RU2263226C2 - Hydropneumatic drive with summary rotation torque - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; energy converters.

SUBSTANCE: proposed drive is designed for converting compressed air energy into mechanical rotation and it can be used as reduction gear. Device contains fan set into rotation by motor, tank with inner space filled with water, wheel with supports and buckets arranged below water level and provided with flow-out channels, and spool with movable ring and fixed plate. Holes are made on side of buckets and in movable ring of spool to fill buckets with water and air. Holes are made in fixed plate to deliver air into buckets from fan along air ducts. Partitions and braces can be made inside buckets. Drive can be furnished with baffle screen, and can be taken for fan overwater part of tank space.

EFFECT: provision of effective and reliable operation.

4 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hydropower, in particular to hydraulic drives using the buoyancy of water.

Known air-water engine, which can be used as a drive, containing a support with an impeller mounted on it on a horizontal axis, on the rim of which there are chambers communicating with each other by means of hollow spokes, the engine is equipped with a compressor with spools, arcs and stops fixed to the support wherein the rim is made in the form of tubular axes with an outer rectangular plate, and the chambers are in the form of enclosing axes and plate bodies, the side walls of which are open cylinders, end faces whose flanges are mounted on bearings ensuring rotation of the chambers (See patent of the Russian Federation No. 2103544C1, IPC 6 F 03 17/02, 01/27/1998). However, this device has movable chambers and partitions, which creates large hydraulic and mechanical losses and reduces reliability.

The objective of the invention is to create a hydraulic drive that provides torque with low hydraulic and mechanical losses, using, in addition to the ascent force, the reactive force of the outflow of water from the ladles, which simplifies the design, provides increased reliability and efficiency in operation and allows it to be used as a gearbox.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the hydraulic air drive contains a fan driven by a motor, a tank with an internal cavity filled with water, a wheel with supports and buckets having reactive flow channels submerged below the water level, and a spool with a movable ring and a fixed plate, on the sides of the buckets and in the movable ring of the spool, holes are made for filling the buckets with water and air, and in the fixed plate there are holes for supplying air to the buckets from the fan through ductwork. To achieve the mechanical strength of the buckets, partitions and couplers are made inside. A baffle plate mounted at the bottom of the tank does not allow water to rotate.

The invention is illustrated by graphic materials, where in Fig.1 shows a General view of the hydraulic drive (in section), and Fig.2 is a view in plan.

The hydraulic actuator contains a tank 1, in which the impeller 2 with buckets (tanks) 3 is placed, on the sides of which holes 4 are made with a movable spool ring 5, through which inside the buckets 3 through the hole 6 of the fixed plate of the spool 7 and air ducts 8 from the compressor (fan) 9 can be supplied with compressed air. The fan 9 is driven into rotation by the motor 10, providing the necessary amount of air and pressure to push water out of the buckets 3. The outflow (outlet) channels of water 11 from the buckets 3 are jet nozzles located on the circumference of the wheel 2. Plates 5 and 7 and holes 4 and 6 spools are designed to supply and hold air in buckets 3 during their ascent. When immersed, the wheel 2 is held by the supports 12 of the upper or any mount.

The drive also contains a shaft 13 (figure 2) for selecting torque and air ducts 8 extending beyond the walls of the tank 1.

Partitions 14 and couplers 15 located inside the buckets 3 give the necessary strength to the device. Dotted line 16 indicates the possible water level required for the drive to operate.

The drive operates as follows. The motor 10, rotating the fan 9, supplies compressed air through the air ducts 8 to the holes 6 of the fixed plate of the spool 7. When the hole 4 of any of the buckets 3 coincides with the hole 6 (position I and II), the air rushing into the “tilted” bucket 3 starts displace water along arrows 18, creating a reactive force that pushes the wheel along arrow 17. At positions II, III, and IV, air makes the buckets 3 lighter than water and the buoyant buoyancy force begins to act on them. In positions III and IV, the maximum buoyancy force acts on the buckets 3. At position V in the direction of arrow 20, air begins to escape from buckets 3, and through holes 4 opening with a spool 7, water fills the bucket 3. At positions VI, VII and VIII, buckets 3 are completely filled with water, making them ready for the next working cycle. The centrifugal forces arising during rotation additionally push water out of the buckets 3 through the outflow channels 11. The baffle plate 21 directs the movement of water along the rotation of the wheel, reducing hydraulic resistance.

The total torque on the shaft 13 of the wheel 2 at any moment of rotation consists of buoyancy forces acting simultaneously on the buckets 3 located in positions II, III, IV and partially V, as well as the reactive forces that occur when water flows from the buckets 3, located in positions I, II and partially VIII.

The internal volume of the buckets should provide air expansion when they rise to the surface without its expiration. For example, if the lifting force of each bucket is calculated per 1 ton (1 m / cu.), Then the volume of the bucket 3 should contain at least 1.5 m ³ . water.

The flow channels 11 provide a quick displacement of the estimated volume of water from the bucket 3 in a short period of time (no more than 1 second), providing the power of reactive traction and the rapid filling of buckets 3 with air. Small arrows indicate pressure and reaction forces. The fixed plate 7 of the spool is attached to the support 12.

To maintain the water level, the air intake by the fan 9 is carried out from the internal, surface cavity of the tank 1, thereby creating an additional vacuum above the water, which accelerates the filling of the buckets 3 with air and the expiration reaction. A hydraulic air drive can be used where high torque and low revs are required, which replaces expensive gearboxes.

Claims (4)

1. A hydraulic air drive comprising a fan driven by a motor, a tank with an internal cavity filled with water, a wheel with supports and buckets having flow channels submerged below the water level, and a spool with a movable ring and a fixed plate, while on the sides of the buckets and in the movable ring of the spool, holes are made for filling the buckets with water and air, and in the fixed plate, holes are made for supplying air to the buckets from the fan through the air ducts. 2. The drive according to claim 1, characterized in that inside the buckets there are partitions and couplers. 3. The drive according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a baffle screen. 4. The drive according to claim 1, characterized in that the fence for the fan is made from the surface of the tank cavity.

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