RU2253741C2 - Method of operation of self-contained power station - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engine manufacturing.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to method of operation of self-contained power station powered by diesel-generator set. According to proposed method of operation of self-contained power station powered by diesel generator set equipped with additional flywheel and disconnect clutch with automatic control members, additional flywheel is mounted on separate shaft which is connected with diesel-generator set by means of disconnect clutch. Preparatory operation is carried out to set power station into operation with subsequent overcoming of short-time starting resistances from consumer. Additional flywheel is connected to shut down diesel generator set by means of disconnect clutch. Power station is started under no load, and its coming to rated speed is detected by readings of generator shaft speed pickups. Load is connected and intensity of generator shaft speed drop is checked. Information is automatically transmitted to controller wherefrom, at termination of generator speed drop, signal is transmitted to disconnect clutch, and rotating additional flywheel is disconnected from diesel generator set, thus changing the set for accelerated mode of restoration of initial rated speed.

EFFECT: provision of power saving operation at stable conditions for overcoming designed resistance torque and short-time overloads exceeding capabilities of chosen supply source.

1 dwg

Description

The proposed object relates to the field of synthesis and functioning of autonomous power plants serving consumers, the working process of which is associated with the possible short-term appearance of sharply increasing moments of resistance, overcoming of which makes us look for special solutions for this. The simplest, it would seem, solution is to choose a power source of increased power, however, to overcome only short-term overloads, this would be uneconomical. Therefore, the task was to find such a technical solution that would allow working economically in stable modes to overcome the calculated moments of resistance by which the power source is selected, and at the same time, the proposed facility must overcome short-term overloads that exceed the capabilities of the selected power source.

The task formulated by us is relevant for many industries, but it takes on special significance for drillers [1] working in deep-well gas and oil fields, the drilling process of which includes a number of activities, one of which, in its importance and in terms of need for it, energy consumption, is to ensure the rotation of the downhole tool in the well with the removal of the destroyed rock from there and at the same time strengthening the side walls of the well. Moreover, all this is carried out using mud pumps, which pump clay mud into the central hole of the pipe string stationary in the borehole and feed this solution into the endhole motors-turbodrills, to which the cutting tools acting on the rock are attached. Moreover, the peculiarity of this drilling process is associated with the different nature of the loads on the drilling pumps, which depend on a number of factors, as a result of which the drilling pumps should potentially develop a solution pressure of up to 40 MPa, although the main work is carried out at a pressure of 20-25 MPa.

It follows that the selected system of autonomous energy supply of mud pumps should be as adaptive as possible to changing drilling parameters.

The prior art in the field of autonomous power supply of various consumers for its intended purpose allows you to stop at the power supply system [2], which includes an engine and a generator connected by a disconnect coupling and with a flywheel fixed to the other end of the generator output shaft. The peculiarity of this power system is that it is combined and capable, due to the elements of automatic control included in it, to operate both from an external power supply, when the isolation clutch is turned off, the engine is stopped and the generator performs the function of a synchronous compensator, and in stand-alone mode of providing electricity, when, when changing the current parameters in the external power supply network, the generator, the rotor of which remains untwisted from the energy of the flywheel, automatically enters its operation mode with by means of an isolation clutch to an internal combustion engine. And yet, despite such universality of its work, this system does not meet the task we set - the possibility of its response to significant load fluctuations, moreover, when the system works only in stand-alone power supply mode. However, by the presence of its design features, the system [2] is considered by us as the closest analogue prototype.

The problem is solved as follows.

In the method of functioning of an autonomous power plant by operating its diesel generator set equipped with an additional flywheel and an uncoupling clutch with elements of its automatic control, according to the invention, the additional flywheel is placed on a separate shaft, which is connected to the diesel generator unit by means of an uncoupling clutch, for inputting the power station in work with the subsequent overcoming of it by increased short-term starting resistance from the consumer, conduct preparatory op walkie-talkie, when an additional flywheel is connected to a stopped diesel generator unit using an uncoupling clutch, after which the power plant is started without load and, according to the readings of the generator shaft speed sensor, monitor its output at nominal speed, then turn on the load and already monitor the intensive drop in speed generator, and information about this is automatically transmitted to the control controller, from where, at the end of the fall in the generator speed, a signal is sent to the uncoupling muff y and undock additional rotating flywheel of the diesel-generator set and thereby translate the assembly in a crash recovery mode its initial nominal speed.

