuators, for flushing water and the first filtrate, collectors for supplying raw water for purification, for the removal of purified water, for supplying and discharging washing water and for removing the first filtrate, and an automatic control system, pipe the wires for supplying water for purification, drainage of purified water, drainage of washing water and the first filtrate are equipped with check valves, and the collectors for supplying raw water for purification, drainage of purified water and the first filtrate are equipped with shut-off valves with a drive, and the installation can also be equipped with a supply pipe compressed air with shut-off valves with a drive connected to a manifold for supplying flushing water.

According to a second embodiment, in a filtration water treatment plant comprising a group of filters with a granular charge and units for supplying treated and removal of washing water, pipelines and collectors for supplying purified and removal of purified water, supply and removal of washing water and removal of the first filtrate, shut-off valves with actuator and automatic control system, filters are pressure-free, the nodes of the supply of cleaned and the discharge of washing water are combined, and the shut-off valves with the drive are installed on the collector of the eye supply cleaned water, pipelines of the outlet of purified water and the supply of washing water, on the collectors of the supply and discharge of washing water and on the collectors of the drain of purified water and the first filtrate, while the installation can be equipped with a compressed air supply pipe with shut-off valves with a drive connected to the flush supply manifold water.

According to a third embodiment, in a filtration water treatment plant comprising a group of filters with a granular charge and units for supplying treated and removal of washing water, pipelines and collectors for supplying purified and removal of purified water, supply and removal of washing water and removal of the first filtrate, shut-off valves with actuator and automatic control system, filters are pressure-free, the wash water drainage unit contains a catchment device, the upper edge of which is located above the level of water being treated in filter in filtration mode, and shut-off valves with a drive installed on the manifold for supplying purified water, pipelines for discharging purified water and supplying flushing water, on the collectors for supplying flushing water, draining purified water and discharging the first filtrate, while the installation can be equipped with a compressed air supply pipe with shutoff valves with a drive connected to the rinse water inlet manifold, and a drainage tray can be used as a rinse water outlet collector.

The group of inventions is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows the technological scheme of the installation for water purification by filtration for a group of pressure filters; figure 2 - technological scheme of the installation for water purification by filtration for a group of pressureless filters with combined nodes for supplying cleaned and removal of washing water; figure 3 - flow chart of the installation for water purification by filtration for a group of pressureless filters with separately made nodes for supplying cleaned and removal of washing water.

Installation of water purification by filtration (figure 1) contains a group of parallel installed identical pressure (closed) filters 1 (a, b, c) with a heavy granular load (quartz or expanded clay sand, sorption filter material, etc.) 2 (a, b, c), upper 3 (a, b, c) and lower 4 (a, b, c) switchgears and piping containing pipelines for supplying water for treatment 5 (a, b, c), equipped with check valves 6 (a, b, c); pipelines for the removal of purified water (filtrate) 7 (a, b, c), equipped with check valves 8 (a, b, c); wash water supply pipelines 9 (a, b, c) equipped with shutoff valves with a drive 10 (a, b, c); pipelines for drainage of washing water 11 (a, b, c) and pipelines for drainage of the first filtrate 12 (a, b, c), equipped with check valves 13 (a, b, c). Pipelines for supplying water for treatment 5 (a, b, c) are connected to a collector for supplying raw water for treatment 14, equipped with a valve with an actuator 15; pipelines for the removal of purified water (filtrate) 7 (a, b, c) are connected to the collector for the removal of purified water 16, equipped with a valve with a drive 17; wash water supply pipelines 9 (a, b, c) are connected to a wash water supply manifold 18; the wash water discharge pipelines 11 (a, b, c) are connected to the wash water drain manifold 19 provided with a valve with an actuator 20, and the first filtrate discharge pipelines 12 (a, b, c) are connected to the drain manifold of the first filtrate 21 equipped with a valve with the drive 22. The manifold of the supply of washing water is connected to the pipeline for supplying compressed air 23 with a shut-off valve mounted on it with a drive 24. On the manifold of washing water 18 and the pipeline for supplying compressed air 23 are installed shut-off (control) valves 25 and 26, respectively of course. The automatic control system (not shown in the drawing) contains a software device for transferring the installation from the filtering mode to the filtering bag regeneration mode and an automatic control device for all stages of regeneration.

Installation of water purification by filtration (figure 1) works as follows. In the filtering mode, the purified source water is fed into the filters 1 (a, b, c) through the collector of the source of water for treatment 14 through a valve with actuator 15, through the pipelines of water supply for treatment 5 (a, b, c) with the return pipes installed on them valves 6 (a, b, c) and through the upper switchgear 3 (a, b, c), cleaned by filtering through a granular charge 2 (a, b, c) and divert through the lower switchgear 4 (a, b, c ) through pipelines for discharging purified water 7 (a, b, c) with check valves 8 (a, b, c) to the collector of purified water 16 and through the back vizhka with a drive 17 served to the consumer (taken into the tank of purified water). All other valves with the actuator are closed.

