RU2263238C2 - Adjustable single-tube gas-filled shock absorber - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport engineering; vehicle suspensions.

SUBSTANCE: proposed adjustable single-tube gas-filled shock absorber contains cylinder, rod, piston fixed on rod, hydraulic space of cylinder filled with working liquid and divided by piston into upper and lower parts, and bypass connecting upper and lower parts of cylinder hydraulic space. Shock absorber is furnished with piston travel inductive pickup made in form of upper and lower windings placed in cylinder and connected with shock absorber resistance control device, dc/high-frequency ac voltage automatic converter connected with shock absorber resistance control device and rectifier connected with piezoelectric element installed in bypass to change its capacity.

EFFECT: dispensing with flexible valve element, enlarged control range of shock absorber characteristics, simplified adjusting device.

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Description

The invention relates to transport machinery, namely to the suspension of vehicles.

An analogue of the claimed invention is a single-tube gas-filled shock absorber [1] containing a cylinder, a guide sleeve, a rod, a piston fixedly mounted on it and a hydraulic cavity filled with a working fluid and divided by a piston into the upper and lower parts, as well as a gas cavity and a separator that separates it from hydraulic cavity. Valves with elastic elements are installed in the piston.

The parameters of the elastic elements uniquely determine the characteristic of the resistances (the dependence of the resistance forces on the speed of movement of the piston) of the shock absorber, as a result of which the analog design allows only one such characteristic to be realized.

The values of the resistance forces of the shock absorber with valves based on elastic elements have a tolerance field. In this regard, the actual resistance forces may differ from their nominal values.

In addition, the resistance forces of the analog during operation decrease with time due to a decrease in the stiffness of the elastic elements.

The prototype of the claimed invention is an adjustable shock absorber [2] containing a cylinder, piston, rod, hydraulic cavity filled with a working fluid and divided by a piston into two parts, as well as a bypass with two adjustable valves consisting of an electromagnet and a spool.

The design of the prototype partially eliminates the disadvantages inherent in the analogue. By turning on one of the magnets, turning on the two magnets together or turning them off, one of the four bypass throughput values is set. By varying this value, a change in the characteristics of the shock absorber resistances is achieved.

However, in the prototype, as in the analogue, there is an elastic valve element, and the ability to receive only four values of the bypass capacity limits the number of realized characteristics of the shock absorber resistance to four types. Moreover, the valve parts of these characteristics are equidistant, that is, uniform. In addition, the control device is characterized by increased complexity: it consists of two mechanisms, each of which contains a drive in the form of an electromagnet and a control element - a spool.

An object of the invention is the exclusion of the elastic valve element, the expansion of the range of regulation of the characteristics of the shock absorber and the simplification of the regulatory device.

The technical problem is solved in that an adjustable single-tube gas-filled shock absorber comprising a cylinder, a rod, a piston fixedly mounted on it, a hydraulic cylinder cavity filled with a working fluid and divided by a piston into the upper and lower parts, and a bypass connecting the upper and lower parts of the hydraulic cylinder cavity, equipped with an inductive piston displacement sensor, made in the form of upper and lower windings located in the cylinder and connected to a shock absorber resistance control device, auto reobrazovatelem DC to AC high frequency coupled with the damper control device resistance and a rectifier connected to the piezoelectric element, installed in a bypass to change its bandwidth.

These differences allow you to implement in the shock absorber many characteristics of resistance, limited by its energy intensity.

The figure 1 shows a General view of an adjustable shock absorber, and figure 2 - its structural electrical circuit.

The adjustable single-tube gas-filled shock absorber comprises a cylinder 1 (Fig. 1), a guide sleeve 2, a rod 3, a piston 4 fixedly mounted thereon, having a magnetic field, a hydraulic cavity 5 of cylinder 1 filled with a working fluid and divided by a piston 4 into upper and lower parts, as well as a gas cavity 6 and a separator 7, isolating it from the hydraulic cavity 5. Its two parts are interconnected by bypass 8 and slots in the cylinder 1. In bypass 8 there is a piezoelectric element 9 made in the form of a ring and mounted on a nut 10 isolating the bypass 8 from the environment.