The proposed system is schematically represented in the drawing. It includes a frame 1, on which a diesel 3 and an electric current generator 4 are mounted and interlocked by means of a one-piece clutch 2. A shaft 6 equipped with a flywheel 5 is mounted in the bearings of the frame 1, which is connected to one of the shafts of a permanently interlocked unit via a disconnect clutch 7: diesel -generator.

In this case, the second output end of the shaft of the generator 4 opposite the engine is selected for landing of the coupling. In principle, another solution is also possible if the flywheel 5 with the shaft 6 is located not to the right of the generator 4, but to the left of the engine 3.

In addition to the elements listed above, the proposed object is equipped with an automatic tracking system in the form of a speed sensor 8 of the generator shaft and control controller 9 with its signal channels “a”, “b” and “c”, which connect element 9, respectively, with elements 8, 7 and with the operator of the energy consumer.

The proposed power supply system operates as follows. So when drilling at relatively shallow depths, when the pressure of the clay mud leaving the mud pumps is quite average (20-25 MPa), the system operates in its nominal mode with the disconnect clutch 7 disconnected and the non-rotating flywheel 5. In the periods preceding the appearance of increased moments of resistance during drilling (usually this is due to the launch of the pumps under load), and if necessary, a further increase in the pressure of the solution and the power consumed by the pumps should preparatory operation: stopping the diesel generator, turning on the uncoupling clutch and starting the diesel generator without load with unwinding of the flywheel 5. And only after the complete rotation of the rotor of the generator 4 (and this is also a kind of flywheel) and an additional flywheel 5, when the generator’s shaft the maximum possible torque is transmitted, the engines are launched - mud pumps. In this case, the starting moment will be perceived by the diesel engine and overcome with the help of the flywheel masses of the generator rotor and the flywheel (their stored kinetic energy). All this will inevitably be accompanied by a decrease in the rotational speed of the shaft of the generator and the flywheel and, at the same time due to an increase in the fuel supply, the diesel torque will increase. When the decrease in the generator rotation speed stops, and the controller fixes it on channel “a”, then on channel “b” the controller will issue a command to undock the flywheel so as not to load the diesel engine with an additional torque and reduce the transition period of restoration of the nominal speed.

According to the applicant, the proposed object has all the criteria of the invention. “Industrial applicability” or, in other words, the possibility of its implementation, should not be in doubt from consideration of the drawing and description of the functioning of this method, and the appropriateness of its use is determined by the need for gas and oil companies in effective autonomous power supply systems for drilling equipment.

The criterion of “inventive step” is confirmed by the proposed set of features-operations and the sequence of their implementation: namely, the inclusion of an additional flywheel and the accumulation of additional energy by the rotating system, then returning it to the consumer, followed by undocking the rotating flywheel and restoring the generator’s nominal speed. Note that the presented system could work with an additional flywheel constantly docked with the diesel generator set. In addition, if the flywheel is constantly docked, the generator output at nominal speed, with load shedding, would be longer and less uneconomical.

Since these achievements are not known to us from the patent and technical literature, this suggests that there is a criterion of “novelty” in this proposal.

Used sources of literature

1. Menshov B.G. and other electrical devices of drilling rigs. Ed. "Graduate School". 1986 year

2. Instruction manual with picture album. The guaranteed power supply system automated ASGP-630M. BY. "Star". Leningrad, 1984

Claims (1)

The method of functioning of an autonomous power plant by operating its diesel generator unit equipped with an additional flywheel and an uncoupling clutch with elements of its automatic control, characterized in that the additional flywheel is placed on a separate shaft, which is connected to the diesel generator unit by means of an uncoupling clutch, for inputting the power station in work with the subsequent overcoming of it by increased short-term starting resistance from the consumer carry out preparatory operations June, when an additional flywheel is connected to a stopped diesel-generator unit using an uncoupling clutch, after which the power plant is started without load and, according to the readings of the generator shaft speed sensor, monitor its output at nominal speed, then turn on the load and already monitor the intensive drop in speed generator, and information about this is automatically transmitted to the control controller, from where, at the end of the fall in the generator speed, a signal is sent to the uncoupling clutch and tstykovyvayut additional rotating flywheel of the diesel-generator set and translate this set into rapid recovery mode its initial nominal speed.