RU2262783C1 - High-frequency transceiving antenna system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: receiving and transmitting antennas for far and near ranging communications.

SUBSTANCE: novelty is that high-frequency transceiving antenna system that has two wires inclined to the Earth surface and diverging from their tops to bottom ends, electric filters inserted in series with both conductors, as well as equipment section of coaxial pair is provided with newly introduced impedance balancing transformer whose asymmetric output/input is connected to equipment section of coaxial pair and is made in the form of two-wire heterogeneous line for matching symmetrical depression whose output/input is connected to input/output of impedance balancing transformer and its input/output, to upper ends of mentioned conductors; conductors with electric filters inserted in series with them are identical and gain-frequency responses of pairs of these filters are disposed symmetrically to common longitudinal axis of both identical conductors; equipment section of coaxial pair forms output/input of antenna system.

EFFECT: development of broadband transceiving antenna system with single output/input.

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Description

The invention relates to radio engineering, specifically to antenna systems, and can be used as a receiving and transmitting antenna for long and short range communication in the short-wave range.

A known antenna containing two non-uniform vibrators located in the same plane, each of which is made in the form of two perforated segments [1]. The curved parts of the segments are facing each other, the linear parts of the segments are located at an acute angle. The initial parts of the vibrators are rigidly fixed in the dielectric plate. A gap is formed between the vibrators, which gradually increases from their beginnings to their ends. The connection points of the symmetric feeder to the vibrators are located from their beginnings at a distance not exceeding λ _min / 16, where λ _min is the minimum working length of the antenna. Such an antenna is used in the shortwave part of the meter and decimeter wavelengths. Its advantage is the relatively wide range of operating frequencies, the disadvantage is the inability to use the KB range because of unacceptable dimensions (for example, at a wavelength of 160 m, the length of the vibrators should be at least 40 m).

Closest to the claimed device is a high-frequency transceiver antenna system containing two wires located obliquely to the surface of the Earth and diverging from each other from their upper to their lower ends, electric filters included in the breaks of both conductors, and two instrument parts of coaxial connectors connected to the lower ends of the wires and forming the two inputs / outputs of the antenna system [2]. The receiving / radiating parts of both wires have different lengths, and all electric filters have different amplitude-frequency characteristics. Such an antenna system essentially consists of two antennas that are loosely coupled by means of the electromagnetic field, each of which covers separate sections of the general operating frequency range of the antenna system. During its operation, antenna switching is necessary (the antenna system described in [2] has six subbands, three of which are provided by a short antenna and three by a long one). Each wire of such an antenna system, located obliquely with respect to the Earth's surface, represents, as it were, half a V-shaped antenna located in free space.

The disadvantage of such an antenna system of the prototype is the presence of two outputs / inputs, due to the fact that each of the antennas operates on several separate sections of the common operating frequency range. This complicates the signal switching circuit between the antenna system and the receiving and transmitting devices.

The technical result, the achievement of which the proposed solution is aimed at, is the creation of a broadband transceiver system with a single output / input.

This is achieved by the fact that in the high-frequency transceiver antenna system containing two wires located obliquely to the Earth’s surface and diverging from each other from their upper to their lower ends, electric filters included in the gaps of both wires, and the instrument part of the coaxial connector, additionally introduced a balancing impedance transformer, the unbalanced output / input of which is connected to the instrument part of the coaxial connector, and made in the form of a segment of a two-wire inhomogeneous line matching symmetry another decrease, the output / input of which is connected to the input / output of the balancing impedance transformer, and its input / output - to the upper ends of the named wires, the wires with the electric filters included in their gaps are identical, and the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the pairs of these filters located symmetrically relative to the common longitudinal axis of both wires, are the same, while the instrument part of the coaxial connector forms the output / input of the antenna system.

In special cases, the angle between these wires is in the range of 45-90 °, and the angle between these wires and the Earth's surface is in the range of 5-85 °, the length of the matching symmetrical reduction is comparable with the length of these wires, and the dihedral angle between the plane in which a decrease is located, and the Earth's surface is selected within 60-90 °.

Figure 1 shows the proposed antenna system.