The installation is transferred to the regeneration mode using remote or automatic control according to a given program.

To put the unit into the regeneration mode of the filter load, close the valve with the actuator 15 on the collector of the source water for treatment 14 and the valve with the actuator 17 on the collector of the purified water 16. The first stage of regeneration is the loosening washing sequentially on each filter: the washing water is supplied through the collector rinse water supply 18, opening in turn for the time of loosening of the valve with actuator 10 (a, b, c) on the pipelines for supplying rinse water 9 (a, b, c) to the filters. In this case, the washing water is fed into the washed filter in the direction from the bottom up through the lower distribution device 4 (a, b, c) and is discharged through the upper distribution device 3 (a, b, c) of the filter 1 (a, b, c) through the discharge pipelines rinse water 11 (a, b, c) to the collector of the drain of the wash water 19 and through the valve with the actuator 20 to discharge (into the sewer, the tank of wash water, etc.). In this case, check valves 6 (a, b, c), 8 (a, b, c) and 13 (a, b, c) prevent water from entering the washed filter through piping pipelines and collectors into other filters that are in standby mode, and through them to the discharge, which would violate the washing regime.

Upon completion of the loosening washing of the last filter, the loading is washed (discharge of the first filtrate) of all filters simultaneously, supplying the source water according to the filtering scheme: through the valve with actuator 15, through the collector for supplying the source water for treatment 14 and the water supply pipelines for cleaning 5 (a, b , c) through check valves 6 (a, b, c) with closed valves with a drive for supplying washing water to filters 10 (a, b, c) and for removing washing water 20. In this case, a valve with actuator 17 on the header of the purified water outlet (filtrate) 16 remains closed Health and then the filtrate is directed to resetting (into the sewer, reservoir) of the first filtrate outlet pipes 12 (a, b, c) and the first filtrate outlet manifold 21, opening the valve with the actuator 22.

When using a combined water-air flushing, air is supplied according to a predetermined flushing program through a pipe 23 through a valve with an actuator 24. The valves 25 and 26 serve to set the flushing water and air flow required during flushing (if the automatic control system for flushing medium flow is not used).

The proposed technical solution allows to simplify the installation, operation and automatic control system of the installation by reducing the number of valves with a drive while reducing its cost.

Installation of water purification by filtration (figure 2) contains a group of parallel connected pressureless (open) filters 1 (a, b, c) with a heavy granular load (quartz or expanded clay sand, hydroanthracite, sorbent, etc.) 2 (a, b, c ), the lower distribution system 4 (a, b, c), the node for supplying purified water combined with the node for draining the wash water 27 (a, b, c) and made in the form of a side pocket, the drainage device for the node for washing the wash water, made in the form gutters 28 (a, b, c), water supply pipelines for cleaning 5 (a, b, c), drain pipelines purified water (filtrate) aligned with conduits for supplying rinsing water 7 (a, b, c) provided with electric valves 10 (a, b, c); pipelines for the removal of washing water 11 (a, b, c). Pipelines for supplying water for cleaning 5 (a, b, c) are connected to a collector for supplying purified water 14, equipped with a valve with an actuator 15; pipelines 7 (a, b, c) are connected to the collector of the filtrate outlet, the first filtrate and the supply of washing water 18, equipped with a valve with a drive 17 for removing purified water (into a clean water tank), a valve with a drive 22 for removing the first filtrate for discharge and a valve with an actuator 29 for supplying flushing water; the washing water discharge pipelines 11 (a, b, c) are connected to the washing water drain manifold 19 provided with a valve with a drive 20. When using a combined water-air washing, the installation contains a compressed air pipe 23 with a valve with a drive 24 connected to the washing water supply manifold 18 Valves 25 and 26 are used to control the flow rate of flushing media.

The automatic control system (not shown in the drawing) contains a water level regulator in the filters and a software device for transferring the installation from the filtering mode to the regeneration mode and carrying out all stages of regeneration.

Installation of water purification by filtration (figure 2) works as follows. In the filtering mode, the purified water is fed into the filters 1 (a, b, c) through the manifold of the supply of purified water 14 through a valve with an actuator 15 through the pipelines of water supply for treatment 5 (a, b, c) through the supply of purified water 27 (a, b, c), cleaned by filtering through a granular charge 2 (a, b, c) and discharge through the lower switchgear 4 (a, b, c), a valve with an actuator 10 (a, b, c) through pipelines 7 (a , b, c) into the manifold 18 and through the valve with the actuator 17 into the reservoir of clean water (or served to the consumer using a pump). All other valves with the actuator are closed. The water level in the filters is maintained using an automatic regulator (not shown in the diagram), including a sensor (s) for the water level in the filters and acting on the valve with the filtrate drain actuator 17 (filtrate drain pump) or the valve with the purified water supply 15.

