RU2262238C2 - Apparatus for withdrawal of interiors from bird's carcass - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food engineering, in particular, bird carcass processing equipment, which may be used in poultry processing lines of poultry processing industry.

SUBSTANCE: apparatus has frame, drive made in the form of toothed sprocket shaft immovably fixed on frame, contour followers, retaining members, correcting members and working devices made in the form of double-armed levers. Working device cooperating with bird's carcass internal cavity is composed of two parts disposed on single shaft and furnished with pressing spring and members for restricting rotation of two parts with respect to each other. Working device is formed as loop with gripping teeth. Pressing member for working device is made in the form of smooth loop. Loops are configured so that the moment loops adjoin each other they become arranged symmetrically with respect to each other. Correcting member is adapted for lifting of bird carcass collarbone to predetermined position without compressing the carcass itself.

EFFECT: improved quality of processing bird's carcass and reduced labor intensity.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering for the food industry, in particular to devices for processing poultry carcasses, and can be used in the poultry industry in poultry processing lines.

Known devices for extracting viscera from poultry carcasses, consisting of a bed, a drive, fixing and working bodies in the form of two rods, carrying a blade for gripping the viscera, which can be rotated around an axis fixed in the rods, using special traction (see prospectuses of firms " Stork "and" Meyn ", the Netherlands, Moscow, the exhibition" Agroprodmash - 2002 ").

The conveyor, with its traction body (cable or chain), drives the device’s drive sprocket, which, in turn, drives the disks interconnected by parallel guides through the locking pin, on which the sliders carrying the locking and working bodies are located.

The sliders interact with their rollers with the copiers which are motionlessly installed relative to the bed, due to which the fixing and working bodies receive the necessary movements.

Poultry carcasses moved by an overhead conveyor enter a device in which they occupy a certain position with the help of fixing organs interacting with a copier that sets the desired movement for the fixing organs. After fixing the carcasses, the working bodies begin to interact with the corresponding copier, as a result of which the scapula of the working bodies enters the previously cut abdominal cavity, passes into the carcass to the collarbone, then rotates, capturing the insides, incl. and lungs, and comes out of the carcass, pulling the insides out.

Leaving the carcass, the scapula extends, returning to its original position, and releases the insides that remain hanging outside the carcass for further processing.

To compensate for the difference in the size of the processed carcasses in these devices, the locking bodies compress the carcass by setting the clavicle of all carcasses in the same position relative to the scapula of the working bodies.

The disadvantage of these devices is poor-quality processing of poultry carcasses, because lower fixing organs, setting the clavicle of carcasses in the same position relative to the scapula of the working organs, raise the carcass and press it to the upper fixing organs, while large carcasses are compressed very much, which leads to damage (breakage) of the skeleton of the bird carcass and crushing of the internal organs.

Poor extraction of entrails entails, in turn, additional manual costs when retrieving entrails during the process of eviscerating poultry carcasses.

A device for extracting the insides of the company Systemate (Netherlands) is also known (see the prospectus of the company from the exhibition "Agroprodmash - 2002", Moscow).

This device consists of a bed, a drive, copiers, fixing organs in the form of a shell with loops for fixing bird carcasses by legs and wings, corrective organs for pressing carcasses and putting the clavicle of bird carcasses in the same position relative to the working bodies, and working bodies in the form of a loop, mounted on sliders moving on parallel guides connecting the disks, one of which is connected by a pin to the drive sprocket.

The carcasses of the bird moved by the overhead conveyor enter the device, while the upper loops of the shell fall between the legs of the carcass, and the lower ones are located above the wings.

Corrective organs raise the carcass from the bottom and push them to the upper and lower loops of the shell, setting the clavicles of different carcasses to the same level. After this, a loop-shaped working body enters the carcass, presses the insides in the area of the clavicle to the spine, which, in turn, is pressed against the skin and leaves the carcass, constantly pressing the insides to the spine and removing them from the carcass.

The disadvantage of this device is poor-quality processing of poultry, because large bird carcasses are very strongly pressed to the upper hinges of the shell by corrective organs, which leads to damage (breakage) of the skeleton of the carcasses of the bird and crushing of the internal organs, while the lungs are not always removed from the carcass.

In addition, when the working body exits the carcass between the casing and the loop of the working body, a gap is immediately formed equal to the thickness of the spine of the carcass being processed, which worsens the conditions for the viscera to be pulled out of the carcass, as a result of which part of the carcasses can slip off the loop and fall back into the internal cavity of the carcasses. These shortcomings entail additional manual labor costs when evacuating poultry carcasses.

The closest technical solution to the proposed invention is a device for extracting viscera from poultry carcasses (RF patent No. 2078509, A 22 C 21/06).