The upper and lower windings 11 constituting an inductive sensor for displacing the piston 4 are placed in the cylinder 1. Both windings 11 (Fig. 2) are connected to a shock absorber resistance control device 12, and it is connected to an autoconverter 13 of a direct voltage to an alternating high frequency. The autoconverter is connected to the rectifier 14, and the one with the piezoelectric element 9.

The shock absorber works as follows.

When the piston 4 is stationary, the pressures in both parts of the hydraulic cavity 5 (Fig. 1) are equal, the potential difference on the displacement sensor of the piston 4, consisting of two inductive windings 11, is zero. The control signal is absent, the autoconverter 13 (figure 2) generates an alternating voltage of the highest frequency. With this frequency value, the constant voltage at the output of the rectifier 14 is maximum, the height of the ring (piezoelectric element) 9 is the largest, and the bypass throughput 8 is minimal.

When compressed, the piston 4 (Fig. 1) begins to move downward, as a result of which the working fluid flows from the lower part of the hydraulic cavity 5 of the cylinder to the upper part by bypass 8.

Due to the moving magnetic field of the piston 4 on the lower winding 11 of the inductive sensor of its displacement, a positive potential is created. Its value is proportional to the speed of movement of the piston 4. The positive sign of the potential on the lower winding 11 serves as a control device 12 (figure 2) of the shock absorber resistance to generate the impact on the implementation of the compression branch on a given characteristic of the shock absorber resistances. The shock absorber resistance control device 12 generates this effect and sends it to the auto-converter 13. It reduces the frequency of the high voltage, as a result of which a constant voltage of a value lower than that with the stationary piston appears at the output of the rectifier 14. The height of the ring (piezoelectric element) 9 decreases, and the capacity of the bypass 8 increases to a value that creates compression resistance with a force that is regulated for the specific piston speed during compression by the program of the implemented characteristic.

When rebound, the piston 4 (figure 1) begins to move upward, as a result of which the working fluid flows from the upper part of the hydraulic cavity 5 of the cylinder to the lower part by bypass 8.

Due to the moving magnetic field of the piston 4, a positive potential is created on the upper winding 11 of the inductive displacement sensor. Its value is proportional to the speed of movement of the piston 4. The positive sign of the potential on the lower winding 11 serves as a control device 12 (figure 2) of the shock absorber resistance to generate impact on the implementation of the rebound branch on a given characteristic of the shock resistance. The control device generates this effect and sends it to the auto-converter 13. It reduces the frequency of the high voltage, as a result of which a constant voltage of a value lower than with the stationary piston appears at the output of the rectifier 14. The height of the ring (piezoelectric element) 9 is reduced, and the bypass throughput 8 is increased to a value that creates resistance to rebound with a force that is regulated by the program of the implemented characteristic for a specific piston speed during rebound.

Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the claimed device is characterized in that the basis of its design and operation is the presence of an inductive piston displacement transducer made in the form of upper and lower windings located in the cylinder and connected to a shock absorber resistance control device, DC / AC converter high frequency connected to the control device of the resistance of the shock absorber and the rectifier connected to the piezoelectric element is installed th in the bypass to change its capacity.

The above signs allow us to conclude that the claimed invention meets the criterion of "novelty."

Existing mechanical engineering technologies and the materials used in it make it possible to organize industrial production and equipping of vehicles with adjustable single-tube gas-filled shock absorbers.

Information Sources Used

1. GB patent No. 1239627, cl. F 16 F 9/08, published September 25, 1969 (analogue).

2. Application DE No. 4336950 A1, CL 60 G 17/08, published October 29, 1993 (prototype).

Claims (1)

An adjustable single-tube gas-filled shock absorber comprising a cylinder, a rod, a piston fixedly mounted on it, a hydraulic cylinder cavity filled with a working fluid and divided by a piston into upper and lower parts, and a bypass connecting the upper and lower parts of the hydraulic cylinder cavity, characterized in that it is equipped an inductive piston displacement transducer made in the form of upper and lower windings located in the cylinder and connected to a shock absorber resistance control device, will automatically convert dc voltage to high frequency alternating voltage connected to a shock absorber resistance control device and a rectifier connected to a piezoelectric element installed in the bypass to change its throughput.

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