To put the unit into the regeneration mode of the filter load, close the valve 15 on the collector for the supply of purified water 14 and the valve with the drive 17 of the filtrate discharge on the collector 18 and open the valve with the drive for supplying the washing water 29 (when using the washing pump, turn it on). The first stage of regeneration - loosening flushing is carried out sequentially on each filter: flushing water is supplied through the manifold 18 and through the valve with actuator 29, opening the valve with actuator 10 (a, b, c) in succession for pipelines 7 (a, b, c) ) In this case, the washing water is fed into the washed filter in the direction from the bottom up through the switchgear 4 (a, b, c) and is discharged through the drainage device 28 (a, b, c) and the washing water outlet (side pocket) 27 (a, b , c) through the pipelines for draining the wash water 11 (a, b, c) to the collector for draining the wash water 19 and through the valve with the actuator 20 for discharge (into the sewer, wash water tank, etc.).

Upon completion of the loosening washing of the last filter, the loading is washed (discharge of the first filtrate) of all filters simultaneously, supplying the source water according to the filtering scheme: through the valve with the drive 15 of the collector for supplying purified water 14, water supply pipelines for cleaning 5 (a, b, c) at closed valves with a drive for supplying washing water 29 and a drain of washing water 20. At the same time, a valve with a drive 17 for removing the filtrate (purified water) remains closed, and the filtrate is sent to a discharge (into the sewer, tank), opening the back HCS drive 22 of the first filtrate outlet.

When using the combined water-air washing method, compressed air is supplied according to a predetermined washing program through a pipe 23 through a valve with an actuator 24 to the manifold 18. The valves 25 and 26 are used to set the flow rate of washing water and air required during washing.

The proposed technical solution allows to simplify the installation, operation and automatic control system of the installation, while reducing its cost, by reducing the number of valves with a drive and pipelines.

Installation of water purification by filtration (figure 3) contains a group of parallel connected pressureless (open) filters 1 (a, b, c) with a heavy granular load (quartz or expanded clay sand, hydroanthracite, sorbent, etc.) 2 (a, b, c ), the lower distribution system 4 (a, b, c), the node for supplying the treated water 27 (a, b, c) and the node for draining the washing water 30 (a, b, c) with a drainage device, the upper edge of which is located above the level of the water in the filter in filtration mode, pipelines for the supply of purified water 5 (a, b, c), pipelines for the discharge of purified water (filtrate) and supply of washing water 7 (a, b, c) equipped with valves with electric drive 10 (a, b, c); pipelines for the removal of washing water 11 (a, b, c).

The drainage device can be made in the form of a funnel (cylindrical filters), trough or tray (filters of rectangular cross section). The upper edge of the drainage device is located above the level of the water to be treated in the filter in the filtration mode, which is set by the position of the water level sensor in the filter or by setting the level regulator (not shown in the diagram), which prevents overflow of the treated water from the filter into the sewer.

Pipelines for supplying water for cleaning 5 (a, b, c) are connected to a collector for supplying purified water 14, equipped with a valve with an actuator 15; pipelines 7 (a, b, c) are connected to a collector for discharging purified water (filtrate) and a supply of flushing water 18, equipped with a valve with a drive 17 for discharging purified water (into a clean water tank), a valve with a drive 22 for discharging the first filtrate for discharge and a valve with an actuator 29 for supplying flushing water; the wash water discharge pipelines 11 (a, b, c) are connected to the wash water drain manifold 19, which can be used as a drainage channel. When using a combined water-air flushing, the installation comprises a compressed air pipe 23 with a valve with a drive 24 connected to a flushing water supply manifold.

Gate valves 25 and 26 are used to control the flow of flushing media.

The automatic control system (not shown in the drawing) contains a program-logic device for transferring the installation from filtering mode to regeneration mode and carrying out all stages of regeneration, providing, according to a given program, switching on (shutting down) flushing pumps and opening (closing) valves with a drive.