This device consists of a bed, drive, copiers, working and fixing bodies. The working bodies are made of two parts in the form of two shoulders levers mounted on a common axis with the possibility of rotation relative to each other, while the lower shoulders of the levers are working elements, and the upper ones are control elements, and one part of the working elements is made in the form of a loop and interacts with the inner the cavity of the carcass, and the second is made in the form of a rod with a clip and interacts with the outer part of the spine of the bird carcass, and when leaving the carcass, both parts are in contact with each other, ensuring retention nnyh guts to complete their stretch of the carcass. In this case, the working element, made in the form of a loop, enters the carcass and pierces it in the area of the clavicle, located between the skin of the neck and the neck itself, so that the working body becomes at the same time a corrective element, which allows the processing of carcasses of different sizes without damaging them.

The disadvantage of this device is that the working element, made in the form of a smooth loop to give it the properties of a corrective organ, does not always remove the lungs from the bird’s carcass, and also allows premature slipping of the insides from the loop when removing the latter from the carcass, because the loop and the clamp of the working body are in contact with each other at a point, which entails additional manual labor costs for finalizing the carcasses, or the use of additional equipment to remove the lungs.

The aim of the present invention is to improve the processing quality of poultry carcasses and reduce the cost of manual labor.

To achieve this goal, a device for extracting viscera from carcasses of a bird, consisting of a bed, a drive, copiers, fixing, corrective and working bodies, made in the form of two-arm levers mounted on a common axis with the possibility of rotation relative to each other, in which the lower shoulders are working elements, and the top - control elements, the working element interacting with the internal cavity of the carcass consists of two moving (control and working) parts located on a common axis and equipped with a pressing spring and rotation limiters relative to each other, and the working loop is equipped with exciting teeth, the clamp of the working element interacting with the outer part of the spine of the bird’s carcass is made in the form of a smooth loop, and the configuration of the loops is chosen so that at the moment of their closure the loops are mirrored , and the corrective organs lift the carcass without compressing it.

Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the inventive device is distinguished by the constructive implementation of the main nodes, which allows to improve the quality of processed bird carcasses and reduce the cost of manual labor. Thus, the claimed device meets the criterion of "novelty."

Comparison of the proposed solution not only with the prototype, but also with other technical solutions, did not reveal signs that distinguish the claimed solution from the prototype, which allows us to conclude that the criterion of "significant differences".

Figure 1 shows a General view of the device, side view.

Figure 2 shows the device, a top view.

Figure 3 shows the relative position of the working elements of the working bodies.

Figure 4 shows the relative position of the organs of the device and the carcass, at the entrance of the carcass to the device.

Figure 5 shows the relative position of the organs of the device and the carcass when the working bodies reach a lower point.

Figure 6 shows the relative position of the organs of the device and the carcass at the time of compression of the working bodies.

Figure 7 shows the relative position of the organs of the device and the carcass at the time of the final drawing of the insides from the carcass.

On Fig shows the relative position of the organs of the device and the carcass at the time of exit of the carcass from the device.

The device consists of a frame 1, which is fixedly mounted on the frame of the shaft 2, on which the drive is mounted in the form of an asterisk 3 with teeth 4, the upper disk 5 and the middle disk 6, interconnected by parallel guides 7, with bearing sliders 8 and placed on them control sliders 9, equipped with rollers 10. Axes 12 are mounted on the bearing sliders 8 in the eyes 11, on which working bodies are mounted, consisting of two two-arm levers: a working element 13 interacting with the internal cavity of the carcass and a working element cient 14 interacting with the outer part of the carcass backbone. The working element 13, in turn, consists of two parts: a control eye 15 with a figured groove 16 and a shank 17 having an eye 18, and a clip in the form of a loop 19 with gripping teeth 20. Both parts are connected using an axis 21 inserted into the eye 18, and are pressed against each other by a flat spring 22 fixed to the shank 17 by a bolt 23. The spring pressing force adjusts the bolt 24, changing the size B, and the shank 17 is turned one way and the screw 25 is limited by the rotation of the working loop 19 relative to the eye 15 around the axis 21 to another by installing neo Approximate Size A.

The upper shoulder of the working element 14 is made in the form of a control eye 26 with a figured groove 27, and the lower shoulder in the form of a rib 28 with a clip in the form of a smooth loop 29 in a shape similar to loop 19.

Figured grooves 16 and 27 of the control eyes 15 and 26 are worn on an axis 30 with rollers 31 fixed in the eyes 32 of the control sliders 9, and are designed so that the working loops 19 and 29 can be relative to each other in open or closed position, depending from the location of the rollers 31 in the figured grooves 16 and 27. In the closed position, the loops are mirrored relative to each other.

Copiers for motion control, fixing and correcting elements are fixedly mounted on shaft 2:

between disks 5 and 6 - a copier 41 that controls the sliders 8 and 9;

between the disk 6 and the ring 33 - copier 43, which controls the sliders 35;

under the ring 33 is a copier 44, controlling the elements 40 and 41.

On the racks of the bed 1 there are installed devices 45 for washing the working bodies. At the bottom of the bed is fixed pan 46.

The sprocket 3 of the drive is connected to the disk 5 using a pin 47. The carcasses of the bird 48 are mounted in the suspensions 49 of the overhead conveyor 50 with the traction body 51 in the form of a chain or cable.

