RU2261960C1 - Building unit production method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: building material and unit production.

SUBSTANCE: method involves supplying layer of fibrous vegetable material having predetermined thickness and width under press; pressing thereof and reinforcing the layer with wire ties; forming building member having dimensions of 4-5×25-30×50-60 cm³; laying thereof in forming tank lined with heat-resistance film material and slowly filling the tank with molten composite mixture heated up to 90-95°C, wherein the composite mixture includes solid hydrocarbons of paraffin series having 75-80°C melting temperature. The tank is filled with molten composite mixture up to level exceeding building member thickness for 1-1.5 cm.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of people protection in living, service and industrial rooms against neutron irradiation along with improved heat-insulation and heat accumulation in the room.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the production of building materials and elements.

Known design of the wall and block, accumulating heat. In the heat storage unit, the housing is provided with a receiving hole made at the same time, which can freely release contact liquid into the internal cavity of the vessel of the unit. Through the outlet, fluid can flow freely from the cavity outward into the vessel. The latter has a heat storage element for accumulating heat and emitting it by heat exchange with a liquid (patent JR 3174501 B2, 09268665A). The disadvantage of this method is the need to use contact fluid circulating in the structure of the wall and block.

Also known is a method of radiation protection against exposure to γ-rays by creating lead shields of large thickness of several tens of centimeters or concrete shields more than 1 m thick (Larionov V.V. Nuclear Geology and Geophysics. M., Gostoptekhizdat, 1963, 351 pp.) lead and concrete shields are not effective against neutron radiation.

A known method of manufacturing reed slabs, including feeding the stems under the press in the form of a layer of a certain thickness and width, pressing them and reinforcing with a wire connection (patent RU 002218481700 from 01/17/2001). Reed plates made in this way have heat-insulating properties, but do not protect against radiation exposure.

The technical solution to the problem of the proposed method is to provide effective protection of people in residential and office-industrial premises from neutron radiation with simultaneous thermal insulation and heat storage in the room.

The problem is achieved in that in a method of manufacturing a building element, comprising supplying fiber plant material under a press and reinforcing with a wire tie, a building element of 4-5x25-30x50-60 cm in size is formed, laid in a molding container lined with heat-resistant film material, and slowly poured molten to a temperature of 90-95 ° C composite mixture of solid hydrocarbons of the paraffin series with a melting point of 75-80 ° C to a level exceeding the thickness of the building element by 1-1 , 5 cm, then a thin layer of a substance with a high absorption capacity of thermal neutrons, for example, cadmium, is applied.

The novelty of the technical solution is due to the use of special materials instead of just heat-insulating material during the construction or decoration of residential and office premises, which have complex heat-insulating, heat-accumulating and neutron-slowing and absorbing properties, which can significantly reduce the exposure of people during their stay in the premises and thereby dramatically reduce the likelihood of cancer.

According to the scientific, technical and patent literature, the authors do not know the claimed combination of features aimed at achieving the task, and this solution does not follow clearly from the prior art, which allows us to conclude that the solution corresponds to the level of the invention.

The proposed solution is industrially applicable.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which gives a General view of the building element.

The main part (1) of the building element consists of a heat-insulating material in the form of bulrushes, rice straw or other vegetable heat-insulating materials, which is fed under a press to form a plate of a certain thickness of 4-5 cm, a width of 25-30 cm and a length of 50-60 cm and strengthen wire tie.

The dimensions of the plate are determined from the condition:

- the length of the building element, taking into account the length of the fibers of the plant material and the convenience of laying walls from the proposed building element;

- the width is a multiple of the length of the building element for the convenience of laying the wall.

The molded plate is laid on a film coating of heat-resistant material in the form of predetermined sizes that determine the dimensions of the building element, the pressed plate is impregnated and then poured to a level exceeding it by 1-1.5 cm, molten to a temperature of 90-95 ° C with a composite mixture of solid hydrocarbons of the paraffin series with a melting point of 75-80 ° C, which has high heat-insulating, heat-accumulating properties and high radiation protection against neutron irradiation due to the high retarding ability of neutrons to the state of thermal. A thin layer (2) of 0.05-0.1 mm from a pure substance or 2-3 mm from a rock powder with a micro-content of a substance with a high absorption capacity of thermal neutrons, for example, is applied to the external surface of a building element in the composite mixture at the time of its hardening, for example cadmium.

The total thickness of the plate-shaped element of 5-6 cm is sufficient for neutrons of a wide spectrum of energy to be transferred into thermal ones and then absorbed by a substance with high absorption capacity.

Thus, in order to protect people from neutron radiation in order to prevent (slow down) cancer during the construction of new residential and office buildings, it is necessary to fill the gaps of the brickwork, provided for the heat-insulating material, proposed by the building elements. To heat the premises and protect people from neutron irradiation in previously constructed residential and office-industrial buildings, with the exception of workshops where the air temperature can constantly be more than 70-80 ° С, it is necessary to additionally insulate the walls from the inside with the proposed building elements and sheathe them with plasterboard plates, and building elements should be installed neutron-absorbing layer from the inside.

Claims (1)

A method of manufacturing a building element, including the supply of fiber plant material under the press in the form of a layer of a certain thickness and width, its pressing and strengthening by wire connection, characterized in that they form a building element with a size of 4 ÷ 5 × 25 ÷ 30 × 50 ÷ 60 cm ³ , lay into a molding container lined with heat-resistant film material, and slowly pour molten to a temperature of 90-95 ° C composite mixture of solid hydrocarbons of the paraffin series with a melting point of 75-80 ° C to a level exceeding that the thickness of the building element is 1-1.5 cm, then at the time of hardening a thin layer of a substance with a high absorption capacity of thermal neutrons, such as cadmium, is applied.