Installation of water purification by filtration (figure 3) works as follows. In the filtering mode, the purified water is fed into the filters 1 (a, b, c) through the manifold of the supply of purified water 14 through a valve with an actuator 15 through the pipelines of water supply for treatment 5 (a, b, c) through the supply of purified water 27 (a, b, c), cleaned by filtering through a granular charge 2 (a, b, c) and discharge through the lower switchgear 4 (a, b, c), a valve with an actuator 10 (a, b, c) through pipelines 7 (a , b, c) into the collector for the removal of purified water 18 and through a valve with an actuator 17 into the clean water tank (or by means of a pump it is supplied to the consumer). All other valves with the actuator are closed. In the filtering mode, the water level in the filters is maintained below the upper edge of the drainage device of the washing water drainage unit using an automatic controller (not shown in the diagram), including a sensor (s) for the water level in the filters and acting on the valve with the drive 17 for the removal of purified water (filtrate) (filtrate discharge pump) or valve with actuator 15 of the treated water supply manifold 14.

To put the unit into the regeneration mode of the filter load, close the valve with the actuator 15 on the manifold for supplying purified water 14 and the valve with the actuator 17 for discharging purified water (filtrate) on the manifold 18 and open the valve with the actuator 29 on the manifold for supplying the washing water (when using the washing pump, and him). The first stage of regeneration - loosening flushing is carried out sequentially on each filter: flushing water is supplied through collector 18 and through the valve 29, opening the valves with the actuator 10 (a, b, c) alternately for the time of loosening on the pipelines 7 (a, b, c) . In this case, the wash water is fed into the wash filter from the bottom up through the switchgear 4 (a, b, c) and is discharged through the drainage unit of the wash water outlet 30 (a, b, c) through the wash water discharge pipelines 11 (a, b , c) directly into the drainage tray or into the collector for the removal of wash water 19 for discharge (into the sewer, wash water tank, etc.).

Upon completion of the loosening washing of the last filter, the loading is washed (discharge of the first filtrate) of all filters simultaneously, supplying the source water according to the filtering scheme: through the valve with the drive 15 of the collector for supplying purified water 14, pipelines 5 (a, b, c) with the valve closed with the drive rinse water supply 29. In this case, the valve with the drive 17 of the discharge of purified water (filtrate) remains closed, and the filtrate is sent to the discharge (into the sewer, reservoir), opening the valve with the drive 22 of the drain manifold of the first filter ta.

When applying the combined water-air washing method, compressed air is supplied according to a predetermined washing program through a pipe 23 through a valve with an actuator 24. The valves 25 and 26 serve to set the washing water and air flow required during washing.

The proposed technical solution allows to simplify the installation, operation and automatic control system of the installation by reducing the cost of installation by reducing the number of valves with a drive, piping and fittings.

Claims (7)

1. Installation of water purification by filtration, containing a group of pressure filters with granular loading and piping with pipelines for supplying water for purification, removal of purified water, supply of washing water with shut-off valves with a drive, removal of washing water and the first filtrate, collectors for supplying raw water for cleaning , drainage of purified water, inlet and outlet of washing water and drainage of the first filtrate and an automatic control system, characterized in that the pipelines for supplying water for treatment, drainage of purified water and first iltrata provided with check valves, and the initial water supply for cleaning sewers, drainage of purified water and the first filtrate isolation valves are provided with a drive. 2. Installation of water purification by filtration according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a compressed air supply pipe with shut-off valves with a drive connected to a manifold for supplying washing water. 3. Installation of water purification by filtration, containing a group of filters with granular loading and nodes for supplying treated and removal of washing water, pipelines and collectors for supplying purified and removal of purified water, supply and removal of washing water and removal of the first filtrate, shut-off valves with actuator and automatic control system , characterized in that the filters are pressure-free, the nodes of the supply of the cleaned and the discharge of washing water are combined, and the shut-off valves with the drive are installed on the manifold of the supply of purified water, oprovodah cleaned-water draining and supplying washing water to the collectors for supplying and discharging washing water and at the collectors of withdrawal of the purified water and the first filtrate. 4. Installation of water purification by filtration according to claim 3, characterized in that it is equipped with a compressed air supply pipe with shut-off valves with a drive connected to a flush water supply manifold. 5. Installation of water purification by filtration, containing a group of filters with granular loading and nodes for supplying treated and removal of washing water, pipelines and collectors for supplying purified and removal of purified water, supply and removal of washing water and removal of the first filtrate, shut-off valves with actuator and automatic control system characterized in that the filters are pressure-free, the wash water outlet contains a catchment device, the upper edge of which is located above the level of the water to be treated in the filter in the mode filtration, and shut-off valves with a drive are installed on the manifold for supplying purified water, pipelines for discharging purified water and supplying flushing water, on the collectors for supplying flushing water, draining purified water and draining the first filtrate. 6. Installation of water purification by filtration according to claim 5, characterized in that it is equipped with a compressed air supply pipe with shut-off valves with a drive connected to a flush water supply manifold. 7. Installation of water purification by filtration according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that a drainage tray is used as a collector for draining the wash water.

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