RU2263214C2 - Device for prestarting lubrication of parts of internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; internal combustion engines.

SUBSTANCE: proposed device contains oil sump (crankcase), oil pump, hydraulic accumulator with housing and piston with rod, vacuum drive of hydraulic accumulator, hydraulic accumulator vacuum drive control pickup, electromagnetic, check and reducing valves. Rod of piston of hydraulic accumulator has free end and through hole along longitudinal axis to pass steam of vacuum drive shifted by diaphragm. Diameter of hole is larger than outer diameter of steam. Cavity for stem-stop is made on outer surface of rod. Surface of rod from cavity to free end is made in form of truncated cone whose smaller base is located on free end of rod. Through holes and stops are made on inner surface of housing of hydraulic accumulator. With stem-stop in cavity of piston rod, overpiston and underpiston spaces of hydraulic accumulator are connected through holes in housing with inner space of sump (crankcase) of engine. Guide is provided for straightline displacement of rod on one end of which stop in made over perimeter.

EFFECT: improved efficiency of operation of device irrespectively of duration of engine idling.

3 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used in lubrication systems of internal combustion engines (ICE).

A device for starting lubrication of parts of an internal combustion engine is known, comprising a sump (sump), an oil pump, a hydraulic accumulator having a body and a piston with a rod, a vacuum accumulator piston drive, a vacuum drive control sensor, air pipes, oil pipes, an electromagnetic valve, pressure reducing and non-return valves ( V.A. Lobanov and N.P. Martynyuk, Lubrication Systems for Internal Combustion Engines (Overview), Series: Power Engineering, Moscow, NPO Poisk, 1992, pp. 48-49).

The known device is taken as a prototype.

A disadvantage of the known device is that the oil in the over-piston space of the accumulator, when the engine is off, is stored (until the next start of the engine) under excessive pressure, which is accompanied by oil leaks during prolonged downtime in the idle state of the engine, as well as in isolation of a given volume of oil from oil, located in the pan (crankcase).

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the device, regardless of the idle time of the engine until their next launch.

This object is achieved by the fact that in the device for starting lubrication of engine parts containing a sump (oil sump), an oil pump, a hydraulic accumulator having a housing and a piston with a rod, a vacuum accumulator piston drive, a vacuum drive control sensor, air pipes, oil lines, an electromagnetic valve, a pressure reducing valve and check valves, the piston rod of the accumulator has a free end and a through hole along the longitudinal axis for passage of the rod moved by the diaphragm, and the diameter of the hole is larger externally about the diameter of the rod, a recess for the stopper rod is made on the outer surface of the rod, and the rod surface from the recess to the free end is made in the form of a truncated cone, the small base of which is located on the free end of the rod, and through holes and stops are made on the inner surface of the accumulator .

In addition, when the stopper rod is located in the piston rod recess, the over-piston space and the under-piston space of the hydraulic accumulator are connected through the through holes in the hydraulic accumulator housing to the internal space of the engine sump (crankcase).

The device comprises a guide providing linear movement of the rod, at one end of which a stop is made around the perimeter.

The technical result is achieved due to:

prevent oil leakage from the over-piston space of the accumulator when setting the internal combustion engine for a long shelf life;

instant increase in oil pressure in the over-piston space of the hydraulic accumulator at the time of the start of the starting lubrication process of the friction engine ICE friction;

the possibility of creating (without additional energy costs) the oil pressure at the outlet of the accumulator, which is more significant than the oil pressure recommended by the manufacturer for a heated internal combustion engine;

the location of the accumulator inside the sump (crankcase) is below the minimum oil level.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, where

figure 1 shows the location of the device for pre-lubrication of parts in the pan (crankcase) of the engine and its connection to the main oil line of the lubrication system;

figure 2 - schematically shows a device for pre-lubrication of parts (in section);

figure 3 - shows the vacuum drive of the accumulator;

figure 4 - sensor control vacuum drive;

figure 5 - arrangement of the key in the ignition when controlling prestarting lubrication of engine parts.

