RU22532U1 - THROWING - Google Patents

Description

THROWING.

The utility model relates to ammunition for anti-personnel automatic and under-barrel hand grenade launchers, and more specifically, to missile charges of high-explosive fragmentation warheads.

The prior art in this area is characterized by artillery cartridges for an automatic grenade launcher containing a warhead with a leading belt and a propelling charge, including a cartridge case filled with gunpowder and an igniter capsule (see, Patent RU No. 2135938 F 42В 5/18, 1999). .

This cartridge differs in that the propellant charge is placed in a combustion chamber equipped with a receiver, made in the form of a sleeve, permanently attached to the tail of the warhead body and serving as a sleeve where the powder powder is located; the seal that is fixed on top when the combustion chamber walls are horizontal sealed a gasket made in the form of a profile leaf spring.

The end of the combustion chamber is closed by a horizontal perforated diaphragm on which a metal membrane is fixed, separating it from the receiver and holding the powder filling.

The well-known design allows to unify the production of so-called cartridgeless cartridges, reducing operating costs for

001150155r 42V 5/02

by eliminating the collection of hot shells in boxes in limited volumes of grenade launcher carriers (armored personnel carriers, helicopters, etc.) or additional reflective devices to remove shells from the firing zone.

At the same time, the energy of the powder filling of the cartridge is not spent on razatronirovanie, which helps to increase the flight range of the warhead.

However, the disadvantage of this analogue is the constructive complexity of mounting a membrane movable in the 1-direction direction at the end of the combustion chamber to create a receiver during the operation of the low-pressure chamber, which determines additional measures and costs for ensuring the tightness of powder filling during storage of ammunition.

The noted drawbacks are eliminated in the propellant charge of the artillery cartridge for the grenade launcher described in patent RU No. 2125226 C1, F 42 B 5/02/1999, which, in essence and in the number of coinciding features, was chosen as the closest analogue to the proposed one.

A well-known propellant charge, the caliber of which is comparable with the diameter of the prechamber of the grenade launcher barrel with a guaranteed minimum clearance, contains a powder-filled combustion chamber fixed on the shank of the warhead housing, bounded above by a gasket, which is a profile plate spring,

mounted inside the combustion chamber, closed at the end by a diaphragm carrying an igniter capsule and covered by a metal membrane that holds the powder filling.

Placing the powder filling between the rigid fixed diaphragm membrane and the spring profile gasket provides the seal of the powder during assembly, eliminating the deformation and grinding of its grains during transportation, which ensures the calculated combustion mode and, therefore, the predetermined propellant impulse of the warhead.

The execution of the combustion chamber of the propellant charge along the outer diameter commensurate with the prechamber of the weapon barrel creates a piston pair with a minimum annular gap in the barrel-cylinder, where the powder gases are thrown from the combustion chamber through the perforations of the diaphragm along the axis, which provides the necessary throwing momentum.

Known propelling charge allows you to use it in artillery cartridges for a hand grenade launcher for muzzle loading, which expands the technological capabilities and scope.

However, the disadvantage of the prototype is the unsatisfactory functional reliability, which is expressed in the reduction of the ballistic performance of the product due to the rupture of the gasket, fixed on the shank of the body of the warhead of the grenade, by the pressure of the powder gases, which fill the volume of the combustion chamber above it.

When the powder filling is burned out, there may be cases when the gasket pressure moves from above the sealing gasket to the membrane and blocks the perforation of the diaphragm, which prevents their kinetic emission into the bore and the achievement of a predetermined propellant impulse of the warhead.

The objective underlying this utility model is to improve the design of the known propellant charge for the practical stabilization of the gas-dynamic regime of its fouche-shading and the hardened achievement of the given ballistic characteristics of the product.

The required technical result is achieved by the fact that in a well-known propellant charge for artillery ammunition warheads, the caliber of which is commensurate with the pre-chamber of the grenade launcher with d) antiaircraft clearance, containing a powder-filled combustion chamber fixed to the mantle shank, bounded by a sealing gasket on top, a leaf spring mounted inside the combustion chamber, closed at the end by a diaphragm carrying an igniter capsule and blocked by m according to the authors' suggestion, the combustion chamber is equipped with a step of a smaller diameter inside for pressing in the gasket, and on the outside it has at least two annular conical undercuts, inclined in the direction opposite to the diaphragm.

A step inside the combustion chamber provides power closure of the gasket when pressing it in, which ensures reliable tightening and stable operation of the propellant charge, suitable for assembly with warheads of various designs and actions.

