RU2253983C2 - Method for manufacturing acaricide-insecticide composition - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: biotechnology, plant protection.

SUBSTANCE: the present innovation deals with manufacturing special preparations for plant protection against harmful insects and ticks. Nematodes' suspension of Steinernema sp. should be mixed with an antidesiccant obtained due to successive extracting Mortierella exigua micromycete biomass with a non polar extracting agent in supercritical state with water, alkali, water, acid, water, alkali and water followed by combining the first extract with solid residue. Antidesiccant should be introduced into suspension of entomopathogenic nematodes at the quantity of 0.2-1% against composition weight. The method enables to shorten the expenditure of nematodes due to the increase of their survival rate in the composition suggested.

EFFECT: higher efficiency.

1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to a technology for the production of plant protection products from harmful insects and ticks.

A known method for the production of acaricidal-insecticidal compositions, comprising mixing a suspension of nematodes Steinernema caprocapsae and antidexicant in the form of fractions of vegetable oils (Pushnya M.V. Technology for the production of entomopathogenic microsporidia and nematodes and their use for protecting nightshade crops. Abstract - Krasnodar: VNIIBZR, 2000, p.14).

In such compositions, the nematodes die quickly enough, which leads to an increase in the consumption of nematodes to achieve their effective concentration.

The technical result of the invention is to reduce the consumption of nematodes by increasing their survival in the composition.

This result is achieved by the fact that in the method for producing an acaricidal-insecticidal composition, comprising mixing a suspension of nematodes of the genus Steinernema and an antidesicant, according to the invention, a preparation obtained by sequential extraction of biomass of micromycete Mortierella exigua with a non-polar supercritical state, water, alkali is used , acid, water, alkali and water, followed by combining the first extract with a solid residue in an amount of 0.2-1% by weight of the composition.

The method is implemented as follows.

The dry biomass of the micromycete Mortierella exigua is extracted with a non-polar extractant, for example carbon dioxide or hexane, in a supercritical state. At this stage, the first extract is separated, which is used later in the preparation. Next, the biomass is sequentially extracted with water, alkali, water, acid, water, alkali and water. The solid residue obtained after completion of all the extraction steps listed above is combined with the first extract. The resulting preparation contains mainly chitosan and higher polyunsaturated fatty acids and does not contain phytotoxic substances, which allows it to be used as part of pesticides. The drug is injected into a suspension of entomopathogenic nematodes of the genus Steinernema in an amount of 0.2-1% by weight. The dosage of the preparation from the biomass of micromycete Mortierella exigua is justified by the fact that, with its smaller amounts, the technical result is not achieved due to the loss of the antidexicant properties in such concentrations of the drug, and at a dosage of more than 1% to 1.5% by weight, the composition sharply increases the viscosity and starts gelation, which makes it difficult to use for its intended purpose.

Since the effectiveness of the use of compositions for the protection of plants based on entomopathogenic nematodes is determined by the concentration of the latter in a viable state, the survival of the nematodes was determined immediately after application of the antidexicant by the proposed method and by the closest analogue, as well as through 1; 3 and 5 days after the introduction of the antidexicant, that is, during the time when viable entomopathogenic nematodes are able to kill pests. In the experiments, nematodes of the species Steinernema caprocapsae and Steinernema feltiae were used. The experimental results for both types of nematodes coincided up to the experimental error. The experimental results are averaged for two types of nematodes and are summarized in table 1.

Table 1 Type of antidexicant The survival rate of nematodes,%; after exposure, days 0 1 3 5 by analogy 60,4 59.4 56.6 51.1 by the proposed method, 0.2% by weight 94.1 88.7 86.4 82.1 by the proposed method, 1% by weight 91.9 87.6 86.9 85.3 control without anti-desiccant 100 93.3 21.3 0

As can be seen from the table, the dynamics of the survival of nematodes in the composition according to the proposed method confirms the possibility of reducing their consumption compared to the closest analogue due to the possibility of obtaining compositions with the same activity while reducing the number of nematodes initially introduced into the composition.

Claims (1)

A method for the production of an acaricidal-insecticidal composition, comprising mixing a suspension of nematodes of the genus Steinernema and an anti-desiccant, characterized in that the preparation obtained by sequential extraction of the biomass of micromycete Mortierella exigua with a non-polar supercritical state, water, alkali, water, water, water, water, alkali, water alkali and water, followed by combining the first extract with a solid residue, in an amount of 0.2-1% by weight of the composition.