The device for starting grease contains an oil pan (sump) 1, an oil pump 2, a hydraulic accumulator 3, having a cylindrical body 4, a piston 5 with a rod 6, a cover 7.

The piston 5 divides the internal space of the hydraulic accumulator into an over-piston 8 and a sub-piston 9. The hydraulic accumulator is attached to the pallet using an arm 10. The hydraulic accumulator 3 has stops 11 on the inner surface to limit the movement of the piston 5. Through-hole 12 is made in the housing 4 of the hydraulic accumulator.

In the under-piston space 9 of the accumulator, a spring 13 is placed to create excess pressure at the time of start-up.

A guide 14 is provided in the device for linear movement of the rod 6. The guide has a stop 15 at one end around the perimeter to limit the movement of the piston.

On the surface of the rod 6, a recess 16 is made to accommodate the rod-stopper 17 having a spring 18 and an electromagnetic drive 19.

In the through hole of the piston rod there is a rod 20 with a fifth 21, designed to transmit the force to the piston from the diaphragm of the vacuum actuator 22.

The surface 23 of the rod 6 from the recess 16 to its free end is made conical.

The device has an electromagnetic shut-off valve 24 for supplying oil to the main oil line 25 during the pre-start period. The valve has a rod 26, a spring 27, an abutment 28 to limit the movement of the spring 27. The valve is connected via an oil pipe 29 to the main oil line 25.

The vacuum actuator 22 (Fig. 3) is fitted with a housing 30 with a cover 31, inside of which a diaphragm 32 is placed, dividing the cavity of the housing into a diaphragm 33 and a sub-diaphragm 34 space. The housing is provided with a valve 35 for connecting the sub-diaphragm space 34 with the environment.

The vacuum actuator control sensor 36 is connected to an engine intake manifold (not shown), has a vacuum valve 37, an atmospheric valve 38, a spring-loaded diaphragm 39, a stem 40, air lines 41, 42, and is connected by an oil line 43 to a main oil line 25.

On panel 44 (FIG. 5), numeral 45 indicates the ignition key (for a carburetor engine) or the handle (for diesel). The arrow indicates the direction of movement. Position A (figure 5) indicates that the ignition is off; position B - the ignition switch and the instruments are turned on, position C - the electric power is supplied to the electromagnetic shut-off valve 24, position G - the starter motor is turned on.

In addition, a coupling 46 is provided (FIG. 2).

The device operates as follows. When the engine is operating at various load-speed modes, engine oil from the sump (crankcase) 1 enters the oil pump 2, from there under pressure into the oil pipe 43 and through the check valve 47 to the main oil line 25 of the engine.

Synchronously, due to the presence of oil pressure in the oil pipe 48, the spring-loaded diaphragm 39 deforms and moves the stem 40, thus closing the atmospheric valve 38 and opening the vacuum valve 37. In this case, the engine intake manifold is connected via the air duct 41 to the diaphragm space 33 of the vacuum actuator 22.

The diaphragm 32, deforming due to a vacuum in the intake manifold of the engine, moves the rod 20 into the hole of the rod 6, the heel 21, the piston 5, compressing the spring 13 with this movement until the bottom of the piston 5 is in contact with the stop 15, and the rod the stopper 17 will not enter the recess 16, thus reliably fixing the rod 6 and piston 5 with respect to the compressed spring 13. Synchronously with the movement of the piston 5 into the over-piston space 8 through the pressure reducing valve 4, the oil will start to flow through the oil line, and through the through holes 12 in the housing, oil from the sub-piston space 9 will enter the crankcase (sump) 1.

Through valve 35, air will begin to flow into the sub-diaphragm space 34 of the vacuum actuator 22.

Moreover, at the moment of contact of the stop 15 of the guide with the piston bottom 5, oil from the over-piston space will start to flow out through the already open through holes into the crankcase. This oil circulation continues as long as the engine is running.