In figure 1 is indicated:

1 and 2 - the first and second wires;

3-6 and 7-10 - electric filters included in the wire breaks 1 and 2;

11 - matching symmetrical reduction;

12 - balancing impedance transformer;

13 - coaxial connector;

14 - coaxial cable (only part of it is shown in the drawing);

15 - telescopic mast (support of the antenna system);

16-19 - insulators;

20-22 - dielectric extensions.

The first 1 and second 2 wires (with dielectric filters 3-10 included in them) are connected with their lower ends to insulators 17 and 19, the upper ones - to insulators 16 and 18 and the upper ends of a symmetric inhomogeneous decrease 11. Electric filters 3-10 - band-barriers (PZF). Filters in each pair of 3-7, 4-8, 5-9 and 6-10 have the same amplitude-frequency characteristics. For the antenna system shown in Fig. 1, the arrangement of the filter barriers is shown in Fig. 2, in which the horizontal axis is the frequency axis and the vertical axis is the attenuation axis of the signal filters. Through f _n and f _in figure 2 denotes the upper and lower frequencies of the antenna system.

The four pairs of PZF, indicated in figure 1 through 6 and 10, 5 and 9, 4 and 8, 3 and 7, form a barrier band in four frequency subbands: f ₁ -f ₂ , f ₂ -f ₃ , f ₃ -f ₄ and f ₄ -f ₅ .

The proposed antenna system works as follows.

In the frequency range, the lower frequency of which is f _n , and the upper one is the frequency with which a noticeable increase in the attenuation of filters 6 and 10 begins, all segments of individual wires 1 and 2 participate in the reception and transmission of signals. In the subband f ₁ -f _2, filters 6 and 10 “disconnect” the wire segments between the insulator 17 and the filter 6 and between the insulator 19 and the filter 10. In the subbands f ₂ -f ₃ , f ₃ -f ₄ and f ₄ -f ₅ filters 5 and 9, 4 and 8, 3 and 7 “disconnect” the wire segments 1 and 2 located respectively between filters 6 and 5, 10 and 9, filters 5 and 4, 9 and 8 and filters 4 and 3, 8 and 7. In the frequency range, the upper frequency of which is f _in , and the lower frequency, below which a noticeable increase in the attenuation of filters 3 and 7 begins, only the wire segments 1 and 2 located between the filter 3 and the insulator work 16 and between the filter 7 and the insulator 18.

In other words, each (individual) length of the transceiver sections of wires 1 and 2, counted from insulators 16 and 18 (from the junction of wires 1 and 2 with matching symmetrical reduction), corresponds to each operating frequency range of the proposed antenna system.

In relation to the antenna system [2] (prototype), the proposed antenna system has a narrower radiation pattern (in the prototype, a single-wire antenna operates in each frequency subband, which has a wider radiation pattern).

Sources of information

1. Vershinin I.M., Malyutin N.D. Vibration slot antennas. Materials of the All-Russian scientific-practical conference dedicated to the 40th anniversary of Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics "Problems of Modern Radioelectronics and Control Systems". October 2-4, 2002, Tomsk: Publishing House of Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, 2002, T.1, S.108-111.

2. Reuster D.D., Cybert K.J. A High-Efficiency Broadband HF Wire - Antenna System // IEEE Antenas and Propagation Magazine, 2000, V.42, No. 4, P.53-61 - prototype.

Claims (1)

A high-frequency transceiver antenna system containing two wires located obliquely to the surface of the Earth and diverging from each other from their upper to their lower ends, electric filters included in the gaps of both conductors, and the instrument part of the coaxial connector, characterized in that it is additionally introduced balancing impedance transformer, the unbalanced output / input of which is connected to the instrument part of the coaxial connector, and made in the form of a segment of an inhomogeneous two-wire line, I agree its symmetrical reduction, the output / input of which is connected to the input / output of a balancing impedance transformer, and its input / output - to the upper ends of the named wires, the wires with the electric filters included in their gaps are identical, and the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the pairs of these filters located symmetrically with respect to the common longitudinal axis of both wires, the same, while the instrument part of the coaxial connector forms the output / input of the antenna system.

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