RU2260401C2 - Artificial valve usable in assist and substitution blood circulation systems - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: device has working member manufactured as viscoelastic ring-shaped corrugation having blank wall, tightly embracing a base ring with passage orifice of round or oval shape. Movable part of the working member is represented with one or several cusps belonging to the blank wall of the viscoelastic corrugation. The cusps have thickenings in diametric or radial direction and/or supporting pins transecting the passage opening to prevent them from being drawn by pressure into passage opening of the base ring.

EFFECT: simplified valve design.

7 cl, 10 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices of artificial organs implanted in the human body, in particular an artificial heart and ventricle of the heart.

The closest analogue of the proposed artificial valve device can be a device in which the valve working element is made in the form of a segment of an elastic hose of a closed three-beam section, coaxially fixed with an open end on the inner surface of a cylindrical base element, and its free closed end opens under the action of a blood stream [1]. Such a valve has a significant cost due to structural and technological difficulties and does not have sufficient guarantees of its action at certain positions of the patient's body.

The aim of the proposed technical solution is to overcome these shortcomings by increasing the structural, technological and operational characteristics, in particular by combining functional characteristics, for example, combining its main function with the additional function of the hermetic inlet of the elastic hose of the executive part of the implanted artificial organ (artificial heart or ventricle of the heart).

The working element of the proposed artificial valve is made in the form of a resiliently elastic ring annular corrugation 1, tightly covering a flat base ring 2 with a through hole of a round or oval shape, and fixing holes 3 for a bundle fastening the working element with a base ring evenly spaced along its contour.

The blind side of the corrugation 1 serves as a sash 4 or sash 5, which closes or closes the passage opening of the base ring. In Fig.1 shows an embodiment of a single-leaf valve, and in Fig.2 - double-leaf. The leaf or valve flaps have a 6 segment thickening located in the diametrical direction to prevent the leaf (s) from being pushed into the passage opening of the base ring.

Figure 3 shows the base ring of a single-leaf or bicuspid valve with a support needle 7 diametrically intersecting its passage opening with a streamlined cross-sectional shape that prevents the sash or flaps from being pushed into the bore of the base ring, and Fig. 4 shows the design of the tricuspid valve with the base a ring, the passage opening of which is crossed by three radially directed support spokes 8. If there are support spokes in the opening of the base ring, thickenings on the wings are not necessary.

Figure 5 shows an embodiment of a bicuspid valve, in which at the same time as its main function the input function of the elastic hose 9 is combined, and in figure 6 two hoses 10 designed to communicate an artificial heart or ventricle of the heart with an autonomous (non-implantable) energy source . With this combination of functions, the supporting spokes can be used to fix one or more hoses coaxially or parallel to the axis of the bore of the base ring.

In any of the described options for the structural implementation of the artificial valve, its base ring can be one-sided or two-sided convex (Fig.7, 8).

To fix the valve in an artificial or natural blood vessel, an elastic-elastic cuff of C-section 11 (Fig. 9) is used, tightly covering the valve along its external contour, or a suture tourniquet passing through the mounting holes of the base ring, and to fix the valve in the shell of the artificial heart or the ventricle of the heart, the elastic elastic annular corrugation 1 is supplemented by the flange edging 12 encircling it (Fig. 10).

The valve works, as exemplified by the action of the aortic valve of the heart, as follows: at the beginning of systole, the sash or sash bends, opening the passage hole, under the action of the valve pressure leaflet or valve leaflet, and at the beginning of the diastole they take their initial position, closing the passage hole of the base ring tight pressing to its surface along the contour of the passage opening of the base ring.

The proposed technical solution may turn out to be simpler and more reliable in the constructive-technological and operational sense and requiring lower costs for the manufacture of an artificial valve, and its additional function of introducing an elastic hose will reduce the need for surgical invasion of living tissue of the patient’s body during implantation of artificial organs.

Sourse of information:

1. US 6270526 B1, 08/07/2001.

Claims (7)

1. An artificial valve for auxiliary and replacement circulatory systems, comprising an elastic-elastic working element and a ring-shaped basic element, characterized in that the elastic-elastic working element has the form of an annular corrugation with a blind wall, tightly covering a solid or elastic-hard flat base ring with an opening of a round or oval shape and the movable part of the working element is made in the form of one or several valves belonging to the blank wall of the elastic corrugation. 2. The artificial valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the flaps have a thickening of a segmented shape in the diametrical direction. 3. The artificial valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the base ring is provided with streamline supporting spokes radially intersecting its passage opening and is framed by mounting holes. 4. The artificial valve according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the flaps and supporting spokes are made with the possibility of passing and fixing between the flaps of one or more elastically flexible hoses located coaxially or parallel to the central axis of the bore of the base ring. 5. The artificial valve according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the base ring is made unilaterally or convexly bilaterally. 6. An artificial valve according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that for its fastening in an artificial or natural blood vessel, an elastic cuff is used, covering the valve along its external contour, or a suture tourniquet passing through the mounting holes of the base ring. 7. The artificial valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular corrugation has a flange edging.

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