After the engine stops, there is no oil pressure in the oil line 48, due to which, under the influence of the spring force, the membrane 39 deforms and moves the stem 40, synchronously closing the vacuum valve 37 and opens the atmospheric valve 38, connecting the over-diaphragm space 33 through the air line 41 with the environment.

In this case, the check valve 47 and the pressure reducing valve 49 are closed, the spring 13 is in a compressed state, and the piston 5 is fixed through the rod by a stopper rod.

The oil pressure in the over-piston space 8 of the accumulator 3 is equal to the pressure of the oil located in the pan 1 (i.e. atmospheric).

When starting the engine, the handle 45 (ignition key) is first transferred from position A to position B, and then to position B.

As a result, the voltage is simultaneously applied to the windings of the electromagnetic shut-off valve 24 and the electromagnetic actuator 19 of the stopper rod.

The stopper rod 17 instantly leaves the recess 16, and the rod releases the piston 5 from fixing, which, while moving, squeezes the oil from the over-piston space 8 through the through holes 12 until it completely blocks them on its travel path.

From this moment in the over-piston space 8, the oil pressure increases, which is equal to the value recommended by the manufacturer or a little more (for example, during the winter period of engine operation).

The spring 27 is synchronously compressed and the valve 24 is opened. Oil flows through the oil line 29 under excessive pressure (the check valve 47 is closed) and enters the main oil line 25. By the direction of the oil pressure gauge on the instrument panel in the cab, for example, in a car, the pre-lubrication process is controlled.

Synchronously through the through holes 12, the oil from the crankcase will enter the sub-piston space 9.

The valve 35 is open, releasing air from the sub-diaphragm space 34 into the environment.

Moreover, if the engine does not start, and the entire volume of oil in the above-piston space 8 is not used up for preliminary lubrication of the engine pair, the valve 24 will close and the movement of the piston 5 will stop. The end of the stopper rod 17 will be in contact with the cone-shaped surface 23. When the valve 24 is re-opened, the pre-lubrication process of the engine mating will be repeated due to the consumption of the remaining oil in the over-piston space of the accumulator.

After starting lubrication of the mates, the handle 45 is moved to position G. The starter rotates the crankshaft and starts the engine even when there is oil in the friction mates, lubricated under pressure.

After starting the engine, the handle 45 is sharply moved to position B.

From this moment, valves 24 and 39 are completely closed. Valves 35, 37, valve 49 and valve 47 open, and the end of the stopper rod slides over the surface of the conical part of the stem.

The spring 13 is compressed by moving the diaphragm 32 until the piston bottom contacts the stop 15 and the stopper rod enters the recess. From this moment, the oil, having passed through the sub-piston space 9, will freely enter through the openings 12 into the sump until the engine stops working.

At the next start of the internal combustion engine, the pre-start lubrication process of the pairing will be repeated similarly to the above.

Claims (3)

1. A device for starting lubrication of parts of an internal combustion engine, containing a pan (sump), an oil pump, a hydraulic accumulator having a housing and a piston with a rod, a vacuum actuator for the hydraulic accumulator piston, a vacuum actuator control sensor, air lines, oil lines, an electromagnetic valve, a pressure reducing valve and a non-return valve characterized in that the piston rod of the accumulator has a free end and a through hole along the longitudinal axis for the passage of the rod moved by the diaphragm, and the diameter of the hole is larger the outer diameter of the rod, on the outer surface of the rod a recess is made for the stopper rod, and the surface of the rod from the recess to the free end is made in the form of a truncated cone, the small base of which is located on the free end of the rod, while through holes and stops are made on the inner surface of the accumulator casing . 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that when the stopper rod is located in the piston rod recess, the over-piston space and the under-piston space of the hydraulic accumulator are connected through the through holes in the hydraulic accumulator housing to the internal space of the engine sump (crankcase). 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a guide that provides linear movement of the rod, at one end of which a stop is made around the perimeter.

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