The device operates as follows.

The overhead conveyor 50, in the pendants 49 of which the carcasses of the bird 48 are fixed, by means of the traction body 51, drives the drive sprocket 3. Since the sprocket 3 is connected by a pin 47 to the upper disk 5, and it is guided by 7 to the middle disk 6, which, in turn, by the guides 34 is connected to the lower disk 33, then all the elements mounted on the disks 5 are rotated relative to the shaft 2, 6 and 33.

The carcasses of the bird 48 go into the device, while the orienting elements 36 are between the legs of the carcasses, and the locking elements 37 are located on the sides of the carcass above the wings.

The sliders 35, interacting with the rollers 10 with the copier 43, fall down, while the orienting elements 36 do not lie on the carcass, and the locking elements 37 are located above the wings of the carcass. The rollers 10 of the locking elements 40, interacting with the copier 44, arrange the elements 40 in such a way as to exclude the deviation of the carcass from the center of the device. After that, the sliders 8 and 9, interacting with the rollers 10 with the copier 42, synchronously fall down, bringing the loops 19 and 29 to the carcass, the correcting element 41, interacting with the rollers 10 with the copier 44, begins to rise upward, turning around axis 39 (see Fig. 4).

With further rotation of the device, the loop with teeth 19 enters through the longitudinal section of the abdominal cavity into the internal cavity of the carcass, smooth loop 29 is located on the outside of the carcass from the side of the spine, and the corrective element 41 rises, lifting the clavicle of the carcass and setting it relative to the loop with teeth 19 in preset size "AND". Since the locking element 36 does not lie on the carcass, the carcass is not compressed when the collarbone is raised to a level specified by the size “I”, and the carcass is not damaged (see Fig. 5).

After that, the slider 9 rises, and the slider 8 remains in its original place. As a result of this movement, the roller 31 moves in the figured grooves 16 and 27 of the control eyes 16 and 27, combining their upper sections, as a result of which the loops 19 and 29, turning around the axis 12, are closed and the spine of the bird is compressed by them from two sides. In this case, the teeth 20 of the loop 19, located on the sides of the spinal column, press the goiter to the last.

When extracting the insides, the elements 36, 37, 40, 41 remain stationary, not allowing the carcass to rise up, and the sliders 8 and 9 rise up, pressing the working bodies attached to them.

Climbing up, loop 19, pressing the goiter to the spine, grasps the lungs with teeth 20, tears the insides from the internal cavity and lifts them up. Since the working element 13 consists of two parts moving relative to each other, sitting on the axis 21 (see Fig. 3), when the loops 19 and 29 are closed, a spine of any thickness not exceeding size G, which is installed in depending on the weight of the poultry being processed using a special screw 25. (For example, for broiler chickens weighing <2.5 kg, the size of G is 20 mm). When changing the thickness of the spine while pulling out the insides, the spring 22 provides the necessary force to press the loop 19 to the spine. When leaving the carcass, when the size Г sharply decreases, the spring 22 provides complete closure of the loops 19 and 29 (the pressure of pressing them against each other is regulated by the change in sizes A and B using a bolt 24).

In this case, the extracted entrails are securely clamped by the goiter in zone B, because hinges 19 and 29 are mirrored relative to each other upon closure and have contact over the entire closure surface (for example, for broiler chickens, the length of the contact zone is 60 mm).

The extracted set of viscera rises above the carcass, after which the sliders 9 lower to the slider 8, as a result of which the roller 31, moving in the curly grooves 16 and 27 of the control eyes 16 and 27, combines their lower sections, the loops 19 and 29 rotate around the axis 12, open and release the extracted innards, which remain hanging from the back of the carcass for further processing, not dropping inside the carcass (see Fig. 8).

Thus, the implementation of the working body, interacting with the internal cavity of the carcass, from two parts spring-loaded relative to each other and equipping the working loop with exciting teeth allow you to reliably capture the insides, including lungs, and extract them from the carcass.

The implementation of the working body, interacting with the outer part of the spine of the bird in the form of a smooth loop with a configuration similar to a loop with teeth, allows you to reliably hold the insides when removing them from the carcass, and performing correction of the position of the carcass by lifting its collarbone without compressing the carcass eliminates damage to the carcass when removing the insides , which generally improves the quality of products and reduces the cost of manual labor.

Claims (1)

A device for extracting viscera from poultry carcasses, consisting of a bed, a drive, copiers, fixing and working elements made in the form of two-arm levers, characterized in that one part of the working elements interacting with the internal cavity of the carcasses consists of two moving parts - the control and working, located on a common axis, equipped with a clamping spring and rotation limiters relative to each other, and the working part of the element is made in the form of a loop with exciting teeth, while the second part is pressed a member cooperating with the outer part of the spine of a carcass, formed as a smooth loop mirror disposed relative to hinge with gripping teeth at the time of clamping and fixing the desired position relative to the carcass clavicle loops with gripping teeth carried corrective additional body.

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