The proposed propellant charge is an autonomous assembly unit that can be stored separately for a long time when the powder filling is sealed inside the combustion chamber, which is an additional effect of the invention.

Independent fastening of the propellant charge on the tail of the warhead housing is carried out with an axial clearance relative to the gasket, which allows the latter to move longitudinally until it stops at the end of the grenade, creating an additional volume to compensate for the overpressure of the powder gases and thereby preventing tearing of the gasket material.

Undercuts on the outer surface of the combustion chamber, which is interconnected with the prechamber of the barrel, fulfill the functions of a gas damper for increased pressure of powder gases in the gap by them, whose turbulence creates a seal barrier, preventing breakthrough of powder gases through the barrel channel to the muzzle end, eliminating the loss of the estimated throwing pulse.

the coupledness in a stable interconnection is sufficient to achieve the novelty of quality in the introduction of a super-effect that does not show signs of disunity, that is, a sum effect is obtained, not a sum of effects.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by the drawing, which has purely illustrative purposes and does not limit the scope of the rights of the formula, which depict:

FIG. 1 - artillery cartridge for a grenade launcher;

- figure 2 - propelling charge.

The fragmentation grenade 1 (Fig. 1) with a fuse 2 and a driving belt 3 is mounted on the end of the combustion chamber 4 and is crimped on the shank 5 with a gap 6 relative to the cozy pad 7, which is pressed into the step 8 inside the combustion chamber 4.

Throwing charge (figure 2) is collected separately in the following sequence. The combustion chamber 4 is hollow; a seam in the form of a cup, the bottom of which is a diaphragm 9. On the outer surface of the combustion chamber 4 there are two annular conical undercut shapes 10 inclined at the open end of the chamber 4.

In the center of the diaphragm 9, an igniter capsule is coaxially fixed 11. A membrane 12 is glued to the bottom of the combustion chamber 4, which overlaps the calibrated perforations 13 of the diaphragm 9.

Next, the powder 14 is gradually poured onto the membrane 12 inside the combustion chamber 4, which is closed by a profiled cushioning pad 7.

With the axial feed of the press-in, the gasket 7 with the yagag is sealed on the annular step 8 and presses the suspension of the powder 14 without destroying its grains due to the elastic properties of the leaf spring-gasket 7.

The proposed propelling charge (figure 2) is a self-contained autonomous unit of the structure of the artillery cartridge (figure 1), compatible with warheads of various designs due to the gap 6.

The tight isolation of the powder filling in the combustion chamber 4 between the gasket 7 and the membrane 12 allows the powder 14 to be kept dry for a long time with unchanged basic technical characteristics when storing propellant charges according to the invention separately, before assembly with the required warheads.

When firing, the pulse from the igniter capsule 11 sets fire to the powder 14 in the combustion chamber 4 (Fig. 1). The combustion products of gunpowder 14 break through the membrane material 12 above the perforations 13 of the diaphragm 9 and are thrown into the prechamber of the weapon barrel, where they accumulate to the propellant pressure.

The powder gases in the annular gap between the prechamber and the outer surface of the combustion chamber 4 enter the annular undercuts 10, where they swirl and condense, forming a gas 1 with a curing effect, acting as a damper that prevents the free passage of powder gases into the bore.

if the pressure forces inside the combustion chamber 4 exceed the adhesion forces of the sealing gasket 7 with the step 8, the gasket 7 in the gap 6 will move all the way to the shank 5 of the grenade 1, compensating for the excess pressure by increasing the volume of the combustion chamber 4.

Under the influence of the pressure of the powder gases accumulated in the prechamber, the grenade 1 moves forward with rotation from the interaction of the girdle 3 with the rifling of the barrel. The acceleration and unwinding of the grenade 1 takes place along the length of the combustion chamber 4, while the specified initial speed and speed are achieved.

A comparative analysis with identified analogues of the prior art, from which the proposed technical solution for an ammunition specialist does not explicitly follow, showed that the propellant charge is not known, and with the possibility of industrial serial production, we can conclude that the patentability criteria are met.

Claims (1)

A propellant charge for the warhead of artillery cartridges, the caliber of which is commensurate with the diameter of the pre-chambers of the grenade launcher barrel with a guaranteed minimum clearance, containing a powder-filled combustion chamber fixed to the tail of the warhead housing, limited by a gasket on top, which is a profile plate spring mounted inside a combustion chamber closed from the end a diaphragm carrying an igniter capsule and an overlapped membrane, characterized in that the combustion chamber is inside equipped with a step of a smaller diameter for autonomous press fitting of the gasket, and on the outside it has at least two annular conical undercuts, inclined to the opposite side of the diaphragm.