RU2256140C2 - Mode of projectile throwing with a high initial speed with the help of condensed gas - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: the invention refers to pneumatic weapon.

SUBSTANCE: the technical result of the invention is increasing of a bullet's or a ball's speed at the exit out of the barrel of a pneumatic rifle or a machine gun up to speeds which greatly exceed the sound speed in the air. The essence of the mode is in using in quality of a working gas throwing a projectile of gases in which the sound speed exceeds the sound speed in the air more than two times. A pneumatic weapon with a high bullet's speed has advantage at using for hunting, in sporting shooting and other applications.

EFFECT: the invention greatly increases the bullet's speed.

3 cl

Description

The invention relates to weapons technology, namely to pneumatic weapons.

Known air rifles containing a barrel, an air cylinder with a piston, a combat spring, a trigger [1].

The design of the Hunter 1250 rifle provides the supersonic bullet muzzle velocity of 380 m / s, maximum for its class of spring-piston rifles, through the use of an increased air cylinder and an increased stiff war spring.

A further increase in speed is difficult because air is used as the working medium that pushes the bullet in this rifle. The velocity of a compression wave in air (speed of sound) is approximately 340 m / s or 1 Max. At normal temperature of compressed air, this speed is the limit for the initial velocity of the bullet. In this design, the air is compressed by the spring at the time of the shot, while the air temperature rises and the speed of sound in it rises, which makes it possible to obtain a supersonic bullet speed. In such a design, it is possible to obtain a bullet exceeding the speed of sound by no more than 15-20%, which is a disadvantage of such designs.

Known pneumatic guns firing metal balls, containing a barrel, a handle, a cylinder for liquefied carbon dioxide gas, a store for metal balls, a trigger [2].

In this design, carbon dioxide is used as the working gas. The use of carbon dioxide as a working gas does not make it possible to obtain a high initial projectile speed (metal ball) in this design. The main reason for limiting the maximum projectile speed in this design at low working gas pressure.

Closest to the technical nature of the claimed is a pneumatic weapon belonging to the class of PCP (Pre-charged Pneumatic). The weapon contains a barrel, a butt, a cylinder for compressed air, a trigger, a projectile (ball or bullet). The bullet is placed in the bore, with which a cylinder with compressed air is connected through the trigger [3].

A disadvantage of the known device is the fundamental limitation of the initial velocity of the bullet at a level of approximately 330 m / s. The limitation is due to the speed of sound in air at normal temperature. At this speed, a wave of compressed air propagates inside the barrel. Therefore, the speed of the projectile (ball or bullet) cannot be higher than this speed.

An object of the invention is the creation of a pneumatic weapon with an initial velocity of a bullet or ball, significantly higher than the speed of sound in air.

The technical problem is solved in that the gases used as the compressed gas in the weapon are the speed of propagation of the compression wave, that is, the speed of sound, which exceeds the speed of sound in air, such as helium or hydrogen. The speed of molecules of these gases at normal temperature and the speed of sound in them are several times higher than the similar characteristics of air. Of the common gases, hydrogen is the highest sound velocity. When using hydrogen, the achievable velocity boundary is pushed back to approximately 1200 m / s, that is, up to several speeds of sound in the atmosphere.

In the case of using the proposed method constructively, the weapon may differ little from those currently used. Instead of a cylinder with compressed air, you should use a cylinder with compressed gas (pure or mixture), in which the speed of sound is much higher than in air (working gas). The optimal parameters of the working gas pressure and the trigger mechanism require tuning to a specific composition of the working gas.

There is practically enough pressure of 150 bar with a barrel length of 0.45 m, a caliber of 4.5 mm and a bullet weight of 0.53 g to get a speed of more than 520 m / s, which is 1.4 times higher than the initial bullet speed from the best mass-produced air rifles. The high initial velocity of the projectile distinguishes the invention from the prototype.

Sources of information

1. Technical description of the rifle Hunter 1250 manufactured by Gamo Spain. Source of information http://plmker.narod.ru/rifle/gamo 1250.htm.

2. RU 2118781, F 41 B 11/06, 09/10/1998.

3. GB 2259560, F 41 B 11/00, 03/17/1993.

Claims (2)

1. The method of throwing a projectile using compressed gas, which consists in the fact that the projectile is accelerated in the bore by the pressure of the compressed working gas, characterized in that gas is used as the working gas, the speed of sound of which is higher than the speed of sound in air. 2. A pneumatic weapon containing a barrel, a projectile located at the time of the shot in the barrel, a reservoir with compressed working gas mounted with the possibility of connection with the barrel at the time of the shot, a trigger mechanism, characterized in that gas is used as the working gas, the speed of sound in which is higher than the speed of sound in air.